Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Law and Economics (23)
- Health Law and Policy (20)
- Banking and Finance Law (18)
- Tax Law (15)
- Constitutional Law (10)
-
- Criminal Law (10)
- International Law (9)
- Courts (8)
- International Trade Law (7)
- Intellectual Property Law (6)
- Science and Technology Law (6)
- Taxation-Transnational (6)
- Comparative and Foreign Law (5)
- European Law (5)
- Jurisdiction (5)
- Labor and Employment Law (5)
- Litigation (5)
- Business Organizations Law (4)
- Taxation-State and Local (4)
- Dispute Resolution and Arbitration (3)
- Evidence (3)
- Insurance Law (3)
- Taxation-Federal (3)
- Accounting Law (2)
- Civil Rights and Discrimination (2)
- Contracts (2)
- Economic Theory (2)
- Economics (2)
- Family Law (2)
- Keyword
-
- Constitutional law (6)
- Obamacare (6)
- Supreme Court (6)
- ACA (5)
- Health law (5)
-
- Originalism (5)
- Affordable Care Act (4)
- Commerce Clause (4)
- Criminal law (4)
- Federalism (4)
- Constitution (3)
- Contracts (3)
- Culpability (3)
- Disclosure (3)
- Drugs (3)
- Federal Circuit (3)
- Financial crisis (3)
- Incentives (3)
- Jurisdiction (3)
- Legal history (3)
- Litigation (3)
- MEV (3)
- Necessary and Proper Clause (3)
- PPACA (3)
- Patent (3)
- VAT (3)
- Alex Kittel (2)
- Arbitration (2)
- Banks (2)
- Bias (2)
Articles 91 - 116 of 116
Full-Text Articles in Law
With Child, Without Rights?: Restoring A Pregnant Woman's Right To Refuse Medical Treatment Through The Hiv Lens, Michael Ulrich
With Child, Without Rights?: Restoring A Pregnant Woman's Right To Refuse Medical Treatment Through The Hiv Lens, Michael Ulrich
Faculty Scholarship
In Doe v. Division of Youth & Family Services , a hospital employee sought state intervention when an HIV-positive woman refused to comply with treatment recommendations during her pregnancy to drastically reduce the chances of mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT), eventually triggering a lawsuit against the hospital. With an increase in the number of HIV-positive women becoming pregnant and the court avoiding constitutional analysis of the woman’s right to refuse medical treatment, there is a clear void where legal analysis is surely needed. This Article fills this void for the inevitable case where an HIV-positive pregnant woman’s right to refuse medical treatment is …
Resource Restraints: Rethinking Disclosure Of Individual Genomic Findings, Michael Ulrich
Resource Restraints: Rethinking Disclosure Of Individual Genomic Findings, Michael Ulrich
Faculty Scholarship
While there has been a seemingly endless debate over whether individual results should be disclosed in genomic research, the role that resources should play in determining a researcher's duty has been left unanswered. This commentary fills this void by fully examining how resource limitations constrain a researcher's duty to disclose. This paper is the first to anchor an obligation in the duty to rescue alone, and as a result, the first to find not only an ethical floor of what must be returned, but also a ceiling of the amount of resources that may be utilized to fulfill this duty. …
Patent Litigation And The Internet, Samantha Zyontz, John R. Allison, Emerson H. Tiller, Tristan Bligh
Patent Litigation And The Internet, Samantha Zyontz, John R. Allison, Emerson H. Tiller, Tristan Bligh
Faculty Scholarship
Patent infringement litigation has not only increased dramatically in frequency over the past few decades,1 but also has also seen striking growth in both stakes and cost.2 Although a relatively rich literature has added much to our understanding of the nature, causes, and consequences of patent litigation during the past two decades,3 many interesting questions remain inadequately addressed. The nuances of and trends in patent litigation in different technology fields and industries, for example, are still understudied.4 Litigation of patents on new technologies has likewise received a dearth of attention. Here we seek to help begin …
