Law Commons^™

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Criminal Law And Procedure, Cullen D. Seltzer

University of Richmond Law Review

The past year has been an active one for the Virginia courts and General Assembly in the areas of criminal law and procedure. Developments include cases regarding the allowance of expert assistance to indigent criminal defendants and a defendant's right to a new trial based on after-discovered evidence. Driving under the influence [DUI] defendants are no longer entitled to their choice of a blood or breath test as a function of the implied consent law, and for felons convicted of committing an offense after December 31, 1994, parole is no longer an option. This article surveys these and other legislative …

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Environmental Law, Brian L. Buniva, James R. Kibler Jr.

University of Richmond Law Review

Since publication of the 1994 Annual Survey of Virginia Law' several significant judicial decisions, state statutes and state regulatory initiatives have demonstrated the increasing nexus between federal and Virginia environmental law. The federal and state courts have helped define the interrelationships between environmental law, tort law, land use law, and procedural/jurisdictional issues related to environmental law.

Liberalism And The Possibility Of Multicultural Constitutionalism: The Distinction Between Deliberative And Dedicated Cultures, Robert Justin Lipkin

University of Richmond Law Review

Liberalism and multicultural constitutionalism are on a collision course destined to become the next great battlefield in the unfolding odyssey of American constitutional law. The impending battle will define the scope and limits of liberal constitutionalism and its role as the model for democracy around the world. While turbulence between liberalism and multicultural constitutionalism occurs across a panoply of controversies, the eye of the storm focuses on one central question: Can liberalism tolerate non-liberal cultures? This article explores the hypothesis that liberalism's deep structure precludes it from explaining and justifying the toleration of non-liberal cultures. If so, this hypothesis has …

Form V. Substance: The Supreme Court Retreats Into Its Formalistic Shell In Oklahoma Tax Commission V. Jefferson Lines, Jason P. Livingston

University of Richmond Law Review

The Constitution expressly authorizes Congress to "regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States." However, it says nothing about the protection of interstate commerce absent any affirmative action by Congress. The Supreme Court has consistently recognized implicit in the language of the Commerce Clause "a further, negative command, known as the dormant Commerce Clause, prohibiting certain state taxation even when Congress has failed to legislate on the subject." In finding that states may constitutionally tax the local portion of interstate business transactions, the Court has held that "[it was not the purpose of the Commerce Clause to relieve …

Overtaking The Fifth Amendment: The Legislative Backlash Against Environmentalism, Michael Allan Wolf

Law Faculty Publications

These are heady times for the champions of private property rights. The U.S. Supreme Court, in Dolan v. City of Tigard, building on the foundation laid in Nollan v. California Coastal Commission and Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council,6 chastised a local government for its apparent failure to demonstrate that the development conditions placed on a commercial landowner were "roughly proportional" to the city's goals of floodplain protection and traffic regulation. Judges sitting on the U.S. Court of Claims ("Claims Court"), a veritable hotbed of regulatory takings activity, have issued a series of opinions resulting in hefty bills …

"Constructing" Nation Within States: The Quest For Federal Recognition By The Catawba And Lumbee Tribes, Anne Merline Mcculloch, David E. Wilkins

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Creating and in some cases re-creating viable tribal political communities within the construct of modern nation-state has proven to be a troublesome task for indigenous populations worldwide. The task for indigenous governments in the United States has been further complication by federalism's divisions of power between the states and the national government. Native American tribes often find themselves waging a two-front battle in which they must resist state encroachments over their lands and their inherent government authority; while at the same time they must lobby the federal government for protection of those same lands and powers.

History is replete with …

The "De-Selected" Senate Committee On Indian Affairs And Its Legislative Record, 1977-1992, David E. Wilkins

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

This essay has three major sections. In section one, I examine the Congress's constitutional responsibility for administration of the federal government's affairs with tribes. In section two, I describe the history of the various Indian committees from 1820 to 1977. Section three details the legislative record of the Senate Select Committee during its sixteen-year existence (1977-1993) as a "select" entity. Substantive policy content analysis of the committee's legislative activity, which is the next logical step leading to the construction of a theory or theories about congressional committees and their impact on the development of sound federal Indian policy, must await …

Tribal-State Affairs: The Next Proving Ground?, David E. Wilkins

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

While these more profound issues of structure and perception beg for solution, a more immediate problem has arisen with the advent of Republican dominance in the Congress. One of the likely outgrowths of this transference of political power is that Congress, along with the Supreme Court, which has been doing it for some time, may funnel more issues to the States and their subsidiary governments for resolution or administration. Such a transfer does not bode well for tribes. Remember the allotment of Indian lands (1880s-1930s) and the Termination of tribes (1950s-1960s)? Those policies essentially made tribes and their citizens subject …

