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Articles 31 - 60 of 152
Full-Text Articles in Law
Tort-Related Risk Costs And The Hand Formula For Negligence, Richard S. Markovits
Tort-Related Risk Costs And The Hand Formula For Negligence, Richard S. Markovits
Richard S. Markovits
No abstract provided.
Background (Fixed-Cost) Avoidance-Choices, Foreground (Variable-Cost) Avoidance-Choices, And The Economically Efficient Approach For Courts To Take To Marine-Salvage Cases: A Positive Analysis And Related Critique Of Landes And Posner’S Classic Study, Richard S. Markovits
Richard S. Markovits
No abstract provided.
Background (Fixed-Cost) Avoidance-Choices, Foreground (Variable-Cost) Avoidance-Choices, And The Economically Efficient Approach For Courts To Take To Marine-Salvage Cases: A Positive Analysis And Related Critique Of Landes And Posner’S Classic Study, Richard S. Markovits
Richard S. Markovits
No abstract provided.
Ending The Korematsu Era: A Modern Approach, Craig Green
Ending The Korematsu Era: A Modern Approach, Craig Green
Roger Craig Green
This Article seeks to transform how readers think of Korematsu v. United States, thereby offering a more accurate view of the past and stronger barriers against presidential abuse. Korematsu is conventionally listed among the worst cases in American law, but its wrongness is understood far too narrowly. If Korematsu were just a case about racist internments, it would be a truly unique blot in Supreme Court history: powerfully mistaken but almost completely irrelevant to modern legal disputes.
Despite Korematsu’s extraordinary facts, the case stands in a thematic cluster of cases from World War II that I will call the “Korematsu …
Dialectical Jurisprudence: Aristotle And The Concept Of Law, John T. Valauri
Dialectical Jurisprudence: Aristotle And The Concept Of Law, John T. Valauri
John T. Valauri
This article offers a therapy for modern analytic legal philosophy’s bipolar disorder, a disorder manifested in the tendency to approach and analyze philosophical topics as dueling dichotomies, incapable of resolution or reconciliation. The upshot of this situation has been the division of Anglo-American legal philosophy into two warring camps—positivist and non-positivist. Through an examination of puzzles involving conceptual analysis and legal rules, this article suggests a dialectical alternative to the bipolar disorder, an alternative inspired by Aristotle’s practical philosophy. This dialectical jurisprudence seeks to change the pursuit of the nature of law from a search for necessary and sufficient conditions …
Conceptual Analysis In Science And Law, Aaron Rappaport
Conceptual Analysis In Science And Law, Aaron Rappaport
Aaron Rappaport
Ever since H. L. A. Hart’s magisterial work, The Concept of Law, conceptual analysis has been viewed as the dominant method of doing jurisprudence. Far less appreciated is the fact that it is also a central tool in the field of cognitive science. That may be surprising to some, given the differences in these disciplines’ mission: Legal theorists struggle with abstract questions about the “nature” of Law and Justice; cognitive scientists explore the workings of the human mind. If cognitive scientists and legal philosophers are doing different things when they do conceptual analysis, how do they differ? This paper offers …
Democracy At The Corner Of First And Fourteenth: Judicial Campaign Spending And Equality, James Sample
Democracy At The Corner Of First And Fourteenth: Judicial Campaign Spending And Equality, James Sample
James Sample
This Article posits that the Supreme Court’s recent decision in Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co., Inc., which recognized that substantial independent expenditures in support of a judicial candidate present threats to judicial impartiality similar to those posed by direct contributions, suggests that guaranteeing due process of law in state courts presents a compelling state interest justifying the regulation of spending in judicial elections.