Structuring Jurisdictional Rules And Standards, Scott Dodson, Elizabeth Mccuskey
Structuring Jurisdictional Rules And Standards, Scott Dodson, Elizabeth Mccuskey
Faculty Scholarship
Jonathan Remy Nash's article, On the Efficient Deployment of Rules and Standards to Define Federal Jurisdiction, bravely tackles and creatively merges-the dual debates over rules versus standards and the ideal contours of federal jurisdiction.' He proposes a revised regime in which rules define jurisdictional boundaries at the front end, while standards "migrate" into a discretionary abstention phase at the back end.2 This realignment, Nash argues, optimizes efficiency and predictability by placing a bright-line rule at the jurisdictional threshold, while promoting federalism by establishing a safety net that applies standards to claims that cross the threshold. 3 In this …
The Affordable Care Act Individual Coverage Requirement: Ways To Frame The Commerce Clause Issue, Wendy K. Mariner
The Affordable Care Act Individual Coverage Requirement: Ways To Frame The Commerce Clause Issue, Wendy K. Mariner
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The First Ever (Maybe) Original Jurisdiction Standings, Jay D. Wexler, David Hatton
The First Ever (Maybe) Original Jurisdiction Standings, Jay D. Wexler, David Hatton
Faculty Scholarship
One of the more interesting clauses of the Constitution is the one that gives the Supreme Court original jurisdiction to hear lawsuits brought by one state against another state. These cases have historically made up a consistent, though small, part of the Supreme Court’s docket, but nobody has yet to investigate how the various states have fared in these suits. In this article, we analyze all of the state versus state cases decided over the past 112 years and provide the first ever (we think) official standings of how the states stack up. Minnesota is the big winner.
Representing Injustice: Justice As An Icon Of Woman Suffrage, Kristin Collins
Representing Injustice: Justice As An Icon Of Woman Suffrage, Kristin Collins
Faculty Scholarship
In this Essay, written as part of a symposium on Judith Resnik’s and Dennis Curtis's sumptuously illustrated volume Representing Justice, I offer a historically sensitive interpretation of the figure of Justice in woman suffrage spectacle and propaganda. American suffragists were drawn to Justice as a symbol of women's claim to political and legal rights. Why? Surely one reason is that, as Resnik and Curtis demonstrate, by the early twentieth century Justice had ascended as a distinctively resonant symbol of law and law's legitimacy in a democratic polity. Precisely because Justice was a legible symbol of law's legitimacy, she was ripe …
Deductions For Drug Ads? The Constitution Does Not Require Congress To Subsidize Direct-To-Consumer Prescription Drug Advertisements, Kevin Outterson, Shoshana Speiser
Deductions For Drug Ads? The Constitution Does Not Require Congress To Subsidize Direct-To-Consumer Prescription Drug Advertisements, Kevin Outterson, Shoshana Speiser
Faculty Scholarship
The First Amendment protects lawful, non-misleading advertising as commercial speech, which constrains Congressional attempts to regulate direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription drugs. But the Constitution does not require the federal government to subsidize advertising through the Tax Code. Congress could revoke the legislative gift of tax deductions for DTCA without running afoul of regulating speech. While DTCA proponents maintain that DTCA increases disease awareness and leads to more doctor-patient conversations, Congress could find that these purported benefits are outweighed by other negative consequences, including excessive prescribing.
