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Articles 31 - 60 of 121
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Unintended Consequences Of California Proposition 47: Reducing Law Enforcement’S Ability To Solve Serious, Violent Crimes, Shelby Kail
Pepperdine Law Review
For many years, DNA databases have helped solve countless serious, violent crimes by connecting low-level offenders to unsolved crimes. Because the passage of Proposition 47 reduced several low-level crimes to misdemeanors, which do not qualify for DNA sample collection, Proposition 47 has severely limited law enforcement’s ability to solve serious, violent crimes through California’s DNA database and reliable DNA evidence. This powerful law enforcement tool must be preserved to prevent additional crimes from being committed, to exonerate the innocent, and to provide victims with closure through conviction of their assailants or offenders. Proposition 47’s unintended consequences have led to devastating …
Adjudicated Juveniles And Collateral Relief, Joshua A. Tepfer, Laura H. Nirider
Adjudicated Juveniles And Collateral Relief, Joshua A. Tepfer, Laura H. Nirider
Maine Law Review
Collateral relief is a vital part of the American criminal justice system. By filing post-conviction petitions after the close of direct appeal, defendants can raise claims based on evidence outside the record that was not known or available at the time of trial. One common use of post-conviction relief is to file a claim related to a previously unknown constitutional violation that occurred at trial, such as ineffective assistance of counsel. If a defendant’s trial attorney performed ineffectively by failing to call, for instance, an alibi witness, then that omission is unlikely to be reflected in the trial record—but in …
Weird Science: Frankenstein Foods And States As Laboratories Of Democracy, Jennifer Mcgee
Weird Science: Frankenstein Foods And States As Laboratories Of Democracy, Jennifer Mcgee
Journal of Law and Health
The National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard (the 'National Standard') was signed into law July 29, 2016. This Article analyzes the National Standard and posits that Vermont’s Act 120 was a more effective labeling law because it safeguarded consumer sovereignty. The State regulatory scheme in place prior to the passage of the National Standard satisfied consumer demand for disclosure while allowing for necessary experimentation with GMO labeling. Part I provides an overview of the current federal scheme regulating GMOs. Part II analyzes of the conflict surrounding GMOs and labeling. Given that analysis, Part III compares the disclosure requirement of the National …
Crispr: Redefining Gmos—One Edit At A Time, Eric E. Williams
Crispr: Redefining Gmos—One Edit At A Time, Eric E. Williams
University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Privacy, Probability, And Political Pitfalls Of Universal Dna Collection, Meghan J. Ryan
The Privacy, Probability, And Political Pitfalls Of Universal Dna Collection, Meghan J. Ryan
SMU Science and Technology Law Review
Watson and Crick’s discovery of the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in 1953 launched a truth-finding mission not only in science but also in the law. Just thirty years later–after the science had evolved–DNA evidence was being introduced in criminal courts. Today, DNA evidence is heavily relied on in criminal and related cases. It is routinely introduced in murder and rape cases as evidence of guilt; DNA databases have grown as even arrestees have been required to surrender DNA samples; and this evidence has been used to exonerate hundreds of convicted individuals. DNA evidence is generally revered as the “gold …
Regulating Human Germline Modification In Light Of Crispr, Sarah Ashley Barnett
Regulating Human Germline Modification In Light Of Crispr, Sarah Ashley Barnett
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Crime Lab In The Age Of The Genetic Panopticon, Brandon L. Garrett
The Crime Lab In The Age Of The Genetic Panopticon, Brandon L. Garrett
Michigan Law Review
Review of Unfair: The New Science of Criminal Injustice by Adam Benforado, Inside the Cell: The Dark Side of Forensic DNA by Erin E. Murphy, and Cops in Lab Coats: Curbing Wrongful Convictions Through Independent Forensic Laboratories by Sandra Guerra Thompson.
Scandal, Fraud, And The Reform Of Forensic Science: The Case Of Fingerprint Analysis, Simon A. Cole
Scandal, Fraud, And The Reform Of Forensic Science: The Case Of Fingerprint Analysis, Simon A. Cole
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Innocent Suffering: The Unavailability Of Post-Conviction Relief In Virginia Courts, Kaitlyn Potter
Innocent Suffering: The Unavailability Of Post-Conviction Relief In Virginia Courts, Kaitlyn Potter
University of Richmond Law Review
This comment examines actual innocence in Virginia: the progress it has made, the problems it still faces, and the possibilities for reform. Part I addresses past reform to the system, spurred by the shocking tales of Thomas Haynesworth and others. Part II identifies three of the most prevalent systemic challenges marring Virginia's justice system: (1) flawed scientific evidence; (2) the premature destruction of evidence; and (3) false confessions and guilty pleas. Part III suggests ways in which Virginia can, and should, address these challenges to ensure that the justice system is actually serving justice.