The Supreme Court’s landmark decision in Buckley v. Valeo is understood to hold that only an “anti-corruption” rationale can justify campaign finance regulations, and to draw a rigid distinction between political campaign “expenditures” and “contributions,” holding …
Smoke, Mirrors & Contract Law, Danielle K. Hart
Smoke, Mirrors & Contract Law, Danielle K. Hart
Danielle K Hart
Abstract: Contract law is set up to be transaction enforcing, that is, to be binding. Binding means two different but related things. First, “binding” means that the contract is valid as between the parties (because it satisfies contract law’s formation requirements) and, second, it means that the rights and obligations set forth in that contract will be enforced by the state on behalf of one of the parties over the objection of the other, now resisting party. Modern contract law uses several well-established assumptions about the contracting parties, including the way they behave when contracting, and the roles of the …
The Good, The Law, And The Municipal Ideal - An Integrative Developmental View Of The Case Of The Speluncean Explorers And The Crisis Of Meaning In Western Jurisprudence, Sean S. Yang
Sean S Yang
For centuries, law had been understood as something sacred, transcendent, a set of righteous directives emanating from a divine authority. Less than three hundred years ago, something strange happened. A handful of humans began to think a new type of thought: they conceived the law as a self-contained system understandable on its own terms, its merit determined only by its consistency with "reason," the correctness and supremacy of which was self-evident. Less than one hundred years ago, something even stranger occurred: another handful of humans directed their attention to thought itself and began creating knowledge about knowledge, writing language about …
Fueling The Coal War--The Courts, The Feds, And The Epa: Who Is In A Better Position To Curb Coal-Related Pollution?, Corwyn Davis
Fueling The Coal War--The Courts, The Feds, And The Epa: Who Is In A Better Position To Curb Coal-Related Pollution?, Corwyn Davis
Corwyn M Davis
ABSTRACT: With the United States’ continued and growing dependence on the use of coal for energy production, it is vital that the country examines ways to eliminate coal wastes more efficiently. The courts have varying opinions on who should ultimately bear responsibility for environmental torts connected with carbon pollution. With greenhouse gases and global warming stealing the environmental spotlight, the equally hazardous nature of coal combustion waste disposal has taken a back door to national policy reform. This paper introduces the problems associated with the disposal of this hazardous by-product. By analyzing the status quo of environmental regulation, it becomes …
Are Arbitrators Above The Law? The "Manifest Disregard Of The Law" Standard, Michael Leroy
Are Arbitrators Above The Law? The "Manifest Disregard Of The Law" Standard, Michael Leroy
Michael H LeRoy
Arbitration is supposed to be final and binding. But federal and state laws, and judicial doctrines, allow courts to vacate arbitrator awards. This study contemplates the role of courts when they review awards that “manifestly disregard the law”— a term that means the arbitrator knew the law but chose to ignore it. Given the norm of arbitral finality, should courts vacate these rulings?
Hall Street Associates v. Mattel, Inc., 552 U.S. 576 (2008), failed to answer this question. The parties asked a court to review their award for errors of law. This standard is not in the Federal Arbitration Act …
The Rhetoric Of Originalism, David Finkelstein
The Rhetoric Of Originalism, David Finkelstein
David Finkelstein
Justice Stevens has recently observed that originalism "holds out objectivity and restraint as its cardinal and, it seems, only virtues." McDonald v. City of Chicago, Ill., 130 S.Ct. 3020, 3118 (2010) (Stevens, J., dissenting). This article critically examines the notion that non-originalist methods of interpretation invite subjectivity into the process and are therefore insufficient to constrain. I suggest that the originalist's dissatisfaction with ordinary methods of interpretation rests of bad philosophy of language, and that properly thought through, Wittgenstein's rule-following considerations point to a better way of thinking about meaning in general, and legal interpretation in particular.
The Bible And The Constitution, Brad Jacob
The Bible And The Constitution, Brad Jacob
Robert Weston Ash
ABSTRACT
The Bible and the Constitution Prof. Bradley P. Jacob
Is the United States Constitution consistent with the Holy Bible? For many people today, and especially for most lawyers, legal scholars and judges, the question is both irrelevant and silly. Their answer would be a simple, “Who cares?”
