Law Commons^™

Kneecapping Scalping: Ending The Predatory Scourge Plaguing E-Commerce Using Unfair Practice Frameworks, Zachary Michael Elvove

Brooklyn Law Review

Concert goers and sports fans are no longer the only people forced to pay absurdly marked up prices. From baby formula to video game consoles, scalping dominates the sale of goods online. Yet existing frameworks for antiscalping—specifically their relentless focus on tickets, bots, and hidden fees—fundamentally fail to address the parasitic profiteering that underpins scalping in the modern economy. We cannot understand the scope of harms posed by pernicious online resale if we focus purely on the minutiae of ticket markets and technological exploitation—the sheer number of industries affected by scalping and size of the market failure it causes demand …

First Amendment Scrutiny: Realigning First Amendment Doctrine Around Government Interests, John Inazu

Brooklyn Law Review

This article proposes a simpler way to frame judicial analysis of First Amendment claims: a government restriction on First Amendment expression or action must advance a compelling interest through narrowly tailored means and must not excessively burden the expression or action relative to the interest advanced. The test thus has three prongs: (1) compelling interest; (2) narrow tailoring; and (3) proportionality. Part I explores how current First Amendment doctrine too often minimizes or ignores a meaningful assessment of the government’s purported interest in limiting First Amendment liberties. Part II shows how First Amendment inquiry is further confused by threshold inquiries …

Gang Accusations: The Beast That Burdens Noncitizens, Mary Holper

Brooklyn Law Review

This article examines evidence that the government presents in deportation proceedings against young men of color to prove that they are gang members. The gang evidence results in detention, deportation, adverse credibility decisions, and denial of discretionary relief. This article examines the gang evidence through the lens of the law’s use of presumptions and the corresponding burdens of proof at play in immigration proceedings. The immigration burden allocations allow adjudicators to readily accept the harmful presumption contained in the gang evidence—that urban youth of color are criminals and likely to engage in violent crime associated with gangs. The article seeks …

Identity Crisis: First Amendment Implications Of State Identification Card And Driver’S License Branding For Registered Sex Offenders, Marina D. Barron

Brooklyn Law Review

The Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act has been criticized since its inception as excessively punitive, a poor means of preventing sex crimes, and an invasion of basic privacy rights. There are currently eight states that require registered sex offenders to carry branded identification cards (IDs) that mark their registrant status. These markings range anywhere from a letter or symbol on the face of the card, to the words “SEXUAL OFFENDER” or “SEXUAL PREDATOR” in bright red or orange letters. Registrants are forced to share this private and harmful information to the unknowing and presumably uninterested public, including pharmacists, hotel …

Moody V. Netchoice, Llc: Amici Brief Of National Security Experts On Behalf Of Neither Party, Barbara Mcquade

Appellate Briefs

Amici represent a broad cross-section of the national security community and have significant operational and policy expertise in combatting terrorism. They include former career and politically appointed officials, across Republican and Democratic administrations, from the National Security Council staff, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Department of Defense, and Department of State, as well as former members of Congress with national security credentials and other national security experts. A complete list of amici is included in the Appendix.< \p>

As experienced national security experts, prosecutors, …

Abortions, Location Data, And The Fourth Amendment: Geofence Warrants In A Post-Roe World, Marlaina Pinto

Colorado Technology Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Cover, Masthead And Table Of Contents, Ashley Antony

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

No abstract provided.

Major Questions (And Answers): A Call To Quiet The Quartet, Michael Reaves

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

This Comment calls for action to quiet the Quartet—encouraging executive agencies to mitigate the pernicious impact of MQD. In Part I, this Comment discusses the political landscape in the area of climate action. Part II wades through the nearly forty-year doctrinal shift of delegation—from humble beginnings in a law review article from then-Judge Breyer in 1986, to the application of major questions principles at various stages of agency-deference analyses. Part III discusses the Quartet and its role in MQD as a determinative legal canon. Recent scholarship calls into question if there are multiple iterations of MQD, and whether the most …

Unclear Guidelines From The Sentencing Commission And A Prejudiced Warden Result In (Un)Compassionate Release, Mary Trotter

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

Congress first developed compassionate release in 1984, granting federal courts the authority to reduce sentences for “extraordinary and compelling” reasons. Compassionate release allows the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) and inmates to apply for immediate early release on grounds of “particularly extraordinary or compelling circumstances which could not reasonably have been foreseen by the court at the time of sentencing.” Questions remain about how the BOP and the courts grant compassionate release and whether the courts apply the compassionate release guidelines consistently. The uncertainty is due to the lack of clarity from the USSC to define “extraordinary or compelling circumstances,” …

Fraud On Airbnb: How To Regulate An Emerging And Problematic Industry, Samuel Mcneal

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

In Section I, this article explains the issues within Airbnb and why they need addressing. Section II explains the current state of Airbnb regulation and identifies the loopholes within that regulation that harm consumers. Section III shows why Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act protects Airbnb from some regulations, but why it also allows harm to persist against Airbnb. Section IV will posit that the Federal Trade Commission should oversee a broad, context-based regulation of Airbnb to protect consumers through a risk management reporting mechanism similar to the financial reporting to the Securities and Exchange Commission required under the …