Obamacare's (3) Day(S) In Court, Abigail Moncrieff
Obamacare's (3) Day(S) In Court, Abigail Moncrieff
Faculty Scholarship
Before the oral arguments in late March, the vast majority of legal scholars felt confident that the Supreme Court of the United States would uphold the individual mandate against the constitutional challenge that twenty-six states have levied against it. Since the oral argument, that confidence has been severely shaken. This article asks why legal scholars were so confident before the argument and what has made us so concerned since the argument. The article posits that certain fundamental characteristics of health insurance - particularly its unusual role in steering healthcare consumption decisions, which distinguishes health insurance from standard kinds of indemnity …
The Balkinization Of Originalism, James E. Fleming
The Balkinization Of Originalism, James E. Fleming
Faculty Scholarship
This Article suggests that, with the publication of Jack Balkin's Living Originalism, we are witnessing the "Balkanization" of originalism (when originalism splits into warring camps) along with the "Balkinization" of originalism (when even Balkin, hitherto a pragmatic living constitutionalist, becomes an originalist). It goes on to argue that Balkin's living originalism is what Ronald Dworkin has called a "moral reading" of the Constitution, for it conceives the Constitution as embodying abstract moral and political principles, not codifying concrete historical rules or practices. Furthermore, despite important differences, there are unmistakable affinities between Balkin's commitment to interpret the Constitution so as to …
On The Use And Abuse Of Necessity In The Law Of State Responsibility, Robert D. Sloane
On The Use And Abuse Of Necessity In The Law Of State Responsibility, Robert D. Sloane
Faculty Scholarship
Article 25 of the International Law Commission’s Articles on State Responsibility defines necessity as a general “circumstance precluding wrongfulness” in the law of state responsibility. It has been adopted rapidly and almost uniformly, but with scant independent analysis, as a putative codification of international custom. This essay argues that with reference to the ILC mandate, the definition reflects far more “progressive development” than “codification” of general international law. It also questions the definition’s advisability, coherence, and normative appeal in theory and practice.
Cost-Benefit Federalism: Reconciling Collective Action Federalism And Libertarian Federalism In The Obamacare Litigation And Beyond, Abigail Moncrieff
Cost-Benefit Federalism: Reconciling Collective Action Federalism And Libertarian Federalism In The Obamacare Litigation And Beyond, Abigail Moncrieff
Faculty Scholarship
The lawsuits challenging Obamacare's individual mandate have exposed a rift in federalism theory. On one side of the divide is a view that the national government ought to intervene - and ought to be constitutionally permitted to intervene - whenever the states are "separately incompetent" to regulate. This is the view that Robert Cooter and Neil Siegel recently theorized as "collective action federalism." On the other side of the divide is a view that federalism exists for reasons other than efficiency of regulation and particularly that the Founders created the federal structure for the protection of individual liberty. According to …
Effect Of Financial Relationships On The Behaviors Of Health Care Professionals: A Review Of The Evidence, Christopher Robertson, Susannah Rose, Aaron Kesselheim
Effect Of Financial Relationships On The Behaviors Of Health Care Professionals: A Review Of The Evidence, Christopher Robertson, Susannah Rose, Aaron Kesselheim
Faculty Scholarship
This symposium paper explores the empirical evidence regarding the impact of financial relationships on the behavior of health care providers, specifically, physicians. We identify and synthesize peer-reviewed data addressing whether financial incentives are causally related to patient outcomes and health care costs. We cover three main areas where financial conflicts of interest arise and may have an observable relationship to health care practices: physicians’ roles as self-referrers, insurance reimbursement schemes that create incentives for certain clinical choices over others, and financial relationships between physicians and the drug and device industries. We found a well-developed scientific literature consisting of dozens of …
Is Strict Criminal Liability In The Grading Of Offenses Consistent With Retributive Desert?, Kenneth Simons
Is Strict Criminal Liability In The Grading Of Offenses Consistent With Retributive Desert?, Kenneth Simons
Faculty Scholarship
Notwithstanding the demands of retributive desert, strict criminal liability is sometimes defensible when the strict liability pertains, not to whether conduct is to be criminalized at all, but to the seriousness of the actor’s crime. Suppose an actor commits an intentional assault or rape, and accidentally brings about a death. Punishing the actor more seriously because the death resulted is sometimes justifiable, even absent proof of his independent culpability as to the death. But what punishment is proportionate for such an actor? Should he be punished as harshly as an intentional or knowing killer?