Impeding Access To Quality Patient Care And Patient Rights: How Myriad Genetics' Gene Patents Are Unknowingly Killing Cancer Patients And How To Calm The Ripple Effect, Marisa Noelle Pins
Impeding Access To Quality Patient Care And Patient Rights: How Myriad Genetics' Gene Patents Are Unknowingly Killing Cancer Patients And How To Calm The Ripple Effect, Marisa Noelle Pins
Journal of Intellectual Property Law
No abstract provided.
Useless Information: Genetic Patenting, The Usefulness Requirement, And The Effect On The “Big Freeze”, David T. Bennett
Useless Information: Genetic Patenting, The Usefulness Requirement, And The Effect On The “Big Freeze”, David T. Bennett
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This note considers the current state of affairs regarding patentability in the field of biotechnology, especially that of genes and DNA. Part II gives a brief background of patents in general, including the requirements that must be met for a patent to be granted, the way in which the patent process works, and the options available to a patent holder once a patent has been granted. Part III explores the history of biotechnology patents. Part IV takes a look at the relationship between patents and biotechnology, and sheds light on some of the common arguments both in favor of and …
Recombinant Dna And The Regulation Of Biotechnology: Reflections On The Asilomar Conference, Ten Years After, John E. Barkstrom
Recombinant Dna And The Regulation Of Biotechnology: Reflections On The Asilomar Conference, Ten Years After, John E. Barkstrom
Akron Law Review
The year 1985 marks the tenth anniversary of the International Conference on Recombinant DNA Molecules held at the Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California in late February, 1975. The entire field of genetic engineering technology or "gene splicing" is not much older than the Conference itself. Many articles and much discussion have been occasioned by the recombinant DNA debate, including legal symposia held by the Universities of Southern California and Toledo. This article looks back at the events which led to Asilomar, the debate which followed, and some of the legal and ethical problems involved in the debate.
Chimeras: Double The Dna-Double The Fun For Crime Scene Investigators, Prosecutors, And Defense Attorneys?, Catherine Arcabascio
Chimeras: Double The Dna-Double The Fun For Crime Scene Investigators, Prosecutors, And Defense Attorneys?, Catherine Arcabascio
Akron Law Review
This article first explores the mythological origins of the term “chimera.” It then explores the causes and scientific explanations of chimerism and the various conditions covered by the term chimera in the area of genetics. Although this article will discuss the various chimeric conditions that are thought to exist, its primary focus is on chimerism that is the result of the fusing of embryos in utero. Next, the article will discuss recent cases of chimerism – and of alleged chimerism – and how the genetic differences between chimeras and the general population came to light. It also will discuss the …
Biological Evaluations: Blood, Genes, And Family, Janet L. Dolgin
Biological Evaluations: Blood, Genes, And Family, Janet L. Dolgin
Akron Law Review
The next Part of the Article (Part II) provides a brief overview of the ideology in terms of which society understood the family during the nineteenth, and most of the twentieth, century. Part III then summarizes the increasing readiness of society and of lawmakers since the 1960s, openly to premise delimitations of family on values once associated with the marketplace, but not the home. Parts II and III provide background to Part IV. Part IV, the heart of the Article, focuses on contemporary understandings of family that preserve a central role for the biological correlates of domestic relationships. The Part …
Dna Storage Banks: The Importance Of Preserving Dna Evidence To Allow For Transparency And The Preservation Of Justice, Cristina Martin
Dna Storage Banks: The Importance Of Preserving Dna Evidence To Allow For Transparency And The Preservation Of Justice, Cristina Martin
Chicago-Kent Law Review
What is the duty to preserve information in today’s society? In order for humanity to evolve, change and flourish in the future, society needs to preserve its information from the past. In the criminal justice field, preservation of evidence has special significance. DNA evidence in particular has become a helpful aid for innocent defendants who have been improperly imprisoned. Over the past twenty years, the number of exonerations of imprisoned criminal defendants has increased dramatically. With the advancement of technology, old, previously untestable or improperly tested DNA evidence will need to be retested. However, most states do not have proper …
Cross-Racial Misidentification: A Call To Action In Washington State And Beyond, Taki V, Flevaris, Ellie F. Chapman
Cross-Racial Misidentification: A Call To Action In Washington State And Beyond, Taki V, Flevaris, Ellie F. Chapman
Seattle University Law Review
Research indicates eyewitness identifications are incorrect approximately one-third of the time in criminal investigations. For years, this phenomenon has significantly contributed to wrongful convictions all over the country, including in Washington State. But jurors, attorneys, and police remain unaware of the nature and extent of the problem and continue to give undue weight to eyewitness evidence. Experts have estimated that approximately 5,000–10,000 felony convictions in the United States each year are wrongful, and research suggests that approximately 75% of wrongful convictions involve eyewitness misidentification. The phenomenon of eyewitness misidentification is also amplified and most troublesome in the context of cross-racial …
The Admissibility Of Trueallele: A Computerized Dna Interpretation System, Katherine L. Moss
The Admissibility Of Trueallele: A Computerized Dna Interpretation System, Katherine L. Moss
Washington and Lee Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Pink Cadillac, An Iq Of 63, And A Fourteen-Year-Old From South Carolina: Why I Can No Longer Support The Death Penalty, Mark Earley Sr.