Sitting Power Lines In Historic Areas Of Virginia, Amy Leigh Sheridan

University of Richmond Law Review

Historic preservationists in Virginia have a legislative tool to challenge a utility that seeks to erect a power line near a historical area. A public utility seeking approval of a proposed transmission line route must not only obtain a certificate of convenience and necessity pursuant to section 56-265.2 of the Virginia Code, but it must also comply with section 56-46.1 as well. With the passage of section 56-46.1, any interested party has the right to notice and the right to a hearing before the State Corporation Commission (SCC or Commission) when a power line siting decision is pending. Before approving …

University Of Richmond Law Review

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

Foreword, John M. Holloway Iii

University of Richmond Law Review

At the question and answer session following the Panel that examined the Kepone litigation twenty years later, Judge Merhige posed the "question that no one has asked... did [I do] the right thing?" The settlement that created the Virginia Environmental Endowment with the contribution from Allied Chemical remains both controversial and innovative today. This Symposium is a product of that settlement and it was created with the hope that we, as citizens and policy-makers, will continue to ask ourselves Judge Merhige's question. We also hope that the State of the Chesapeake Bay Symposium and that the annual Robert R. Merhige, …

Using Experience To Improve Superfund Remedy Selection, Robert H. Abrams

University of Richmond Law Review

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Cleanup, and Liability Act (CERCLA, a.k.a. "Superfund")' has earned its share of criticism, most volubly for the expense and unfairness of its cost allocation scheme, but also for its remedy selection process. In deciding how to remediate sites, CERCLA employs a lengthy formal process that, on average, takes over eight years from site awareness to the selection of a remedy. Less damningly, perhaps, only the last fifty-eight months of that time elapses after the site is scored as one serious enough to be placed on the National Priorities List as a site eligible to receive Superfund …

Risk And Regulation: How Much Is Too Much?, Peter H. Kostmayer

University of Richmond Law Review

The Emroch Lecture series was established through the generosity of the late Mr. Emanuel Emroch, his wife Bertha, and other family members and friends. Mr. Emroch held both undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Richmond. He was a distinguished civil trial practitionerin the City of Richmond for many years. Mr. Emroch was listed in Best Lawyers of America, was a Fellow of the International Academy of Trial Lawyers, and of the American College of Trial Lawyers, and was a charter member and past president of the Virginia Chapter of the American Board of Trial Advocates. He was also …

Facing A Time Of Counter-Revolution-- The Kepone Incident And A Review Of First Principles, Zygmunt J.B. Plater

University of Richmond Law Review

The Kepone contamination episode of 1966-75 was a milestone that focused an entire nation's attention on environmental hazards and our need to do better in recognizing and avoiding them. We have learned a great deal from that unfortunate story. The evolution of American environmental law since the Kepone debacle has repeatedly used the incident as a touchstone in identifying environmental pollution's causes, effects, and potential solutions.

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Antitrust And Trade Regulation, Michael F. Urbanski, Francis H. Casola

University of Richmond Law Review

Group boycott and antitrust conspiracy claims met with little success in Virginia this year. Both federal and state courts are increasingly wary of allowing cases to proceed where the essential elements of antitrust claims are not established or where no impact on competition is proven. Moreover, procedural and evidentiary difficulties have plagued antitrust plaintiffs this year. In short, the cases reflect judicial analysis that is both sophisticated and resistant to allowing meritless antitrust claims to get to a jury.

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Civil Practice And Procedure, Donald P. Boyle Jr.

University of Richmond Law Review

In Burroughs v. Palumbo, defendant was served with process through the Secretary of the Commonwealth. The grounds of defense was due to be filed on September 22, 1994. On September 29, 1994, defendant filed the notice of removal in federal court. On September 30, 1994, the state court entered default judgment against defendant. Later that same day, defendant filed the notice of removal with the state court. Between the time that defendant filed the notice of removal in federal court and the time that he filed it with the state court, both courts had jurisdiction over the case; therefore the …

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Property Law, L. Charles Long Jr., Gina M. Burgin, Pamela B. Beckner

University of Richmond Law Review

This article reviews selected judicial decisions and legislation affecting real property law in Virginia during the past year. Part I discusses some of the more significant cases decided by the Supreme Court of Virginia. Part II discusses some of this year's most significant legislation enacted by the Virginia General Assembly.

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Workers' Compensation, Wood W. Lay, Bruin S. Richardson Iii

University of Richmond Law Review

The Annual Survey last addressed Virginia Workers' Compensation law in 1992. The Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission [the Commission] decides almost 1500 decisions a year and, on average, 300 of these are appealed to the Court of Appeals of Virginia. Consequently, this article discusses only the most significant developments in workers' compensation between January 1993 and June 1995. In doing so, the article attempts to highlight areas of controversy and inconsistency.

University Of Richmond Law Review

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.

