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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Law
Severe Or Pervasive Should Not Mean Impossible And Unattainable: Why The "Severe Or Pervasive" Standard For A Claim Of Sexual Harassment And Discrimination Should Be Replaced With A Less Stringent And More Current Standard, Kristy D'Angelo-Corker
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Dehumanization 'Because Of Sex': The Multiaxial Approach To The Title Vii Rights Of Sexual Minorities, Shirley Lin
Dehumanization 'Because Of Sex': The Multiaxial Approach To The Title Vii Rights Of Sexual Minorities, Shirley Lin
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
Although Title VII prohibits discrimination against any employee “because of such individual’s . . . sex,” legal commentators have not yet accurately appraised Title VII’s trait and causation requirements embodied in that phrase. Since 2015, most courts assessing the sex discrimination claims of LGBT employees began to intentionally analyze “sex” as a trait using social-construction evidence, and evaluated separately whether the discriminatory motive caused the workplace harm. Responding to what this Article terms a “doctrinal correction” to causation within this groundswell of decisions, the Supreme Court recently issued an “expansive” and “sweeping” reformulation of but-for causation in Bostock v. Clayton …
Disrupting The Discrimination Narrative: An Argument For Wage And Hour Laws' Inclusion In Antisubordination Advocacy, Llezlie Green
Disrupting The Discrimination Narrative: An Argument For Wage And Hour Laws' Inclusion In Antisubordination Advocacy, Llezlie Green
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
The traditional discrimination narrative dominates both legal and popular understanding of workplace exploitation of African American workers. This narrative, however, is incomplete as it fails to consider other chronic workplace challenges such as wage theft. The dominant narrative draws upon an anticlassification framework rather than an antisubordination framework. In addition, post-racial legal analyses complicate the dominant narrative’s utility, particularly in a system plagued by structural inequality. Furthermore, both its legal underpinnings and the normative realities of pursuing discrimination claims challenge its efficacy in addressing workplace subordination. Wage theft has largely characterized only the immigrant worker exploitation narrative, despite wage theft’s …
A Battle Over Statutory Interpretation: Title Vii And Claims Of Sexual Orientation And Gender Identity Discrimination, Arthur S. Leonard
A Battle Over Statutory Interpretation: Title Vii And Claims Of Sexual Orientation And Gender Identity Discrimination, Arthur S. Leonard
Other Publications
No abstract provided.
Justice Kennedy's Big New Idea, Sandra F. Sperino
Justice Kennedy's Big New Idea, Sandra F. Sperino
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
In a 2015 case, the Supreme Court held that plaintiffs could bring disparate impact claims under the Fair Housing Act (the "FHA"). In the majority opinion, Justice Kennedy relied heavily on the text and supporting case law interpreting Title VII of the Civil Rights Act ("Title VII") and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (the "ADEA '). Without explicitly recognizing the powerful new idea he was advocating, Justice Kennedy's majority opinion radically reconceptualized federal employment discrimination jurisprudence. This new reading of Title VII and the ADEA changes both the theoretical framing of the discrimination statutes and greatly expands their scope. …
"Other Than Honorable" Discrimination, Marcy L. Karin
"Other Than Honorable" Discrimination, Marcy L. Karin
Journal Articles
The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) is the most comprehensive federal civil rights law that exists related to the workplace. Its goal is to help people who serve in the military reintegrate back into civilian work and remain attached to the workforce. It does so by offering a mix of anti-discrimination protection and labor standards. Despite the promise of robust reemployment rights and post-service assistance, Congress has excluded people with a certain “character of service,” including those with “other than honorable” separations, from these protections. This statutory exclusion has a disparate impact on people with service-connected disabilities, …
What's So Reasonable About Reasonableness? Rejecting A Case Law-Centered Approach To Title Vii's Reasonable Belief Doctrine, Matthew W. Green Jr.
What's So Reasonable About Reasonableness? Rejecting A Case Law-Centered Approach To Title Vii's Reasonable Belief Doctrine, Matthew W. Green Jr.