Co-Managers? The Need For Clarification Regarding State And Federal Powers In Federal Elections, Amber Mccomas

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

This article argues that the Court needs to clarify the distinction between the state and federal government’s roles in federal elections to avoid chaos and unconstitutional overreach. As a part of this clarification, the Court should also clarify how information is deemed “necessary.” This article looks specifically at one potential consideration: public fears regarding election security. Data and logic indicate that such fears should not be a consideration in the necessity determination as they are unreliable. Section II examines the background of the Election Assistance Commission, the applicable law, as well as criticism and support the agency has received since …

The Outcomes Of Fully Adjudicated Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: A Nationally Representative Analysis With And Without New York, Perry A. Zirkel, Diane M. Holben

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides eligible students with the right to a free appropriate public education (FAPE) as specified in an individualized education program (IEP). An unusual feature of the IDEA is providing the parents of students with disabilities and their school districts with the right to a binding “impartial due process hearing” at the administrative level, subject to appeal. This mechanism for administrative adjudication has been the subject of continuing policy debate and occasional statutory refinements. One of the ongoing concerns in this policy consideration has been the win-loss rate of due process hearings (DPHs). Similarly, …

Twisted Machines: Police Pursuit Policy And Accountability, Madeline Hedrick

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

Part I of this comment will examine the cultural and legal approach to high-speed pursuits exemplified in Los Angeles—the national center of televised car chases. Part II will unpack the thorny judicial doctrine of qualified immunity and evaluate how it impacts the incentives and accountability of police pursuits. Part III will examine who pays for the lawsuits that survive qualified immunity and the role insurance companies have in the facilitation of police reform. In Part IV, this comment will examine the qualified immunity bills in New Mexico and Colorado, the nationwide example they set, and the pushback they have received. …

Broadcast In The Past?: The Dangers Of Deregulating Children’S Broadcast Television, Lauren Bashir

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

This article will begin by providing an overview of the Federal Communications Commission’s role in regulating broadcast television. In Section II, this article will explain in depth how the FCC has placed limitations on the type of content and circumstances under which television stations can broadcast content. This discussion will lead into the Children’s Television Act (CTA) of 1990 and the regulation of children’s television—also known as the KidVid Rules. After providing some background on the creation of the CTA and its effectiveness up to recent times, Section III will dive deeper into the 2019 CTA modifications. Then this article …

Aequitas: Seeking Equilibrium In Title Ix, Raymond Trent Cromartie

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Over the past two decades, the scope of Title IX has expanded drastically and now includes the investigation and adjudication of sexual misconduct cases through campus tribunals. Beginning in 2011, the Obama Administration, through a “Dear Colleague Letter” and subsequent guidance, initiated this process by establishing guidelines that required schools to develop and implement policies and procedures for the handling of sexual misconduct cases. Following the publication of the Obama-era guidance, schools scrambled to ensure compliance with the federal guidance, which led to a myriad of applications by universities. Unfortunately, the fallout from the 2011 guidance was widespread litigation initiated …

Looking Backward To Move Forward: Ending The "History And Tradition" Of Gun Violence Against The Lgbtq+ Community, Brett V. Ries

Duke Law Journal Online

Anti-LGBTQ+ gun violence is occurring in the United States at an alarming rate. The Department of Homeland Security has even issued a domestic terrorism warning for attacks against the LGBTQ+ community. When the shootings at the Pulse Nightclub in Florida and Club Q in Colorado are combined, fifty-four individuals were murdered and seventy-eight more were wounded while simply existing in an LGBTQ+ space. Both of these targeted shootings occurred within the past six years, indicating that anti-LGBTQ+ gun violence is not a relic of the past. As they were ten years ago, LGBTQ+ individuals are still disproportionately impacted by hate …

Davie Montes, Plaintiff/Respondent, V. National Buick Gmc, Inc., Defendant/Petitioner. : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2021– )

Brief of Petitioner On Writ of Certiorari to the Utah Court of Appeals

ERIC STEPHENSON STEPHENSON LAW FIRM Counsel for Respondent

ERIK A. OLSON (8479) CONNOR B. ARRINGTON (17560) MARSHALL OLSON & HULL, P.C. Counsel for Petitioner

Aequitas: Seeking Equilibrium In Title Ix, Raymond Trent Cromartie

University of Dayton Law Review

In 2011, the Obama Administration introduced the Dear Colleague Letter (“DCL” or “Letter”), which drastically reshaped the nature and scope of Title IX and redefined how sex-based discrimination is viewed and addressed on college campuses around the country. While the overall intent of the Letter was to address historical mishandlings of sexual misconduct on the part of victims, including sexual assault in higher education, many commentators have expressed the concern that the guidelines aggressively pursued this end without considering several sweeping impacts. Where Title IX used to be a means for providing equal access to education through government oversight, through …

How Can They Be Silenced? Why Ohio Must Amend Its Civil Statute Of Limitations For Child Sexual Abuse Claims, Mackenzie F. Reiber

University of Dayton Law Review

Ohio should abolish the civil statute of limitations for child sexual abuse (CSA) claims because survivors of CSA generally recover memories and come forward with allegations well past the limitations period; courts in states that have eliminated the civil statute of limitations for CSA claims do not become overwhelmed by hearing these claims several years past the date of the abuse; and the perpetrator’s constitutional rights are not violated by abolishing the statute of limitations.

