Law Commons^™

The Cost Of Acceptability: Blue Buses, Agent Orange, And Aversion To Statistical Evidence, Neil B. Cohen

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Confronting The Immunization Problem: Proposals For Compensation Reform, Wendy K. Mariner, Mary E. Clark

Faculty Scholarship

After decades of reports on the need for considered
public policy on immunization,' it is time for action. The
"problem" of immunization is complex, but the constituent complexities have been recognized for years. In a recent report on Vaccine Supply and Innovation, the Institute of Medicine referred to vaccines as "an elegant solution to one of the perennial problems of the human race-infectious
disease." Vaccines are effective, inexpensive, simple to produce, and easy to deliver. They have succeeded in quelling the threat to public health of such formerly devastating diseases as smallpox, poliomyelitis, and diphtheria. Today, however, the prospects for …

The Painful Prescription: A Procrustean Perspective?, Frances H. Miller, Graham A.H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

The United States and Great Britain have often been called two countries divided by a common language. In the field of medicine, common language facilitates comparisons, but it can obscure basic value differences as well. Henry Aaron, Ph.D., and William Schwartz, M.D., in their influential book The Painful Prescription: Rationing Hospital Care,1 analyzed how and why Britain (as compared with the United States) has apparently limited the use of such high-technology procedures as kidney dialysis, CT scans, coronary-artery surgery, x-ray films, and intensive care beds. The authors then speculated about whether similar responses will be forthcoming in this …

Chemical Industry Accidents, Liability, And Community Right To Know, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

The Bhopal, India tragedy and other industrial accidents (e.g., Seveso, Flixborough, Mexico City, Institute, WV) have frightened the citizens of developed and undeveloped countries. These accidents, along with numerous hazardous waste problems, have led to a dramatic loss of public confidence in chemical industry management and their safety experts. The occurrence of such accidents also provides vivid evidence of the serious gap between government legislative promises and government performance in the actual control of industrial hazards.'

As a result, persons who believe they have been injured or put at risk by industry are now using tort law to secure private …

Conflict Of Laws (1986), James Paul George, Fred C. Pedersen

Faculty Scholarship

Conflicts of law occur when foreign elements appear in a lawsuit. Nonresident plaintiffs or defendants, incidents in other state or countries, and lawsuits outside of Texas are all foreign elements that may create conflicts problems with judicial jurisdiction, choice of law, or the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. This Article will review Texas conflicts of law during the Survey period from late 1984 through 1985. The Survey includes cases from Texas state and federal courts, and non-Texas cases affecting Texas practice.

During the Survey period, judicial jurisdiction continued its uncertain theoretical expansion, with Texas courts raising important questions. Foreign …

Assessment Of Shelf Registration: How Much Diligence Is Due Investors?, Roberta S. Karmel

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Some Reflections On Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, Gordon G. Young

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"Tastes Great, Less Filling": The Law School Clinic And Political Critique, Robert J. Condlin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Call For Uniformity, Susan P. Leviton

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Book Review: The Constitution In The Supreme Court: The First Hundred Years, 1789-1888., David S. Bogen

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Limitations On Prosecutorial Discovery, Edward A. Tomlinson

Faculty Scholarship

The prosecution has a legitimate interest in discovering all relevant facts to present the strongest possible case at trial and to meet the defendant's case. Despite that interest, in most jurisdictions the prosecution may discover only the evidence which the defendant intends to present at trial. Even such limited discovery has been the subject of sharp constitutional attack. The author argues that far broader prosecutorial discovery is constitutionally permissible. The prosecution should be able to discover all relevant facts useful in testing defense evidence and any documents or tangible things (for example, the murder weapon) which strengthen the prosecution's case …

The Motion In Limine:Trial Without Jury - A Government's Weapon Against The Sanctuary Movement, Douglas L. Colbert

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Copyright: Factual Compilations And The Second Circuit, Beryl R. Jones-Woodin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

An Overview Of Health Law Research And An Annotated Bibliography, Richard A. Danner, Claire M. Germain

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

What Disabilities Are Protected Under The Rehabilitation Act Of 1973?, David Larson

Faculty Scholarship

It can be difficult for an employer or a recipient of federal funds to determine exactly what types of disabilities are protected by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Relevant literature has not given a great deal of attention to this specific question. Recent cases, however, provide additional information that can assist in determining which disabilities are protected. The question of what is protected handicap differs from the question of whether a handicapped person is also “qualified.” This article focuses on the threshold question of determining whether a handicap actually exists, concentrating on the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The definition of …

The Fault With Comparative Fault: The Problem Of Individual Comparisons In A Modified Comparative Fault Jurisdiction, Michael K. Steenson

Faculty Scholarship

Minnesota courts have interpreted the Minnesota Comparative Fault statute as requiring comparison of a plaintiff's negligence with the individual negligence of each defendant. Exceptions to this rule involve joint venture cases. This Article examines the individual comparison rule and explores an alternative rule which provides for a comparison of the plaintiff's negligence with the aggregate negligence of the defendants.

Alternative Families: Obtaining Traditional Family Benefits Through Litigation, Legislation And Collective Bargaining, Barbara Cox

Faculty Scholarship

This article will first discuss the constitutional and equitable basis for extending rights to alternative families. Next, it will discuss each major protection and benefit granted to traditional families and then examine the litigation, legislation, and collective bargaining agreements obtaining or attempting to obtain the same benefit for alternative families. This article will end by arguing that equity and justice require an extension of these benefits to alternative families.

