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Articles 1 - 30 of 510
Full-Text Articles in Law
Rethinking Antebellum Bankruptcy, Rafael I. Pardo
Rethinking Antebellum Bankruptcy, Rafael I. Pardo
University of Colorado Law Review
Bankruptcy law has been repeatedly reinvented over time in response to changing circumstances. The Bankruptcy Act of 1841—passed by Congress to address the financial ruin caused by the Panic of 1837—constituted a revolutionary break from its immediate predecessor, the Bankruptcy Act of 1800, which was the nation’s first bankruptcy statute. Although Congress repealed the 1841 Act in 1843, the legislation lasted significantly longer than recognized by scholars. The repeal legislation permitted pending bankruptcy cases to be finally resolved pursuant to the Act’s terms. Because debtors flooded the judicially understaffed 1841 Act system with over 46,000 cases, the Act’s administration continued …
Beyond Discrimination: Market Humiliation And Private Law, Hila Keren
Beyond Discrimination: Market Humiliation And Private Law, Hila Keren
University of Colorado Law Review
Market humiliation is a corrosive relational process to which the law repeatedly fails to respond due to the law’s heavy reliance on the discrimination paradigm. In this process, providers of market resources, from housing and work to goods and services, use their powers to reject or mistreat other market users due to their identities. They thus cause users severe harm and deprive them of dignified participation in the marketplace. The problem has recently reached a peak. The discussion in 303 Creative v. Elenis indicates that the Supreme Court might legitimize market humiliation by granting private providers broad free speech exemptions …
Machine Manipulation: Why An Ai Editor Does Not Serve First Amendment Values, Alec Peters
Machine Manipulation: Why An Ai Editor Does Not Serve First Amendment Values, Alec Peters
University of Colorado Law Review
The past few years have seen increasing calls for regulation of large social media platforms, and several states have recently enacted laws regulating their content moderation, promotion, and recommendation practices. But if those platforms are exercising editorial discretion when carrying out these tasks, many of the regulations will run into constitutional concerns: the First Amendment protects the “exercise of editorial control and judgment” by publishers over their choice of content and how it is presented. However, the editorial operation of social media platforms differs significantly from traditional media, most importantly in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for editorial decision-making. …
Carbon Pricing For A Just Transition, Jeff Todd
Carbon Pricing For A Just Transition, Jeff Todd
University of Colorado Law Review
The legal tools to avoid the potential disasters of climate change are already available, at least according to economists. Economists overwhelmingly prefer carbon pricing tools like carbon taxes and cap-and-trade programs to combat climate change and guide the energy transition. Carbon pricing is more cost effective at lowering carbon and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) than other legal options such as efficiency standards, renewable portfolio standards, subsidies, and tax credits and deductions. Unlike those other options, carbon pricing targets both the supply of and the demand for GHG-emitting products and services; moreover, it gives firms and consumers flexibility in how best …
Adoption As Substitute For Abortion?, Malinda L. Seymore
Adoption As Substitute For Abortion?, Malinda L. Seymore
University of Colorado Law Review
In Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, Justice Samuel Alito relied on adoption as part of the justification for holding that abortion is not constitutionally protected. First, he said, “[s]tates have increasingly adopted ‘safe haven’ laws, which generally allow women to drop off babies anonymously.” Second, “a woman who puts her newborn up for adoption today has little reason to fear that the baby will not find a suitable home.” Using adoption as an adequate substitute for abortion is a long-standing strategy for the antiabortion movement, but it is often embraced by pro-choice advocates as well. This position is supportable …
Facts On Trial: Alliance For Hippocratic Medicine V. Fda And The Battle Over Mailed Medication Abortion, Rachel Rebouché .
Facts On Trial: Alliance For Hippocratic Medicine V. Fda And The Battle Over Mailed Medication Abortion, Rachel Rebouché .