Procedural Labyrinths And The Injustice Of Death: A Critique Of Death Penalty Habeas Corpus (Part One), Alan W. Clarke

University of Richmond Law Review

Habeas corpus was once a broad writ of liberty: it served to give meaning to expanding notions of due process, it forced state judicial systems to obey constitutional commands, and it made effective modern conceptions of fundamental fairness. Although a simple implement of humble origin, U.S. habeas corpus became inextricably interwoven with the substantive rights it enforced. Without a practical remedy, cutting across state boundaries and affording uniform access, the substantive rights themselves lose meaning. A right without remedy is a right without meaning. Thus, habeas corpus became an important part of the substantive rights that it enforced.

United States V. National Treasury Employees Union And The Constitutionality Of The Honoraria Ban: Protecting The First Amendment Rights Of Public Employees, Judy M. Lin

University of Richmond Law Review

During the 1980s, government ethics were brought into the spotlight as the public's confidence in the integrity of government officials eroded. In an attempt to curb actual and perceived improprieties by government employees, and to reinforce the standards of integrity within the federal government, President Bush signed into law the Ethics Reform Act of 1989.

University Of Richmond Law Review Index

University of Richmond Law Review

This is the Index for Volume XXIX.

The Business Of The Supreme Court Revisited, John Paul Jones

Law Faculty Publications

Nearly seventy years after its publication, Prof. Jones revisits Felix Frankfurter and James McCauley Landis' seminal 1928 book.

Refining The Government Relations Program: The Final Report Of The Task Force On Aall's Government Relations Activities, Timothy L. Coggins

Law Faculty Publications

During the summer of 1993, Kay Todd, President Elect of the American Association of Law Libraries, named a special task force to review the Association's government relations activities, presenting it with a goal of achieving a better coordination of such activities. The charges to the Task Force on AALL's Government Relations Activities and the processes that the Task Force utilized in fulfilling these charges are outlined in the final and interim reports of the Task Force, which follow this introduction. The Interim Report of the Task Force was submitted to the AALL Executive Board prior to its April 1994 meeting …

Dr. Mudd And The Lincoln Assassination: The Case Reopened, John Paul Jones

Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Manuscript Selection Anti-Manifesto, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

Joining a conversation begun by James Lindgren, An Author's Manifesto, 61 U. Chi. L. Rev. 527 (1994), Prof. Tobias discusses the process of submission, review, and editorial work on articles published in student-edited law reviews.

An Author's Manifesto (Manifesto) constructively criticizes the amazingly arcane process of law review publication and affords salient suggestions for its improvement. The essay treats two aspects of this process-the selection of manuscripts and the editing of articles which sustain that venerable institution: student-edited law journals. Manifesto regales readers with many terrible tales of travesties which involve article editing but recounts comparatively few sordid stories that …

Stuck Inside The Heartland With Those Coastline Clerking Blues Again, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer, Circuit Judge Edward Becker, and Circuit Judge Guido Calabresi deserve kudos for helping to craft, implement, and publicize an efficacious solution to the increasing difficulties engendered by the selection of federal judicial law clerks. The jurists' essay, The Federal Judicial Law Clerk Hiring Problem and the Modest March 1 Solution, which recently appeared in the Yale Law Journal, is a must read for all those who participate in the process of law clerk hiring.

The concerted efforts of Justice Breyer and Judges Becker and Calabresi have apparently succeeded in bringing considerable order out of chaos, …

Introduction: Policy In The Wake Of The Kepone Incident, Joel B. Eisen

Law Faculty Publications

The goal of this panel was to examine the policies formed in the wake of the Kepone incident: the environmental laws, the regulations and policies that are designed to safeguard our natural resources to ensure that incidents such as the Kepone incident do not reoccur and if they do, to hold those responsible for environmental damage accountable for their actions.

Suggestions For Circuit Court Review Of Local Procedures, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

During the 1980s, both the Judicial Conference of the United States, which is the policy-making arm of the federal courts, and Congress evinced increasing concern about the proliferation of local civil procedures, such as local rules and the procedures that individual judges apply The Judicial Conference and Congress were particularly troubled by those local procedural requirements that conflicted with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (Federal Rules) or provisions of the United States Code.

In 1986, the Judicial Conference commissioned the Local Rules Project to collect and organize all local rules, standing orders of individual judges, and other local procedural …

Extending The Civil Justice Reform Act Of 1990, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

The passage of the Judicial Amendments act of 1994 postponed several key implementation deadlines prescribed by the Civil Justice Reform Act (CJRA) of 1990. Perhaps most significantly, the new legislation extends for one year the mid-1995 date when the RAND Corporation, which is studying ten pilot districts' experimentation with cost and delay reduction procedures, must submit its conclusions to the Judicial Conference of the United States. Numerous compelling arguments supported congressional postponement of this deadline. Most importantly, the RAND Corporation can now capture much additional data, which are critical to assessing accurately the procedures' effectiveness in decreasing expense and delay, …