Yet there are some – Christian judges, lawyers and legal scholars – for whom the question matters a great deal. It matters to anyone who follows the tradition of Thomas Aquinas, William Blackstone, and Martin Luther King, Jr., in holding that a human law that violates God’s eternal principles of justice is …
The Lavender Letter: Applying The Law Of Adultery To Same-Sex Couples And Same-Sex Conduct, Peter Nicolas
The Lavender Letter: Applying The Law Of Adultery To Same-Sex Couples And Same-Sex Conduct, Peter Nicolas
Peter Nicolas
In this manuscript, I examine the question whether the law of adultery applies to same-sex extramarital conduct, which has divided courts nationwide. While the case law to date has been sparse—since the issue has only arisen in the context of opposite-sex marriages in which one spouse has an extramarital same-sex relationship—with the growth in the number of states recognizing same-sex marriage, the question is certain to recur with increased frequency.
In the manuscript, I examine the question in four different contexts: criminal adultery prosecutions, fault-based divorce actions, civil tort actions for interference with the marital relationship, and murder cases raising …
Ricci V. Destefano And Disparate Treatment: How The Case Makes Title Vii And The Equal Protection Clause Unworkable, Allen R. Kamp
Ricci V. Destefano And Disparate Treatment: How The Case Makes Title Vii And The Equal Protection Clause Unworkable, Allen R. Kamp
Allen R. Kamp
Abstract
Although early commentators have focused on Ricci’s discussion of disparate impact, I see what Ricci is saying about disparate treatment as being more important.
One can see Ricci as the case in which the Court came down in favor of one of two competing interpretations of the Equal Protection Clause and Title VII. The anti-subordination principle “is most concerned with actions of a majority race to intentionally subjugate members of a minority race . . . it is when government serves to ‘perpetuate . . . the subordinate status of a specially disadvantaged group that the Fourteenth Amendment is …
The Myth Of Religious Freedom: The Implications Of State Control Of Religious Expression In The Name Of Public Order, David N. Wagner
The Myth Of Religious Freedom: The Implications Of State Control Of Religious Expression In The Name Of Public Order, David N. Wagner
David N. Wagner
The state prevents certain religious expression in the name of public order. This article explores the state's role in providing an environment for persons to realize the fullness of their humanity as creatures made in the image and likeness of God.
Law As Referent, Craig G. Bateman
Law As Referent, Craig G. Bateman
C. G. Bateman
In this article I suggest that “the Law,” (hereinafter the LAW) can be most functionally understood as a conglomeration of referent ideals which emanate from the minds of law creators, and are the source of what we regularly understand as laws. I separate from the concept of the LAW the usual suspects of constitutions, codes, acts, and charters, etc. I separate these from their inceptional ideals and suggest we ascribe a label to these familiar kinds of categories such as “lower order laws,” being careful to confine our discussions of them with the exclusive use of a small “l” (law), …
A Model Of Legal Systems As Evolutionary Networks: Normative Complexity And Self-Organization Of Clusters Of Rules, Carlo Garbarino
A Model Of Legal Systems As Evolutionary Networks: Normative Complexity And Self-Organization Of Clusters Of Rules, Carlo Garbarino
Carlo Garbarino
The paper draws both on legal theory and network science to explain how legal systems are structured and evolve. The basic proposition is that legal systems have a structure identifiable through a model of them in terms of networks of rules, and that their evolution is a property of their network structure. The paper is based on a model of rules which relies on the tenets of the network theory to describe how legal change unfolds within the network structure of legal systems. Section 1 presents an outline of current literature on the application of network theory to legal systems. …
Samantar V. Yousuf: Development In The Laws Governing Civil Torture Claims In U.S. Courts., Solomon Shinerock
Samantar V. Yousuf: Development In The Laws Governing Civil Torture Claims In U.S. Courts., Solomon Shinerock
Solomon B. Shinerock