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Legal Asynchrony: Constitutional “Bridges” Inverting Elemental U.S. Technology, Steven Ferrey
Legal Asynchrony: Constitutional “Bridges” Inverting Elemental U.S. Technology, Steven Ferrey
University of Colorado Law Review
The 2022 Biden Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) and the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (“IIJA”), together providing for an unprecedented $1.7 trillion in spending, were enacted to construct a sustainable legal U.S. exit ramp from what the Secretary-General of the United Nations recently described as a “highway to climate hell with our foot still on the accelerator.” This Article analyzes a critical legal missing link in these Acts that is now causing the U.S. economy to do the opposite of its intended climate change mitigation, given: • A necessary eight-fold increase in current renewable electric power, requiring adding the …
A First Amendment Failure: Surrendering To Science Misinformation For Bioengineered Foods, Casey J. Nelson
A First Amendment Failure: Surrendering To Science Misinformation For Bioengineered Foods, Casey J. Nelson
University of Colorado Law Review
Government-compelled commercial disclosures are not unfamiliar to consumers. Common labels include nutrition facts and ingredient information. The National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard, which took full force at the start of 2022, is of a different nature. The new law requires all manufacturers, all importers, and certain retailers of bioengineered foods to disclose on the food’s packaging that it has been produced with bioengineering technology. Even so, a large swath of the public is ignorant of “bioengineering’s” true meaning and bioengineering technology’s true quality. The politically charged and fact-lacking debate on bioengineered foods renders this standard an impermissible coercion of speech …
Estate To State: Pay-To-Stay Statutes And The Problematic Seizure Of Inherited Property, Brittany L. Deitch
Estate To State: Pay-To-Stay Statutes And The Problematic Seizure Of Inherited Property, Brittany L. Deitch
University of Colorado Law Review
Pay-to-stay statutes allow states to recover their incarceration-related expenditures from those who are currently or have formerly been incarcerated. Mass incarceration is expensive, and states have aimed to shift this financial burden from their taxpayers and government coffers to the individuals who experience incarceration. Although pay-to-stay laws take many forms, in general, they authorize the government to seek recompense for an individual’s incarceration costs from the currently or formerly incarcerated person’s assets and income. Many states permit the seizure of inherited property to satisfy this legal financial obligation. Pay-to-stay laws have survived constitutional challenges thus far, but some state legislatures …
Colonizing Queerness, Jeremiah A. Ho
Colonizing Queerness, Jeremiah A. Ho
University of Colorado Law Review
This Article investigates how and why the cultural script of inequality persists for queer identities despite major legal advancements such as marriage, anti-discrimination, and employment protections. By regarding LGBTQ legal advancements as part of the American settler colonial project, I conclude that such victories are not liberatory or empowering but are attempts at colonizing queer identities. American settler colonialism’s structural promotion of a normative sexuality illustrates how our settler colonialist legacy is not just a race project (as settler colonialism is most widely studied) but also a race-gender-sexuality project. Even in apparent strokes of progress, American settler colonialism’s eliminationist motives …
It’S Past Time: Unionization And Self-Determination In Minor League Baseball, Chris Rowley
It’S Past Time: Unionization And Self-Determination In Minor League Baseball, Chris Rowley
University of Colorado Law Review
For more than a century, labor disputes have tormented the relationship between American professional baseball players and management. Although Major League Baseball players unionized in the 1960s, disagreements over workplace conditions and ever-growing profit allocations endured for decades. The first thirty years of collective bargaining between players and League post-unionization fostered notable improvements in players’ labor conditions. However, those years were also plagued by acrimonious negotiations, grievances, lawsuits, lockouts, strikes, and eventually, the cancellation of the 1994 World Series. The story in Minor League Baseball is altogether different. Its players, despite their close nexus with the Major League game, did …
Intersectionality Matters In Food And Drug Law, Colleen Campbell
Intersectionality Matters In Food And Drug Law, Colleen Campbell
University of Colorado Law Review
Feminist scholars critique food and drug law as a site of gender bias and regulatory neglect. The historical exclusion of women from clinical trials by the FDA prioritized male bodies as the object of clinical research and therapies. Likewise, the FDA’s prior restriction on access to contraceptive birth control illustrates how patriarchal and paternalistic attitudes within the Agency can harm women’s reproductive health. However, there is little analysis of how race and gender intersect in this domain. This Article uses the regulation of skin-lightening cosmetics products to illustrate why and how intersectionality matters in food and drug law. While the …
Data Controllers As Data Fiduciaries: Theory, Definitions & Burdens Of Proof, Noelle Wilson, Amanda Reid
Data Controllers As Data Fiduciaries: Theory, Definitions & Burdens Of Proof, Noelle Wilson, Amanda Reid
