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Articles 31 - 50 of 50
Full-Text Articles in Law
Where Vernor V. Autodesk Fits Into First Sale Decisions, Thomas A. Hackett
Where Vernor V. Autodesk Fits Into First Sale Decisions, Thomas A. Hackett
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
Many courts have found that software is licensed rather than sold. As a result, software often falls outside the first sale doctrine; however, Vernor v. Autodesk found with the minority of courts that software is sold rather than licensed, and granted owners of the purchased software first sale rights. This Article examines four pertinent concerns that flow from Vernor v. Autodesk, including: (1) the status of federal copyright law in the context of the first sale doctrine; (2) the judicial split among courts applying the doctrine; (3) where Vernor v. Autodesk fits into this split; and (4) the future …
User Privacy And Information Disclosure: The Need For Clarity In "Opt-In" Questions For Consent To Share Personal Information, Suzanna Shaub
User Privacy And Information Disclosure: The Need For Clarity In "Opt-In" Questions For Consent To Share Personal Information, Suzanna Shaub
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
Many company Web sites obtain permission to disclose their users’ private information to third parties through the use of “opt-in” mechanisms, which require consumers to affirmatively grant consent to collect data from the user. These opt-in questions often ask general questions, such as whether the user would like to receive further information about the company or a product. Many companies construe an affirmative answer as consent to disclose personal information in accordance with its privacy policy. Although companies with this practice have generally avoided liability in the past, a recent case raises significant skepticism regarding the practice. In CollegeNET, Inc. …
Text Message Monitoring After Quon V. Arch Wireless: What Private Employers Need To Know About The Stored Communications Act And An Employee's Right To Privacy, Jennifer Heidt White
Text Message Monitoring After Quon V. Arch Wireless: What Private Employers Need To Know About The Stored Communications Act And An Employee's Right To Privacy, Jennifer Heidt White
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
In June 2008, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that public employees have a reasonable expectation of privacy in the content of text messages sent from employer-owned devices. The court concluded that the expectation of privacy arises vis-à-vis the text-message service provider, even where an employee has signed an explicit waiver of such an expectation. The decision, Quon v. Arch Wireless, raises difficult questions about the limitations placed on text-message service providers by the Stored Communications Act, and an employer’s ability to regulate and monitor employee use of technology in the workplace. Although Quon only applies to public …
The Legality Of Washington Shoreline Development Moratoria In The Wake Of Biggers V. City Of Bainbridge Island, Michelle E. Delappe
The Legality Of Washington Shoreline Development Moratoria In The Wake Of Biggers V. City Of Bainbridge Island, Michelle E. Delappe
Washington Law Review
The Washington State Supreme Court struck down the temporary shoreline development moratorium at issue in Biggers v. City of Bainbridge Island, 162 Wash. 2d 683, 169 P.3d 14 (2007); yet the court fragmented on the broader question of whether a local government has authority to adopt a moratorium on shoreline development during long-term land-use planning. In light of upcoming deadlines for the state’s local governments to revise their shoreline-management plans, constraints on local authority to adopt shoreline moratoria during the planning process take on heightened importance for hundreds of local governments. The question highlights the tension between private property …
Thoughts On The Ethical Culture Of A Prosecutor's Office, Patrick J. Fitzgerald
Thoughts On The Ethical Culture Of A Prosecutor's Office, Patrick J. Fitzgerald
Washington Law Review
I am truly honored to be asked to speak at this event, particularly an event held in honor of Norm Maleng. I want to talk about maintaining an ethical culture in a prosecutor’s office and give you a perspective on the things that have struck me after being an Assistant U.S. Attorney for about thirteen years—approaching seven years this fall as a U.S. Attorney, so about twenty years as a prosecutor. Some of the things I will say are obvious but worth repeating because we have to bear them in mind. Some are slightly subtle but worth pointing out. I …
York V. Wahkiakum School District And The Future Of School Searches Under The Washington State Constitution, Kerem Murat Levitas
York V. Wahkiakum School District And The Future Of School Searches Under The Washington State Constitution, Kerem Murat Levitas
Washington Law Review
In March 2008, the Supreme Court of Washington decided York v. Wahkiakum School District, a case involving mandatory, suspicionless drug testing of student athletes. The court struck down the testing regime, but, unable to agree on the grounds for invalidating the testing, issued three separate opinions. The lead opinion argued that suspicionless testing could never be countenanced under the Washington Constitution. Two concurrences argued that suspicionless testing could be permissible under certain circumstances pursuant to a variant of the federal special-needs doctrine. This Note reviews search-and-seizure protections under the United States and Washington constitutions, their application to school search …
Disability Rights In Cambodia: Using The Convention On The Rights Of People With Disabilities To Expose Human Rights Violations, Ulrike Buschbacher Connelly
Disability Rights In Cambodia: Using The Convention On The Rights Of People With Disabilities To Expose Human Rights Violations, Ulrike Buschbacher Connelly
Washington International Law Journal