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
The article critiques recent application of the reasonable belief doctrine under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Title VII’s anti-retaliation provision, in pertinent part, provides that “it shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to discriminate against any of his employees … because he has opposed any practice made an unlawful employment practice [under Title VII].” Literally read, the provision requires that an employee oppose a practice Title VII actually makes unlawful. If the employee does so and is retaliated against, the statute affords the employee relief. While the U.S. courts of appeals have …
Title Vii Works - That's Why We Don't Like It, Chuck Henson
Title Vii Works - That's Why We Don't Like It, Chuck Henson
Faculty Publications
In response to the universal belief that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is not fulfilling its purpose, this Article presents a different perspective on the reality of this federal employment discrimination law. Title VII is fulfilling the purpose of the Congress that created it. The purpose was not the eradication of all discrimination in employment. The purpose was to balance the prohibition of the most obvious forms of discrimination with the preservation of as much employer decision-making latitude as possible. Moreover, the seminal Supreme Court decision, McDonnell Douglas v. Green, accurately implemented this balance. This Article …
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
The Obama Effect: Specialized Meanings In Anti-Discrimination Law, Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Mario Barnes
Faculty Scholarship
In this Article, we explore the proclamations that have been made about an emerging “post-racial” society within the context of workplace anti-discrimination law. Specifically, as the title of our panel for this symposium asks, we inquire: What is the significance of having a biracial, black-white president (or more specifically, the first self-identified black president) to the enforcement of antidiscrimination law? What impact, if any, has President Barack Obama’s campaign for the presidency and election as president had on discrimination in the workplace? Based in part on our review of discrimination cases in which President Obama’s name has been invoked—in most …
Race, Sex And Genes At Work: Uncovering The Lessons Of Norman-Bloodsaw, Elizabeth Pendo
Race, Sex And Genes At Work: Uncovering The Lessons Of Norman-Bloodsaw, Elizabeth Pendo
All Faculty Scholarship
The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (“GINA”) is the first federal, uniform protection against the use of genetic information in both the workplace and health insurance. Signed into law on May 21, 2008, GINA prohibits an employer or health insurer from acquiring or using an individual’s genetic information, with some exceptions. One of the goals of GINA is to eradicate actual, or perceived, discrimination based on genetic information in the workplace and in health insurance. Although the threat of genetic discrimination is often discussed in universal terms - as something that could happen to any of us - the …
Show Me The Money The Applicability Of Contract Laws Ratification And Tenderback Doctrines To Title Vii Releases, Daniel P. O'Gorman
Show Me The Money The Applicability Of Contract Laws Ratification And Tenderback Doctrines To Title Vii Releases, Daniel P. O'Gorman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Summary Judgment Rates Over Time, Across Case Categories, And Across Districts: An Empirical Study Of Three Large Federal Districts, Theodore Eisenberg, Charlotte Lanvers
Summary Judgment Rates Over Time, Across Case Categories, And Across Districts: An Empirical Study Of Three Large Federal Districts, Theodore Eisenberg, Charlotte Lanvers
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
Prior research on summary judgment hypothesizes a substantial increase in summary judgment rates after a trilogy of Supreme Court cases in 1986 and a disproportionate adverse effect of summary judgment on civil rights cases. This article analyzes summary judgment rates in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (EDPA) and the Northern District of Georgia (NDGA), for two time periods, 1980-81 and 2001-02. It also analyzes summary judgment rates for the Central District of California (CDCA) for 1980-81 and for other civil rights cases in the CDCA in 1975-76. The combined sample consists of over 5,000 cases. The three-district sample for 1980-81 …
Do Cognitive Biases Affect Adjudication?: A Study Of Labor Arbitrators (With Monica Biernat), Martin H. Malin, Monica Biernat
Do Cognitive Biases Affect Adjudication?: A Study Of Labor Arbitrators (With Monica Biernat), Martin H. Malin, Monica Biernat
All Faculty Scholarship
Labor arbitrators were presented with four cases to decide, each involving a challenge to discipline or discharge of an employee resulting from a work-family conflict. Arbitrators were randomly given versions of the cases in which the gender and one other characteristivc of the employee were varied. The results showed little evidence of direct gender bias in decision-making but did reflect bias against single parents and employees with eldercare, as opposed to childcare, responsibilities. Implications for other adjudicators, including judges, jurors and administrative agency officials are discussed.
