Law Commons^™

Unpatriotic Profit: How For-Profit Colleges Target Veterans And What The Government Must Do To Stop Them, Christopher J. Salemme

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

A Growing Consensus: State Sponsorship Of Confederate Symbols Is An Injury-In-Fact As A Result Of Dylann Roof’S Killing Blacks In Church At A Bible Study, L. Darnell Weeden

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Frontmatter

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Has Nihilism Politicized The Supreme Court Nomination Process?, Bruce Ledewitz

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

Holding Investment Bankers Liable For Aiding And Abetting Corporate Directors: The Under-Deterrent, Maren Worley

Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Non-Profit Organizations In Shaping Food Law And Corporate Responsibility In The United States, Melissa M. Card

Journal of Food Law & Policy

This article assesses whether the United States should adopt an institutional process similar to Europe’s through giving non-profit organizations a role in shaping food law and corporate responsibility. Part I provides a comparative analysis of genetically engineered product regulations in the US and the EU. Part II explains how the institutional processes of the US and the EU led to the varying regulations. Part III asserts that the United States should change its institutional process through allowing public universities and private colleges to influence food law and corporate responsibility.

Hearing Before The United States House Of Representatives Subcommittee On Courts, Intellectual Property, And The Internet: “The Role And Impact Of Nationwide Injunctions By District Courts”, Samuel L. Bray

Congressional Testimony

Originally posted by the House of Representatives Judiciary Committee

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Copy of Testimony

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Alaska’S Judicial Retention Elections: A Comparative Analysis, Albert J. Klumpp

Alaska Law Review

The results of recent judicial retention elections in Alaska, and the recent increase in political activities related to judicial selection in Alaska and many other states, have given rise to concerns about the fates of future Alaska retention candidates. This Article analyzes the results of retention elections nationwide and suggests that there may be good reason for Alaska judges to be worried. Baseline levels of voter support for retention candidates in most of Alaska are among the lowest in the country, and have gradually been declining over time. In addition, Alaskan voters have targeted individual judges for removal more frequently …

Placing Children With Relatives: The Case For A Clear Rationale For Separate Foster Care Licensing Standards, Background Check Procedures, And Improved Relative Placement Statutes In Alaska, Courtney Lewis

Alaska Law Review

Policymakers generally agree that if a child cannot live safely with her parents, then the child should be placed expeditiously with a relative. Alaska’s current system for evaluating relative caregivers is overly complicated, creating unnecessary barriers for relatives and increasing the risk of mistakenly denying placement with relatives. This Article argues that Alaska should adopt a three-step approach to achieve better outcomes based on the American Bar Association’s model licensing standards, which are narrowly tailored to evaluate whether a child should be placed with a relative. Additionally, this Article argues that Alaska should repeal its state statute that gives the …

Note From The Editor

Alaska Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Grand Compromise: The Ancsa Section 7(I) Settlement Agreement, Ethan G. Schutt, Aaron M. Schutt

Alaska Law Review

In 1982, Alaska’s twelve regional Native corporations finalized and executed a settlement agreement ending a decade of litigation involving Section 7(i) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. The 121-page Settlement Agreement is complex and covers a number of issues. The Agreement annually governs the distribution of tens of millions in revenue shared between the regional corporations pursuant to Section 7(i). This Article reviews the history of the Settlement Agreement, with emphasis on the negotiations that led to it, as well as the legal challenges regarding the Agreement since its execution. This Article also reviews the Agreement, section-by-section, and provides …

Oil Production Tax In Alaska: An Evolution Away From A “True” Production Tax, Andrew C. Macmillan

Alaska Law Review

Alaska has long relied on taxing petroleum extraction as a key source of funding for the State. The oil production tax has changed dramatically since the first barrels of oil were taken from Alaskan land. Most noticeably, the production tax has adjusted its progressivity element and has moved from a gross tax to a net tax. This Note provides a historical reference to Alaska’s oil production taxation scheme in an effort to address whether it is a “true” production tax. Asserting that Alaska has departed from a “true” production tax scheme insofar as it more resembles an income tax, this …

Justice Reinvestment In Alaska: The Past, Present, And Future Of Sb 91, Michael A. Rosengart

Alaska Law Review

In the summer of 2016, Alaska Governor Bill Walker signed SB 91, a landmark criminal justice reform law that implements a “justice reinvestment” program. SB 91 aims to reduce Alaska’s prison population, cut corrections costs, and then reinvest savings back into the state to improve public safety and reduce recidivism. It is 193 sections long and is likely the most substantial change to Alaskan criminal law since statehood. It also comes at a time when similar legislation, spearheaded by the Justice Reinvestment Initiative, is proliferating through the country. This Note overviews Alaska’s corrections problems that prompted SB 91, discusses the …