In Cambodia, the percentage of the population living with disabilities is one of the highest in the world. At least 650,000 Cambodians live with a disability, and the exact count may be as high as 1.4 million. The incidence of disability is also expected to increase in the future. Despite the fact that many Cambodians have at least one disability, the country does not have adequate legal provisions to protect the human rights of people with disabilities. There are no comprehensive laws that address disability issues. The few existing laws provide only implicit protections and some directly discriminate against people …
China's New Anti-Monopoly Law: A Perspective From The United States, Thomas R. Howell, Alan Wm. Wolff, Rachel Howe, Diane Oh
China's New Anti-Monopoly Law: A Perspective From The United States, Thomas R. Howell, Alan Wm. Wolff, Rachel Howe, Diane Oh
Washington International Law Journal
In August 2007, China enacted an Anti-Monopoly Law, becoming one of roughly ninety nations to establish a comprehensive regulatory regime governing competition. Since the advent of China’s economic reform program beginning three decades ago, China has been moving to integrate its economy within the global trading system. This article provides an overview of China’s Anti-Monopoly Law (“AML”) emphasizing key areas of significant apparent divergence from U.S. antitrust policy. The article addresses the evolution of anti-monopoly policy in China and the United States, observing that, where differences exist, China’s AML frequently reflects principles similar to those once embedded in U.S. antitrust …
The European Union's Data Retention Directive And The United States's Data Preservation Laws: Finding The Better Model, Kristina Ringland
The European Union's Data Retention Directive And The United States's Data Preservation Laws: Finding The Better Model, Kristina Ringland
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
The European Union’s Data Retention Directive (the “Directive”) seeks to assist law enforcement officials in their efforts to combat terrorism and to standardize disparate laws regarding data retention within the European Union (EU). The Directive requires companies to retain traffic and location data that identifies a subscriber or registered user of a Web site for a period of six to twenty-four months. Implementation of the Directive takes place at the national level and poses many challenges to providers of electronic communication services. There is no analogous United States federal law mandating data retention. The United States, however, has a data …
Directors' Liability For Corporate Faults And Defaults—An International Comparison, Helen Anderson
Directors' Liability For Corporate Faults And Defaults—An International Comparison, Helen Anderson
Washington International Law Journal
Australia’s new Rudd Government has indicated to business leaders that it intends to review various aspects of corporate law, including the imposition of personal liability on directors for corporate fault. Their concern is that the present corporate law regime is causing directors to be overly cautious in making decisions, to the detriment of the efficient operation of companies and the well-being of our economy. At the same time, the government acknowledges the importance of imposing appropriate sanctions where a company or its officers fail to meet required standards. These are universal concerns. To inform this debate, this article will look …
Redefining Motherhood: Discrimination In Legal Parenthood In Japan, Rachel Brehm King
Redefining Motherhood: Discrimination In Legal Parenthood In Japan, Rachel Brehm King
Washington International Law Journal
Due to Japan’s decreasing population numbers and low birth rate, the country’s legal forces and social norms put tremendous pressure on women to have children. To meet these expectations, Japanese women frequently turn to new forms of medical assistance called Assisted Reproductive Technology (“ART”) to increase their ability to become mothers. ART includes such procedures as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, and surrogacy. Although several of these methods are accepted by Japanese law and society, other forms of ART, including certain forms of artificial insemination and surrogacy, are strongly disapproved. Japan’s current legal framework prevents women from accessing the full …
Keynote Address: Expanding Human Rights To Persons With Disabilities: Laying The Groundwork For A Twenty-First Century Movement, Yanghee Lee
Washington International Law Journal
Dr. Lee’s keynote speech provides a brief history of disability rights as provided for by international human rights treaties. The speech focuses in particular on the Convention on the Rights of the Child (“CRC”) and the recently enacted Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities (“CRPD”). The CRC was the first treaty to include a specific provision dealing with the rights of children with disabilities. In this speech, Dr. Lee takes the position that although the CRPD does not create new rights for persons with disabilities, it still represents an important step forward. Dr. Lee emphasizes that the CRPD establishes …
Mining The Intersections: Advancing The Rights Of Women And Children With Disabilities Within An Interrelated Web Of Human Rights, Rangita De Silva De Alwis
Mining The Intersections: Advancing The Rights Of Women And Children With Disabilities Within An Interrelated Web Of Human Rights, Rangita De Silva De Alwis
Washington International Law Journal
This article argues that disability rights are a powerful lens through which to address the multiple forms of discrimination and subordination that women and children with disabilities face. A shift in the human rights paradigm that enables the different human rights treaties affecting women and children with disabilities to be implemented together, within an interlocking web of the human rights framework, will provide the necessary safeguards against multiple and cross cutting forms of discrimination against women and children with disabilities. At the same time, different social movements must come together at these points of intersection in order to create a …