The Supreme Court’s recent opinion in Samantar v. Yousuf forecloses one possible avenue by which former foreign-government officials residing in the United States have sought to escape liability for human rights violations. Ruling simply that the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 does not provide immunity to individuals, the decision raises the question of what common law principles will govern the issue in the future. This article reviews the case and the common law doctrines that are likely to figure prominently in future civil suits alleging torture. Ultimately, the Samantar decision read together with existing principles of domestic and international …
Jefferson's "Laws Of Nature": Newtonian Influence And The Dual Valence Of Jurisprudence And Science, Allen P. Mendenhall
Jefferson's "Laws Of Nature": Newtonian Influence And The Dual Valence Of Jurisprudence And Science, Allen P. Mendenhall
Allen Mendenhall
Jefferson appears to have conceived of natural law rather differently from his predecessors - namely, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Richard Hooker, Hugo Grotius, Samuel von Pufendorf, John Locke, and, among others, William Blackstone. This particular pedigree looked to divine decree or moral order to anchor natural law philosophy. But Jefferson’s various writings, most notably the Declaration and Notes on the State of Virginia, champion the thinking of a natural historian, a man who celebrated reason and scientific method, who extolled fact over fancy, material over the immaterial, observation over superstition, and experiment over divine revelation. They reveal, in other words, an …
Delivering The Goods: Herein Of Mead, Delegations, And Authority, Patrick Mckinley Brennan
Delivering The Goods: Herein Of Mead, Delegations, And Authority, Patrick Mckinley Brennan
Patrick McKinley Brennan
This paper argues, first, that the natural law position, according to which it is the function of human law and political authorities to instantiate certain individual goods and the common good of the political community, does not entail judges' having the power or authority to speak the natural law directly. It goes on to argue, second, that lawmaking power/authority must be delegated by the people or their representatives. It then argues, third, that success in making law depends not just on the exercise of delegated power/authority, but also on the exercise of care and deliberation or, in the article's terms, …
Rights, Privileges And Access To Information, Alina Ng
Rights, Privileges And Access To Information, Alina Ng
Alina Ng
Protecting property rights in creative works represent a classic institutional approach to a specific economic problem of non-rivalness and non-excludability of information. By providing the copyright owner with an enforceable right against non-paying members of society, copyright laws encourage the production and dissemination of literary and artistic works to society for the purposes of learning. Implicit in the grant of property rights is the assumption that commercial incentives foster creative activity and productivity. In recent years, literary and artistic works have increasingly become the subject matter of exclusive property rights and control, particularly as new technologies emerge to provide users …
A Good Score?: Examining 20 Years Of Drug Courts In The United States And Abroad, Kimberly Y.W. Holst
A Good Score?: Examining 20 Years Of Drug Courts In The United States And Abroad, Kimberly Y.W. Holst
Kimberly Y.W. Holst
In 2009, we saw the passing of the twentieth anniversary of drug courts in the United States, this timing presents an opportune moment to review the state of drug courts in the United States and the development of drug courts internationally. While the United States has served as a model and a leader in the creation and development of drug courts, countries all over the world have tweaked the United States’ model and have altered the landscape in the structure and development of drug courts. Section II of this article briefly discusses the development and current status of drug courts …
Lawyers' Ideal Psychological Type Preferences, Marko Novak
Lawyers' Ideal Psychological Type Preferences, Marko Novak
Marko Novak
By indicating typical characteristics of certain areas of law, it seems that we are able to indicate some ideal preferences that persons that are engaged in such have or should have. Moreover, when some specific characteristics are emphasized as typical, and if as such they have been proved historically as important for the well-functioning of a legal field, then such can be called preferred or even ideal. Thus, in this article, I am trying to indicate those preferences in lawyer’s psychological types that make them good lawyers generally, and also specifically regarding their special area of interest within law.