A Pink Cadillac, An Iq Of 63, And A Fourteen-Year-Old From South Carolina: Why I Can No Longer Support The Death Penalty, Mark Earley Sr.
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Future Of The Death Penalty In The United States, Richard C. Dieter
The Future Of The Death Penalty In The United States, Richard C. Dieter
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
Testing Sex, Rachel Rebouché
Recent Development: Allen V. State: Dna Evidence Of A Third Party Found At A Crime Scene Must Be Confirmed By Additional Testing To Permit Admission At Trial; Extra Testing Requirement Does Not Violate The Sixth Amendment, George Makris
University of Baltimore Law Forum
No abstract provided.
Maryland V. King And The Road Already Traveled: How The United Kingdome Tried--And Failed--To Balance State Interests With Privacy Rights, Courtney Coons Poole
Maryland V. King And The Road Already Traveled: How The United Kingdome Tried--And Failed--To Balance State Interests With Privacy Rights, Courtney Coons Poole
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Arrestee Number Two, Who Are You? Suspicionless Dna Testing Of Pre-Trial Arrestees And The Fourth Amendment Implications, Lesley A. Hall
Arrestee Number Two, Who Are You? Suspicionless Dna Testing Of Pre-Trial Arrestees And The Fourth Amendment Implications, Lesley A. Hall
Missouri Law Review
This Note discusses the resolution of that constitutional battle, Maryland v. King, where the U.S. Supreme Court held that DNA testing of pre-trial arrestees was reasonable under the Fourth Amendment as a routine booking procedure. The Court also held that DNA testing’s use for arrestee identification permitted its use as a tool to investigate suspicionless crimes. Part II analyzes the facts and holding of Maryland v. King. Part III discusses Fourth Amendment jurisprudence, including court-established tests used to ascertain whether a particular search is reasonable. Part IV examines the United States Supreme Court’s rationale in King, including Justice Scalia’s dissent, …
Post-Conviction Access To A State's Forensic Dna Evidence For Probative Testing: Not A Freestanding Constitutional Right, Dorothea Thompson
Post-Conviction Access To A State's Forensic Dna Evidence For Probative Testing: Not A Freestanding Constitutional Right, Dorothea Thompson
Tennessee Journal of Law and Policy
In District Attorney's Office v. Osborne, the United States Supreme Court addressed the central issue of whether Respondent William Osborne should have a "freestanding and far-reaching constitutional right of access" to the State's deoxyribonucleic acid ("DNA") evidence for the purpose of post-conviction relief. Osborne asserted this constitutional right of access under the federal civil rights statute, 42 U.S.C. § 1983, rather than proceeding through a writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2254. The United States District Court for the District of Alaska initially dismissed the respondent's claims, holding that an application for habeas corpus constituted the proper mechanism …
The Banality Of Wrongful Executions, Brandon L. Garrett
The Banality Of Wrongful Executions, Brandon L. Garrett
Michigan Law Review
What is so haunting about the known wrongful convictions is that those cases are the tip of the iceberg. Untold numbers of unnoticed errors may send the innocent to prison — and to the death chamber. That is why I recommend to readers a trilogy of fascinating new books that peer deeper into this larger but murkier problem. Outside the rarified group of highly publicized exonerations, which have themselves done much to attract attention to the causes of wrongful convictions, errors may be so mundane that no one notices them unless an outsider plucks a case from darkness and holds …
You Have The Right To Be Free From Unwanted Bodily Intrusion--Unless Of Course There Is A Court Order, Tara Laterza
You Have The Right To Be Free From Unwanted Bodily Intrusion--Unless Of Course There Is A Court Order, Tara Laterza
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Blueprint: Critiques Of The Fingerprint And Abandonment Paradigms Utilized To Reject An Expectation Of Privacy In Dna, Avi Goldstein
The Blueprint: Critiques Of The Fingerprint And Abandonment Paradigms Utilized To Reject An Expectation Of Privacy In Dna, Avi Goldstein
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Diagnostic Patents At The Supreme Court, Arti K. Rai
Diagnostic Patents At The Supreme Court, Arti K. Rai
Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review
None.
Maryland V. King: Sacrificing The Fourth Amendment To Build Up The Dna Database, Stephanie B. Noronha
Maryland V. King: Sacrificing The Fourth Amendment To Build Up The Dna Database, Stephanie B. Noronha
Maryland Law Review
No abstract provided.
Compulsory Dna Collection And A Juvenile's Best Interests, Kevin Lapp
Compulsory Dna Collection And A Juvenile's Best Interests, Kevin Lapp
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class
No abstract provided.