Disabled Newborns And The Federal Child Abuse Amendments: Tenuous Protection, Steven R. Smith

Faculty Scholarship

This Article first explores the scope of the problem of withholding lifesaving treatment from seriously impaired infants. Next, the Article examines the interests involved in decisions to withhold treatment and the rationales for them. It contends that there are limitations on parental child-rearing rights and suggests standards to define when treatment may be withheld. The Article then reviews recent efforts to protect disabled newborns and points out a shift in the focus of these efforts toward a reliance on child abuse and neglect laws. Next, the Article surveys the development of federal and state child abuse and neglect statutes. The …

The Exuberant Pathway To Quixiotic Internationalism: Assessing The Folly Of Mitsubishi, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Faculty Scholarship

The writing on international commercial arbitration often is replete with statements affirming the necessity and advocating the progression of the institution. Indeed, the transnational consensus on commercial arbitration is exceptional - a rare example of viable cohesion in the fragmented arena of international affairs. The unifying spirit of the 1958 New York Arbitration Convention, the uniformity of approach among national courts to the implementation of the Convention, and national legislation supportive of the emerging international consensus on arbitration attest to a willingness to eradicate parochial concerns, to respond to felt needs, and to achieve functional international cooperation.

The United States …

From The Editor: On Continuing Education, Richard A. Danner

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Educational Role Of The Regional Chapters, Richard A. Danner

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Corporate Fox And The Shareholders’ Hen House: Reflections On Alford V. Shaw, Deborah A. Demott

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Sterilization Of Mentally Retarded Persons: Reproductive Rights And Family Privacy, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

Sterilization is one of the most frequently chosen forms of contraception in the world; many persons who do not want to have children select this simple, safe, and effective means of avoiding unwanted pregnancy. For individuals who are mentally disabled, however, sterilization has more ominous associations. Until recently, involuntary sterilization was used as a weapon of the state in the war against mental deficiency. Under eugenic sterilization laws in effect in many states, retarded persons were routinely sterilized without their consent or knowledge.

Sterilization law has undergone a radical transformation in recent years. Influenced by a distaste for eugenic sterilization …

Takeover Defense Tactics: A Comment On Two Models, Jeffrey N. Gordon, Lewis A. Kornhauser

Faculty Scholarship

One of the most important debates of current corporate law practice and scholarship is about the appropriate role of target management confronted with a takeover bid. The controversy turns on the identification of a criterion for evaluating takeovers and target management defensive tactics. An influential body of opinion contends that maximization of shareholder wealth is the appropriate criterion because, first, traditional notions of fiduciary duty generally require managers to act in the shareholders' interest, and, second, shareholder wealth maximization is seen as the best available proxy for social wealth maximization. On this view, takeovers are desirable because they can increase …

Judicial Clerkships And Elite Professional Culture, William H. Simon

Faculty Scholarship

Clerkships have become increasingly prominent in the culture of elite law schools in recent years. More students are seeking clerkships; the application process starts earlier and lasts longer; and the quest seems to generate more anxiety and absorb more energy than in the past.

Rights And Redistribution In The Welfare System, William H. Simon

Faculty Scholarship

The term "right" has a wide variety of connotations. On a very general level, it connotes a social commitment to the dignity and autonomy of the individual, an "affirmation of free human subjectivity against the constraints of group life." On a somewhat more specific level, one can distinguish procedural and substantive connotations. Procedural connotations concern official enforcement institutions. For example, in American legal culture, "right" often connotes judicial enforceability. Substantive connotations concern benefits or powers, such as freedom of speech or ownership of property, in civil society.

This essay is about the substantive connotations of the notion of "right" that …

Dworkin: A New Link In The Chain, Joseph Raz

Faculty Scholarship

This book brings together nineteen of the articles published by Professor Dworkin over the last eight years, mostly in the New York Review of Books, but also in learned journals and collections. Three articles, none of them of major importance, have not been published before: Can a Liberal State Support Art? (pp. 221-36), On Interpretation and Objectivity (pp. 167-80), and Civil Disobedience and Nuclear Protest (pp. 104-18). Several pieces published during the last few years are not included, of which the most important is an article on equality.

Introduction To The Edwin S. Cohen Tax Symposium: An Overview Of Business Taxation, Michael J. Graetz

Faculty Scholarship

It is an honor and pleasure for me to be here today to launch this symposium on current tax reform topics in honor of Edwin S. Cohen on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Virginia as Professor of Law. This is the second occasion I have been asked to speak honoring Ed Cohen on his retirement and, knowing him well, I look forward to many more of his retirements in years ahead.

My assignment today is to provide a brief overview of issues in business taxation. I was tempted simply to repeat the program for this symposium, …

Rethinking The Theory Of Legal Rights, Jules S. Coleman, Jody S. Kraus

Faculty Scholarship

In the economic approach to law, legal rights are designed, in part, to overcome the conditions under which markets fail. In correcting for market failure, economic analysis endorses two rules for assigning legal rights. The first specifies the allocation of rights under conditions of rational cooperation, full information and zero transaction costs. Provided that exchange is available and that obstacles to exercising it are insignificant, rational cooperators will negotiate around inefficiencies. Under these conditions, legal rights are not assigned in order to establish optimal levels of resource deployment directly; rather, they establish well-defined entitlements or negotiation points which create a …

The Role Of The President And Omb In Informal Rulemaking, Peter L. Strauss, Cass R. Sunstein

Faculty Scholarship

Regulatory reform has been a subject of frequent discussion in the last decade, especially in the context of presidential efforts to assert control over the rulemaking process. Presidents Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan have all attempted to increase presidential authority over regulation. In particular, President Reagan has issued two executive orders that give the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) considerable power over the rulemaking activities of executive agencies.

In this article, we set forth our views on the role of presidential supervision in the regulatory process, with particular attention to the questions raised by the recent executive orders.