Helping Or Hindering Life? The Ramifications Of Overturning Roe V. Wade As It Relates To The Criminal Justice System, Samantha Moore

University of Dayton Law Review

Part I of this Comment explores 2001 research by John Donohue and Steven Levitt finding that legalized abortion significantly contributed to a decrease in crime starting in 1991. Part II of this Comment will explore the background of abortion. Part III will highlight the scope of abortion following Roe by analyzing Donohue and Levitt’s abortion-crime link. Part IV of this Comment will succinctly summarize these conclusions.

Cover, Front Matter And Masthead

University of Dayton Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Critical Librarianship Approach For Teaching Patent Searching: Who Becomes An Inventor In America?, Dave Zwicky, Ilana Stonebraker

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

The ways in which a technology is invented, owned, and approved are strongly influenced by the same oppressive and exclusionary structures that critical librarianship interrogates. Patents, limited-term grants of rights to inventions, are issued to inventors in exchange for detailed specifications of the invention. This paper examines current practices used by business librarians in teaching students how to find patents and how these practices could be critically informed given the nature of the United States patent system as it exists today. An output of this work is a suggested lesson plan with recommended resources.

Tunnels As Temples Of 'New Green India': Dominant Narratives Of Himalayan Dam Building, Manshi Asher, Vivek Negi

National Law School Journal

The dramatic unfolding of the Joshimath crisis in Uttarakhand, India, has brought the world’s attention once again to the Himalaya. The contribution of a 520-megawatt hydropower dam to land subsidence is squarely in the spotlight. River valleys with bumper-to-bumper hydropower dam building, especially in the North Western Himalaya, in the past decade and a half or so, have witnessed frequent slope de-stabilisation, landslides and seepages. Unlike the visible dispossession of rural—often adivasi and dalit— populations in reservoir based dam affected areas, even establishing and ‘scientifically’ correlating cascading hazards with human impacts of the ‘invisible’ activity of run-of-the-river dams in the …

Another Obstacle For Survivors Of Sexual Violence: The Effect Of Limiting Emotional Distress Damages In Title Ix Cases, Allison Mauk

University of Dayton Law Review

In April 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States decided in Cummings v. Premier Rehab Keller, P.L.L.C. that emotional distress damages were not recoverable in private rights of action brought under anti-discrimination statutes. Pursuant to their authority under the Spending Clause, Congress has enacted four distinct anti-discrimination statutes including Title VII, the Rehabilitation Act, the Affordable Care Act, and Title IX. In Cummings, a deaf and blind plaintiff sought emotional distress damages under the Rehabilitation Act and Affordable Care Act after she was denied an interpreter at a physical therapy appointment. The Court developed a test to determine whether …

“A Document Of Independent Force”: Towards A Robust Ohio Constitutionalism, Nathaniel M. Fouch

University of Dayton Law Review

On August 11, 1993, the Ohio Supreme Court handed down its decision in Arnold v. Cleveland. The Court held that the Ohio Constitution confers a fundamental individual right to bear arms—nearly 15 years before the United States Supreme Court enunciated a similar right guaranteed by the Second Amendment. Perhaps even more consequentially, the Arnold court declared that “[t]he Ohio Constitution is a document of independent force.” This assertion about the fundamental nature of the state constitution, and the willingness of the Court to engage with and interpret the document on its own terms, breathed new life into Ohio’s otherwise …

The Graveyard Of Empires, Sadaf Folad

[Archive] Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)

No abstract provided.

Polisci 3210f: Feasibility Of A National Disability Insurance Plan (Ndip) In Canada, Twana Hassan, Aditi Priya, Dylan Poole, Samantha Rubin, Ethan Chen

Community Engaged Learning Final Projects

This research report presents an overview of the feasibility and reliability of a National Disability Insurance Plan (NDIP) in Canada. Several Global North countries are leading the way in disability legislation and disability funding in comparison to Canada's inaction on the matter. A National Disability Insurance Plan in Canada will have social and economic benefits for everyone in Canada. The report concluded that Canada is capable of implementing a NDIP and doing so is the right choice.

Issues In Robot Law And Policy, A. Michael Froomkin

Books and Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

State Of Utah, Plaintiff / Appellee, V. Richard Scott Mitton, Defendant / Appellant : Reply Brief, Utah Court Of Appeals

Utah Court of Appeals Briefs (2020 –)

On Appeal from the 1st District Court, Honorable Judge Spencer Walsh

Attorneys for Appellant and Defendant, Wayne K. Caldwell,

Attorneys for Appellee and Plaintiff, Andrew F. Peterson

The Prisoner As Master Of His Own Lawsuit: The Interpretation Of Prisoners' 1983 Civil Rights Claims After Wilkinson V. Dotson, Lisa A. White

Tennessee Journal of Law and Policy

No abstract provided.