Images In/Of Law, Jessica Silbey
Images In/Of Law, Jessica Silbey
Faculty Scholarship
The proliferation of images in and of law lends itself to surprisingly complex problems of epistemology and power. Understanding through images is innate; most of us easily understand images without thinking. But arriving at mutually agreeable understandings of images is also difficult. Translating images into shared words leads to multiple problems inherent in translation and that pose problems for justice. Despite our saturated imagistic culture, we have not established methods to pursue that translation process with confidence. This article explains how images are intuitively understood and yet collectively inscrutable, posing unique problems for resolving legal conflicts that demand common and …
A Randomized Study Of How Physicians Interpret Research Funding Disclosures, Christopher Robertson
A Randomized Study Of How Physicians Interpret Research Funding Disclosures, Christopher Robertson
Faculty Scholarship
The effects of clinical-trial funding on the interpretation of trial results are poorly understood. We examined how such support affects physicians’ reactions to trials with a high, medium, or low level of methodologic rigor.
The Ppaca In Wonderland, Gary S. Lawson, David Kopel
The Ppaca In Wonderland, Gary S. Lawson, David Kopel
Faculty Scholarship
The question whether the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“PPACA”) is “unconstitutional” is thorny, not simply because it presents intriguing issues of interpretation but also because it starkly illustrates the ambiguity that often accompanies the word “unconstitutional.” The term can be, and often is, used to mean a wide range of things, from inconsistency with the Constitution’s text to inconsistency with a set of policy preferences. In this article, we briefly explore the range of meanings that attach to the term “unconstitutional,” as well as the problem of determining the “constitutionality” of a lengthy statute when only some portions …
No More Chipping Away: The Roberts Court Uses An Axe To Take Out The Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule, Tracey Maclin, Jennifer Marie Rader
No More Chipping Away: The Roberts Court Uses An Axe To Take Out The Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule, Tracey Maclin, Jennifer Marie Rader
Faculty Scholarship
This article considers the current status of the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule under the Roberts Court, as well as what the future holds for the rule. Despite Justice Kennedy’s 2006 declaration that “the continued operation of the exclusionary rule, as settled and defined by our precedents, is not in doubt,” this Article demonstrates why this is not the case. Kennedy’s statement is noteworthy and has been accorded substantial weight primarily because it was made at a time when it was thought that four Justices (Chief Justice Roberts, and Justices Scalia, Thomas, and Alito) were prepared to announce the demise of …
The Private And Social Costs Of Patent Trolls, Michael J. Meurer, James Bessen, Jennifer Ford
The Private And Social Costs Of Patent Trolls, Michael J. Meurer, James Bessen, Jennifer Ford
Faculty Scholarship
The emergence of nonpracticing entities (NPEs) — firms that purchase and hold patent rights but neither innovate themselves nor use the patents in the production of goods — is supposed to incentivize innovation by providing a ready market for innovators. We test this idea empirically and find that NPEs produce little returns for innovators or for their own shareholders, but they place significant costs on productive firms that violate patents inadvertently. Indeed, it appears that NPEs — often disparagingly called “patent trolls” — discourage productive firms from innovating for fear that they will then be subject to a patent troll …
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
Faculty Scholarship
In this Article, we explore the proclamations that have been made about an emerging “post-racial” society within the context of workplace anti-discrimination law. Specifically, as the title of our panel for this symposium asks, we inquire: What is the significance of having a biracial, black-white president (or more specifically, the first self-identified black president) to the enforcement of antidiscrimination law? What impact, if any, has President Barack Obama’s campaign for the presidency and election as president had on discrimination in the workplace? Based in part on our review of discrimination cases in which President Obama’s name has been invoked—in most …
Do Female “Firsts” Still Matter?: Why They Do For Women Of Color, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Amber Shanahan-Fricke
Do Female “Firsts” Still Matter?: Why They Do For Women Of Color, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Amber Shanahan-Fricke
Faculty Scholarship