Comprehensive Strengthening Of Intellectual Property Adjudication Will Provide Powerful Judicial Guarantees For Constructing An Innovation-Based Country And Harmonious Society, Cao Jianming, Josef Rawert
Comprehensive Strengthening Of Intellectual Property Adjudication Will Provide Powerful Judicial Guarantees For Constructing An Innovation-Based Country And Harmonious Society, Cao Jianming, Josef Rawert
Washington International Law Journal
Multinational corporations and other foreigners bringing foreign direct investment to China have been willing to operate at a loss and risk having their intellectual property rights (“IPR”) infringed without recourse to effective legal protection, because they see a pay-off in the long run. As market reforms deepen and China’s economy continues to develop, so too will the power of judicial protection of IPR strengthen, the argument goes. This long-term outlook expects acceptable levels of legal protections for IPR to emerge and that significant competitive advantage will be enjoyed by those firmly established in Chinese markets when that happens. But what …
Entitled Against None: How The Wrongly Decided Croker Island Case Perpetuates Aboriginal Dispossession, Siiri Aileen Wilson
Entitled Against None: How The Wrongly Decided Croker Island Case Perpetuates Aboriginal Dispossession, Siiri Aileen Wilson
Washington International Law Journal
Australia’s 1992 landmark case of Mabo v. The State of Queensland [No. 2] revoked the concept of terra nullius and for the first time since European colonization of the continent allowed indigenous Australians to obtain legal ownership of their traditional lands. The following year this groundbreaking decision became statutory law with the enactment of the Native Title Act (NTA) of 1993. The case law and the statutory act both failed, however, to adequately address the question of Aboriginal claims to sea properties. For many Australian Aboriginal groups, ownership of traditional lands does not abruptly end at a shoreline but extends …
The Limits Of Expanding Patent Claim Scope To Provoke An Interference With A Competitor, Christopher L. Kuyper
The Limits Of Expanding Patent Claim Scope To Provoke An Interference With A Competitor, Christopher L. Kuyper
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
Businesses that launch new products or services generally understand the risk of suits for patent infringement from competitors and other patent holders. Such risks are especially high when the first business (“challenger,”) holds no patents on the product or service. However, commercializers that do have patents or patent applications covering their new product or service may be less aware of another lurking risk: a competitor or other party (“challenger,”) owning a separate patent application. In such a scenario, a challenger may provoke a patent interference proceeding to challenge the date of invention for the commercializer’s patent or patent application. This …
Thin Shields Pierce Easily: A Case For Fortifying The Journalists' Privilege In New Zealand, Devin M. Smith
Thin Shields Pierce Easily: A Case For Fortifying The Journalists' Privilege In New Zealand, Devin M. Smith
Washington International Law Journal
In late 2006, New Zealand’s Parliament inserted Section 68 into the nation’s Evidence Act 2006, providing for the first time a testimonial privilege specifically protecting journalists from compelled disclosure of their confidential sources. The privilege, commonly referred to as a shield law, has been met with approval from politicians, media commentators, and journalists, both in New Zealand and beyond. While New Zealand’s reporter shield law goes a long way toward extending press freedoms, it ultimately falls short of the country’s historically robust commitment to the free flow of information. Section 68’s most glaring shortcoming is the ease with which a …
China's Environmental Problems: Is A Specialized Court The Solution?, Darcey J. Goetz
China's Environmental Problems: Is A Specialized Court The Solution?, Darcey J. Goetz
Washington International Law Journal
China’s economic growth has come at a high price: environmental and natural resource destruction. Presently, China’s legal system is not prepared to protect China’s environmental resources. China’s State Council has expressed an interest in establishing a civil and administrative system to manage environmental matters. Some of the objectives expressed by the State Council could be achieved by creating a special tribunal to address environmental issues, similar to New Zealand’s Environment Court. A specialized court promotes environmental protection, and specialization creates experts in a specific field, allowing for consistency among decisions. An environmental court will fit into China’s current legal system …
Standardization In The European Information And Technology Sector: Official Procedures On The Verge Of Being Overhauled, Patrick Van Eecke, Maarten Truyens
Standardization In The European Information And Technology Sector: Official Procedures On The Verge Of Being Overhauled, Patrick Van Eecke, Maarten Truyens
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
As the European Commission pushes for a reform of traditional procedures in the Information and Communications Technology (“ICT”) sector, the standardization process is intensely debated on the European Union level. This Article provides a concise overview of the past and future European Union policies on ICT standardization and the issues such policies raise.
Electronic Pitfalls: The Online Modification Of Ongoing Consumer Service Agreements, Ben Casady
Electronic Pitfalls: The Online Modification Of Ongoing Consumer Service Agreements, Ben Casady
Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts
This Article examines the procedure for online modification of an ongoing consumer contract. It reviews the relevant case law, including Douglas v. U.S. District Court, a recent Ninth Circuit decision that calls into question the validity of changing contractual terms by merely posting the changes on the service provider’s Web site. The Article also examines the discrete components found in an effective online contract modification and provides practical pointers for contract drafters.