Words, Meanings, And Plain Language Interpretation, John Zingarelli
Words, Meanings, And Plain Language Interpretation, John Zingarelli
John Zingarelli
Courts routinely decide cases in accordance with the Plain Language Rule, which requires a literal interpretation of statutes wherever such statements are clear and do not lead to a result manifestly at odds with the intent of the legislation. The rule directs that once a plain meaning has been obtained further interpretation should cease, and that a court should consider no non-statutory material that would serve to destabilize or change the plain meaning. The rule, however, ignores an insight that has become fundamental to lexicography. More than 250 years ago Samuel Johnson demonstrated in his Dictionary of the English Language …
Never Say Never: Searching For Common Ground Between Muslim And Western Nations On The Issues Of Human Dignity And Human Rights, Travis Weber
Travis Weber
Travis Weber 3736 Silina Drive Virginia Beach, VA 23452 703-470-5411 tsweber@gmail.com May 4, 2010 To Whom It May Concern: Enclosed is an abstract for my article, entitled Never Say Never: Searching for Common Ground Between Muslim and Western Nations on the Issues of Human Dignity and Human Rights. My article examines the gap between Islamic and Western views of human rights, explores how this gap developed, and briefly reviews how different theories of jurisprudence would approach this gap. Due to the current world-wide increase in religious activity, including the prominence of Islam, and the version of morality that Islam brings …
Sodom's Shadow: The Uncertain Line Between Public And Private Morality, Todd E. Pettys
Sodom's Shadow: The Uncertain Line Between Public And Private Morality, Todd E. Pettys
Todd E. Pettys
In citizens’ debates about issues of public policy, we frequently encounter what this Article calls the divine accountability thesis—the controversial claim that the divine realm will punish a city, state, or nation unless it performs or proscribes certain forms of conduct. Many of us reject that claim, but its persistent usage in numerous societies over the past five thousand years teaches us a great deal about citizens’ political self-conceptions. This Article begins by arguing that the divine accountability thesis illustrates human beings’ deeply ingrained tendency to regard their political communities as discrete moral entities, individually deserving of punishment or reward. …
Because The Cart Situates The Horse: Unrecognized Movements Underlying The Indian Supreme Court’S Internalization Of International Environmental Law, Saptarishi Bandopadhyay
Because The Cart Situates The Horse: Unrecognized Movements Underlying The Indian Supreme Court’S Internalization Of International Environmental Law, Saptarishi Bandopadhyay
Saptarishi Bandopadhyay
The text that follows is intended to serve as an examination of the approaches and methods employed by the Indian Supreme Court in its effort to integrate international environmental norms such as the principle of Sustainable Development, the Precautionary Principle and the Polluter Pays Principle as part of the existing body of binding, municipal rules in India. Virtually all of Indian legal jurisprudence that speaks to this subject has been developed by the Supreme Court. Likewise, in no small part for this contribution, the Court has developed a reputation for being an activist institution that has since the mid 1980s …
The Dialectic Of The Hurricane Katrina 9-11 Fund, Omari Sinclair
The Dialectic Of The Hurricane Katrina 9-11 Fund, Omari Sinclair
Omari Sinclair
This article unravels the dialectic concerning whether there should be a 9/11 fund for Hurricane Katrina victims. Part I illustrates the 9/11 fund's unique dynamic - a hybrid of both enterprise liability and corrective justice - and why such a fund was instituted for the victims of 9/11. Part II illustrates how Hurricane Katrina's similarities to 9/11 might warrant a similiar fund structure. Part III explains the implications of establishing such a fund for Hurricane Katrina victims. And Part IV elucidates whether this is a practicable option.
The Supreme Appointment: Visionaries Need Not Apply, Charles W. Rhodes
The Supreme Appointment: Visionaries Need Not Apply, Charles W. Rhodes
Charles W Rhodes
The recent announcement of Justice John Paul Stevens that he would retire at the end of the October 2009 Term has instigated the typical media frenzy of shortlists and speculation regarding the identity of the next nominee to the United States Supreme Court. Will President Barack Obama make a bold nomination of a liberal judicial visionary to battle Justices Scalia and Thomas? Will he nominate a political officeholder who will bring a new perspective on the role of the Court? Or will he follow the recent tradition of nominating a sitting federal appellate court judge with a prestigious academic and …