University of Colorado Law Review
As more U.S. states have begun to pass consumer privacy laws, there are growing calls for federal data privacy regulation to ease the burden of compliance with various, sometimes conflicting, state laws. However, scholars and lawmakers are divided on how best to balance robust privacy protections with privacy laws to which businesses can realistically comply. Two prominent regulatory models have emerged from scholarly debate. The Rights/Obligations Model grants consumers various rights and imposes obligations on businesses. This model has been trending in U.S. states, which have mirrored language from the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by imposing different …
Union Autonomy And Federal Intrusion, Hannah Borowski
Union Autonomy And Federal Intrusion, Hannah Borowski
University of Colorado Law Review
Union autonomy, a critical aspect of the health and growth of unions and employee power broadly, is weakened by (1) the Department of Justice’s (DOJ) attempts to target organized crime through civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) litigation against unions and (2) the creation of federal trusteeships in settlement, both of which can be analyzed through litigation between the DOJ and the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (Teamsters or IBT) at the end of the 20th century. The field of compliance offers a solution to prevent these breaches of union autonomy. Relying on the Federal Sentencing Guidelines and the …
Immigration Detention Abolition And The Violence Of Digital Cages, Sarah Sherman-Stokes
Immigration Detention Abolition And The Violence Of Digital Cages, Sarah Sherman-Stokes
University of Colorado Law Review
The United States has a long history of pernicious immigration enforcement and surveillance. Today, in addition to more than 34,000 people held in immigration detention, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) shackles and surveils an astounding 376,000 people under its “Alternatives to Detention” (“ATD”) program. The number of people subjected to this surveillance has grown dramatically in the last two decades, from just about 1,700 in 2005. ICE’s rapidly expanding Alternatives to Detention program is a “digital cage,” consisting of GPS-outfitted ankle shackles and invasive phone and location tracking. Government officials and some immigrant advocates have characterized these digital cages as …
Democratic Federalism And The Supreme Court, Keynote Address At The 2023 Ira C. Rothgerber Jr. Conference, Carolyn Shapiro
Democratic Federalism And The Supreme Court, Keynote Address At The 2023 Ira C. Rothgerber Jr. Conference, Carolyn Shapiro
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Federal Indian Law As Method, Matthew L.M. Fletcher
Federal Indian Law As Method, Matthew L.M. Fletcher
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Facing The Music: How The Face Act Harms, Rather Than Helps, The Post-Dobbs Abortion Movement, Kyriaki "Kiki" Council
Facing The Music: How The Face Act Harms, Rather Than Helps, The Post-Dobbs Abortion Movement, Kyriaki "Kiki" Council
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
“Down Where The Grass Grows”: Municipal Abortion Policies After Dobbs, Martha F. Davis
“Down Where The Grass Grows”: Municipal Abortion Policies After Dobbs, Martha F. Davis
University of Colorado Law Review
When the Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization referred future decisions about abortion policies to “elected representatives and the people,” there is no doubt that local governments were included in the designation. In fact, since the 1970s, local governments have been active in pursuing a range of abortion policies in their jurisdictions—both for and against abortion access—that may be in tension with their state governments. Because the ideological orientations of state and local governments often conflict, state preemption is a frequent threat hanging over these local initiatives. There are examples from both sides of the political …
The Voluntary Carbon Market: Market Failures And Policy Implications, Vittoria Battocletti, Luca Enriques, Alessandro Romano
The Voluntary Carbon Market: Market Failures And Policy Implications, Vittoria Battocletti, Luca Enriques, Alessandro Romano
University of Colorado Law Review
Many companies have made environmental pledges and launched products that claim to be carbon neutral. In most of these instances, corporations rely on carbon offsets. In this Article, we investigate the functioning of the market on which these offsets are created and exchanged, namely the voluntary carbon market, and look into the question of whether and, if so, how it should be subject to regulation. We start by shedding light on the mechanics of this market and then explain why a well-functioning voluntary carbon market is necessary to fight global warming and can also help developing countries build less carbon-intensive …
Force Majeure And The Law Of The Colorado River: The Confluence Of Climate Change, Contracts, And The Constitution, Mary Slosson
Force Majeure And The Law Of The Colorado River: The Confluence Of Climate Change, Contracts, And The Constitution, Mary Slosson
University of Colorado Law Review
Climate change is causing significant, permanent changes to the natural world. In the Colorado River Basin, experts forecast that rising temperatures will cause the spread of a drier, more arid climate across the region. The effects of this desertification are already being felt: less rainfall, the loss of deciduous forests, wildfires that engulf urban areas, and a projected 20 to 30 percent reduction in flows on the Colorado River by mid-century. The net effect is an existential crisis for the forty million people that reside in the Colorado River’s watershed. Mitigating the effects of climate change requires swift action. However, …