Intrastate Crowdfunding In Alaska: Is There Security In Following The Crowd?, Evan Glustrom

Alaska Law Review

This Note analyzes the potential of crowdfunding for the State of Alaska. Crowdfunding can open up new sources of revenue for small businesses while simultaneously providing an avenue for Alaskans to invest in their own communities. The potential, however, must be weighed against the risk of fraud, poorly run businesses, and the lack of protection for investors. It is the responsibility of the Alaska legislature, the State’s securities administrators, and the Securities and Exchange Commission to ensure that investors are adequately protected. This Note discusses Alaska’s crowdfunding legislation, the Alaska Intrastate Crowdfunding Exemption, and recommends changes to the legislation that …

Legal Regulations On Media Ownership In Selected European Union Countries, Jędrzej Skrzypczak

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

This paper deals with the issue of media pluralism and media ownership by presenting relevant regulations in selected EU countries.

Amberg, Information And Communication Technologies In Health Care – Infringement Of Privacy Issues, Ewa M. Kwiatkowska, Małgorzata Skórzewska-Amberg

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article concerns issues of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the health care sector. The legal concepts used in the discussed field are presented. Threats related to the protection of sensitive data, including information on patients’ health, are highlighted. The state of the computerization of health care in Poland has been analyzed in the context of the forthcoming introduction of the obligation to create medical records in an electronic form.

Legal Rules On Cookie Files And The Protection Of Personal Data Of The Internet User, Małgorzata Olszewska

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The objective of the study is to indicate the relationship between legal rules contained in provisions on personal data protection and in telecommunications law with relation to legitimate use of software installed on user devices (called in English ‘cookies’). The subject of the article is to show applicable legal rules in the context of the reform of the legal framework of the European Union on the protection of personal data, with particular attention to the way information is provided and consent [from the users] obtained, by those service providers that are obliged to do so.

Response By The President Of Uke To Enquiries Made By Telecommunications Enterprises Regarding Their Entry Into The Register Of Telecommunications Enterprises, Justyna Michalak-Królicka

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article presents the prerequisites for assessing the existence of the obligation of the President of UKE, as a body of central government administration, to respond to the enquiries of a telecommunications enterprise about satisfying the conditions of entry into the register of telecommunications enterprises, taking into account the nature of the services which that entrepreneur is planning to provide. In order to determine the sources of the obligation of the President of UKE to reply to the enquiries of a telecommunications enterprise regarding the interpretation of legal rules applicable to telecommunications activities, the article presents an analysis of the …

Certified Mechanism Of Monitoring Internet Access Service Quality, Stanisław Piątek

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article analyses legal, technical and organizational conditions related to the establishment of certified mechanisms of monitoring internet access service quality in EU Member States in connection with the provisions of EU Regulation 2015/2120. Certified mechanisms are necessary in order to allow consumers to take advantage of the presumption of an inappropriate service performance by a service provider in case of discrepancies between the measurements results and the quality requirements set out in the service contract. The article analyses the nature of the obligation of providers concerning service quality, effects of performing the measurements, making use of the certified mechanism, …

Text Messages From A Computer – How To Classify [This?] Electronic Communications Service. Comments On Efta Court Judgment Of 22 December 2016, Case No E-6/16, Jakub Woźny

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Kwalifikacja prawna usług z pogranicza łączności elektronicznej i społeczeństwa informacyjnego od lat nastręcza wielu problemów. Szybki rozwój technologiczny prowadzi do postępującego zacierania się granicy między usługą przesyłu sygnału a usługą świadczoną w oparciu o ten przesył. Problem wywołał w istocie unijny prawodawca, który, dążąc do zapewnienia elastyczności stanowionych rozwiązań prawnych, oparł definicję usługi łączności elektronicznej na niedookreślonych pojęciach. Wskutek tych okoliczności całkowicie odmiennym reżimom regulacyjnym podlegają usługi, które w codziennej praktyce okazują się praktycznie nieodróżnialne. Budzi to sprzeciw świadczących je podmiotów. W kontekście takich sporów zaczęły jednak zapadać w ostatnich latach orzeczenia sądów, stopniowo rozstrzygające narastające wątpliwości.