How Employment Discrimination Plaintiffs Fare In Federal Court, Kevin M. Clermont, Stewart J. Schwab
How Employment Discrimination Plaintiffs Fare In Federal Court, Kevin M. Clermont, Stewart J. Schwab
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
This article presents the full range of information that the Administrative Office’s data convey on federal employment discrimination litigation. From that information, the authors tell three stories about (1) bringing these claims, (2) their outcome in the district court, and (3) the effect of appeal. Each of these stories is a sad one for employment discrimination plaintiffs: relatively often, the numerous plaintiffs must pursue their claims all the way through trial, which is usually a jury trial; at both pretrial and trial these plaintiffs lose disproportionately often, in all the various types of employment discrimination cases; and employment discrimination litigants …
The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990 - Progeny Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964, Robert Dinerstein
The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990 - Progeny Of The Civil Rights Act Of 1964, Robert Dinerstein
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
No abstract provided.
Section 4: Civil Rights & Employment Law, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Section 4: Civil Rights & Employment Law, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Supreme Court Preview
No abstract provided.
Critical Interventions: Toward An Expansive Equality Approach To The Doctrine Of Good Faith In Contract Law, Emily Houh
Critical Interventions: Toward An Expansive Equality Approach To The Doctrine Of Good Faith In Contract Law, Emily Houh
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
This article argues that courts should use the doctrine of good faith in contract law to prohibit improper considerations of race in contract formation and performance, and should recognize good faith as a device for eliminating racial subordination that can function beyond the scope of conventional civil rights discourse. Although civil rights laws provide important remedies to victims of discrimination, the elimination of racial subordination cannot remain the exclusive domain of civil rights law. Rather, other substantive areas of law can and should incorporate expansive equality principles to achieve that end. For example, this article demonstrates how the implied obligation …
The Struggle For Sex Equality In Sport And The Theory Behind Title Ix, Deborah Brake
The Struggle For Sex Equality In Sport And The Theory Behind Title Ix, Deborah Brake
Articles
Title IX's three-part test for measuring discrimination in the provision of athletic opportunities to male and female students has generated heated controversy in recent years. In this Article, Professor Brake discusses the theoretical underpinnings behind the three-part test and offers a comprehensive justification of this theory as applied to the context of sport. She begins with an analysis of the test's relationship to other areas of sex discrimination law, concluding that, unlike most contexts, Title IX rejects formal equality as its guiding theory, adopting instead an approach that focuses on the institutional structures that subordinate girls and women in sport. …
Discrimination Cases In The 2000 Term, Eileen Kaufman
Discrimination Cases In The 2000 Term, Eileen Kaufman
Scholarly Works
No abstract provided.
Section 4: Civil Rights & Employment Law, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Section 4: Civil Rights & Employment Law, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Supreme Court Preview
No abstract provided.
Reagan Redux: Civil Rights Under Bush, Neal Devins
Reagan Redux: Civil Rights Under Bush, Neal Devins
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
United States V. Paradise, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
United States V. Paradise, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
Seniority Rights Vs. Racial Quotas, Neal Devins
Velde V. National Black Police Association, Inc., Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Velde V. National Black Police Association, Inc., Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
California Brewers Assn. V. Bryant, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
California Brewers Assn. V. Bryant, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
New York City Transit Authority V. Beazer, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
New York City Transit Authority V. Beazer, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
United Steelworkers Of America, Afl-Cio-Clc V. Weber, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
United Steelworkers Of America, Afl-Cio-Clc V. Weber, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
Differential Pass-Fail Rates In Employment Testing: Statistical Proof Under Title Vii, Elaine W. Shoben
Differential Pass-Fail Rates In Employment Testing: Statistical Proof Under Title Vii, Elaine W. Shoben
Scholarly Works
In this Comment, Professor Shoben advocates the use of a statistical technique—a test of the difference between independent proportions—to assess the substantiality of differences in pass rates among various groups on employment tests, in order to facilitate determination of disproportionate impact under title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. She then compares this method with the procedure adopted in the Federal Executive Agency Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures and suggests several flaws in the latter approach.
City Of Los Angeles Department Of Water & Power V. Manhart, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
City Of Los Angeles Department Of Water & Power V. Manhart, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
International Brotherhood Of Teamsters V. United States, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
International Brotherhood Of Teamsters V. United States, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.