Politics Before Pensions: How New Esg Rules Expose Public Pension System Vulnerabilities, Danilo Risteski
Politics Before Pensions: How New Esg Rules Expose Public Pension System Vulnerabilities, Danilo Risteski
University of Colorado Law Review
As some of the largest institutional investors in the United States, public pension funds wield considerable power over investment decisions. A recent trend highlights this extraordinary power: state pension funds have started exploiting their retirees’ pensions to force investment companies to invest in accordance with their respective states’ political priorities. Nowhere is this trend more obvious than in the environmental, social, and governance field. On one hand, states like Maine have passed legislation prohibiting public pension funds from investing in fossil fuels companies. On the other hand, states like Texas have passed laws prohibiting state entities from doing business with …
Lexisnexis’S Contract With Ice As Unjust Enrichment, Lizzie Bird
Lexisnexis’S Contract With Ice As Unjust Enrichment, Lizzie Bird
University of Colorado Law Review
For $22.1 million, LexisNexis is currently helping Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) surveil, detain, and deport noncitizens. Like other data brokers, LexisNexis’s role in the collection and sale of personal information has largely been ignored by regulators, judges, and the public. A recent lawsuit against LexisNexis in Illinois includes, among other claims, a claim of unjust enrichment. This often misunderstood and unpopular claim has a complex history which presents both a barrier to relief and an opportunity for advocates to push courts to clarify the doctrine. This Note examines the history of the theory of unjust enrichment, surveys its recent …
Minding Accidents, Teneille R. Brown
Minding Accidents, Teneille R. Brown
University of Colorado Law Review
Tort doctrine states that breach is all about conduct. Unlike in the criminal law context, where jurors must engage in amateur mindreading to evaluate mens rea, jurors are told that they can assess civil negligence by looking only at the defendant’s external behavior. But this is false. Here I explain why, by incorporating the psychology of foresight. Foreseeability is at the heart of negligence—appearing as the primary test for duty, breach, and proximate cause. And yet, it has been called a “vexing morass” and a “malleable standard” because it is so poorly understood. This Article refines and advances the construct …
Loving Reparations, Eric J. Miller
Loving Reparations, Eric J. Miller
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Environmental Evidence, Seema Kakade
Environmental Evidence, Seema Kakade
University of Colorado Law Review
The voices of impacted people are some of the most important when trying to make improvements to social justice in a variety of contexts, including criminal policing, housing, and health care. After all, the people with on-the-ground experience know what is likely to truly effectuate change in their community, and what is not. Yet, such lived experience is also often significantly lacking and undermined in law and policy. People with lived experience tend to be seen as both community experts with valuable knowledge, as well as nonexperts with little valuable knowledge. This Article explores the lived experience with pollution as …
Self-Intervention, Lumen N. Mulligan
Self-Intervention, Lumen N. Mulligan
University of Colorado Law Review
You cannot intervene in your own case, duh! Yet the U.S. Supreme Court disagreed, holding that Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(a)(2) allows state legislative leaders, seeking to represent the state's sovereign interest, to intervene when the attorney general is already representing the state's sovereign interest. In this Article, I contend that the text, history, and practice of Rule 24(a)(2) prohibit such "self-intervention." I then explore how the fictive approach to state immunity established in Ex parte Young causes this confusion, while concluding that the doctrine, properly understood, focuses on real, not nominal, parties in interest. I further conclude that …
The Visible Trial: Judicial Assessment As Adjudication, Tracey E. George, Albert H. Yoon
The Visible Trial: Judicial Assessment As Adjudication, Tracey E. George, Albert H. Yoon
University of Colorado Law Review
Only a small fraction of lawsuits ends in trial—a phenomenon termed the “vanishing trial.” Critics of the declining trial rate see a remote, increasingly regressive judicial system. Defenders see a system that allows parties to resolve disputes independently. Analyzing criminal and civil filings in federal district court for the forty-year period from 1980 to 2019, we confirm a steady decline in the absolute and relative number of trials. We find, however, this emphasis on trial rate obscures courts’ vital role and ignores parties’ goals. Judges adjudicate disputes directly by ruling or effectively through other assessments of the parties’ cases. Even …
Social Construction Of Race Undergirds Racism By Providing Undue Advantages To White People, Disadvantaging Black People And Other People Of Color, And Violating The Human Rights Of All People Of Color, Adjoa A. Aiyetoro
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.
Roundtable: The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre; The Quest For Accountability, Robert Turner
Roundtable: The 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre; The Quest For Accountability, Robert Turner
University of Colorado Law Review
No abstract provided.