Processing Personal Data By Online Service Providers. Comments To The Judgment Of The European Court Of Justice Of 19 October 2016, Case No C-582/14, Tadeusz Piątek

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Wniosek o wydanie orzeczenia w trybie prejudycjalnym został złożony przez niemiecki Federalny Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (dalej: Bundesgerichtshof) i dotyczy wykładni art. 2 lit. a i art. 7 lit. f dyrektywy 95/46/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z dnia 24 października 1995 r. w sprawie ochrony osób fizycznych w zakresie przetwarzania danych osobowych i swobodnego przepływu tych danych (Dz.U. 1995, L 281, s. 31) (dalej: dyrektywa). Problem powstał na tle sporu pomiędzy Patrickiem Breyerem a Republiką Federalną Niemiec w przedmiocie rejestrowania i przechowywania przez państwo adresu protokołu internetowego (dalej: adres IP) Patricka Breyera (dalej: użytkownik) podczas przeglądania przez niego wielu stron internetowych niemieckich …

Transfer Of Frequency Spectrum Rights. Comments To The Verdict Of The Court Of Appeals In Warsaw Of 20 April 2017, Case No I Aca 123/16, Kamil Kosmala

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

W literaturze prawniczej poświęconej prawu telekomunikacyjnemu znaleźć można ogólne, teoretyczne uwagi dotyczące cywilnoprawnych podstaw przeniesienia uprawnień publicznoprawnych do częstotliwości radiowych (Piątek, 2013, s. 761–766, Rogalski, 2010, s. 745–748, Krasuski, 2015. s. 1081–1086). Dotychczasowe orzecznictwo sądów powszechnych i administracyjnych nie odnosiło się praktycznie w ogóle do instytucji i form prawnych, w których realizowany jest obrót prawami wynikającymi z rezerwacji częstotliwości . Omawiany wyrok Sądu Apelacyjnego w Warszawie z dnia 20 kwietnia 2017 r. (sygn. akt I ACa 123/16) jest pierwszym orzeczeniem sądu powszechnego, którego uzasadnienie odnosi się do charakteru prawnego, dopuszczalności i uwarunkowań prawnych obrotu uprawnieniami do częstotliwości radiowych.

Traffic Management Under Regulation 2015/2120 Laying Down Measures Concerning Open Internet Access, Andrzej Nałęcz

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article deals with traffic management under Regulation 2015/2120. Basic technical aspects of Internet traffic have been described. The terms used in Regulation 2015/2120 have been characterized, in particular traffic management itself and traffic management measures. Both reasonable and exceptional traffic management measures in line with Regulation 2015/2120 have been analyzed in detail. Contractual obligations and commercial practices, which do not constitute traffic management measures but are functionally similar to them, have also been mentioned.

Regulation Of The Council Of Ministers On The Requirements And Ways Of Ensuring The Conditions Of Access And Recording Of Telecommunications Transmission And Data, Maciej Rogalski

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

This article analyzes the draft of the Regulation of the Council of Ministers on the requirements and manner of providing access and recording conditions for telecommunications data and data transmission and types of telecommunications activities or types of telecommunications undertakings not subject to this obligation. This project will finally replace the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 13.9.2005 on the fulfillment by telecommunications undertakings of duties and obligations for defense, state security and public order. Two issues are the subject of the analysis in this paper, both of which have important practical significance. First, the scope of the exemption …

Retention And Transfer Of Telecommunications Metadata), C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2016, Daniel Szmurło

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Retention and transfer of telecommunications metadata, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2016 (reviewed by Daniel Szmurło)

From The Editor, Stanisław Piątek

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

From the Editor

Entire Issue Vol. 6 No. 7

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

Vol 6(7)

Arkansas Teacher Salaries, Sarah C. Mckenzie, Gary W. Ritter

Policy Briefs

This brief examines teacher salaries in Arkansas. Using data publicly available from the Arkansas Department of Education, we examine how teacher salaries compare to the nation and surrounding states. Further analyses examine differences in teacher salary within and between the regions of Arkansas. We identify the district factors most related to and make recommendations for utilizing this information.

November 29, 2017: The Acting Director And The Rule Of Law, Bruce Ledewitz

Hallowed Secularism

Blog post, “The Acting Director and the Rule of Law“ discusses politics, theology and the law in relation to religion and public life in the democratic United States of America.

Ocasio V. United States: The Supreme Court’S Sudden Expansion Of Conspiracy Liability (And Why Bribe-Taking Foreign Officials Should Take Note), Michael F. Dearington

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

Last year, the United States Supreme Court decided a Hobbs Act conspiracy case that could significantly expand the bounds of the general federal conspiracy statute. In Ocasio v. United States, 136 S. Ct. 1423 (2016), the Court held that, under “age-old principles of conspiracy law,” a police officer could conspire with shop owners to extort those very same shop owners in violation of the Hobbs Act. The corollary is that a shop owner can, in theory, conspire to extort himself. If a shop owner can conspire to extort himself as a matter of law, why can’t a bribe-taking foreign …