This Article argues that diversifying the federal judiciary with more women and men of color, but particularly with more women of color, is essential to moving forward and strengthening this country’s democracy. Specifically, this Article responds to arguments by prominent feminists that having female “firsts” on the bench is not as critical as having the “right” women on the bench—“right” meaning those women who are invested in and supportive of what are traditionally viewed as women’s issues. In so responding, this Article acknowledges the appeal of such arguments regarding judicial service from the “right” women, but contends that, while achieving …
Taking Stock Ten Years In: Coin, Casualties, And Costs In The Long War - An Introduction, Robert D. Sloane
Taking Stock Ten Years In: Coin, Casualties, And Costs In The Long War - An Introduction, Robert D. Sloane
Faculty Scholarship
On October 7, 2001, almost exactly a decade prior to the date of the conference from which the following symposium contributions derive, former President George W. Bush ordered airstrikes on Kabul and Kandahar,' inaugurating hostilities in what has become the longest war in U.S. history. By early December 2001, the Taliban had lost effective control over any significant part of Afghanistan's territory and with it any plausible claim to represent Afghanistan's government under traditional principles of international law.2 President Bush formally declared victory on June 15, 2004, during a speech in which he praised Afghanistan's interim leader and now President …
Contingent Compensation Of Post-Conviction Counsel: A Modest Proposal To Identify Meritorious Claims And Reduce Wasteful Government Spending, Christopher Robertson
Contingent Compensation Of Post-Conviction Counsel: A Modest Proposal To Identify Meritorious Claims And Reduce Wasteful Government Spending, Christopher Robertson
Faculty Scholarship
This contribution to a symposium on post-conviction litigation argues that the lack of properly-incentivized counsel is a primary problem with our failing system of habeas litigation. The lack of counsel causes a great flood of frivolous petitions by pro se prisoners, while also preventing prisoners with meritorious claims from getting relief. The lack of counsel, and more fundamentally, the lack of funding therefor, thus perpetuates the problem of incarceration waste. Government-funded contingent compensation of post-conviction counsel may be the most promising way to help courts identify the bona fide cases deserving of relief, providing more accurate justice and saving money …
“We Have The Right Not To Be Rescued...”: When Anti-Trafficking Programmes Undermine The Health And Well-Being Of Sex Workers, Aziza Ahmed, Meena Seshu
“We Have The Right Not To Be Rescued...”: When Anti-Trafficking Programmes Undermine The Health And Well-Being Of Sex Workers, Aziza Ahmed, Meena Seshu
Faculty Scholarship
This paper highlights the impact of raid, rescue, and rehabilitation schemes on HIV programmes. It uses a case study of Veshya Anyay Mukti Parishad (VAMP), a sex workers collective in Sangli, India, to explore the impact of anti-trafficking efforts on HIV prevention programmes. The paper begins with an overview of the anti-trafficking movement emerging out of the United States. This U.S. based antitrafficking movement works in partnership with domestic Indian antitrafficking organisations to raid brothels to “rescue and rehabilitate” sex workers. Contrary to the purported goal of assisting women, the anti-trafficking projects that employ a raid, rescue, and rehabilitate model …
The Emerging Enforcement Practice Of The International Criminal Court, Hirad Abtahi, Steven Arrigg Koh
The Emerging Enforcement Practice Of The International Criminal Court, Hirad Abtahi, Steven Arrigg Koh
Faculty Scholarship
The dual enforcement regime of the International Criminal Court constitutes a fundamental pillar of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and represents a novel system within the history of international criminal law. This article is the first to focus on the emerging practice of the Court as it begins developing and implementing this unique enforcement regime. Drawing directly from the recent history within the Presidency and focusing on the current activities of the Trust Fund for Victims, this Article explains how, why, and in what direction the Court’s enforcement practice is evolving.
Who Bears The Cost Of Excessive Executive Compensation (And Other Corporate Agency Costs)?, David I. Walker
Who Bears The Cost Of Excessive Executive Compensation (And Other Corporate Agency Costs)?, David I. Walker
Faculty Scholarship
Managerial agency costs are ubiquitous in the modern public corporation. Agency costs arise from the separation of ownership and control and reflect the divergence between share-value-maximizing actions of managers and managers’ actual actions, plus the monitoring and bonding expenditures (including contracting costs) undertaken to reduce that divergence. Agency costs vary firm by firm, but regulatory actions and even business practices can have a systematic impact on agency costs. For example, increased or decreased enforcement of insider trading rules can affect agency costs across a wide spectrum of companies. Who bears the burden of corporate agency costs? Who gains or suffers …