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Full-Text Articles in Law

Failed Constitutional Metaphors: The Wall Of Separation And The Penumbra, Louis J. Sirico Jr. Jan 2011

Failed Constitutional Metaphors: The Wall Of Separation And The Penumbra, Louis J. Sirico Jr.

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.


Putting Rationality Back Into The Rational Basis Test: Saving Substantive Due Process And Redeeming The Promise Of The Ninth Amendment, Jeffrey D. Jackson Jan 2011

Putting Rationality Back Into The Rational Basis Test: Saving Substantive Due Process And Redeeming The Promise Of The Ninth Amendment, Jeffrey D. Jackson

University of Richmond Law Review

This article argues for the adoption of a strengthened rational basis test that would allow courts to scrutinize the actual purpose behind legislation and demand that the legislation actually be reasonably related to its valid legislative purpose. Part II looks at the question of why it is desirable to save substantive due process rather than replace it with some other doctrine. Part III examines how substantive due process came to be the dominant form of protection for unenumerated rights, and how it has evolved from its antecedents in English law to the current test. It concludes that substantive due process …


Beyond Formalist Sovereignty: Who Can Represent "We The People Of The United States" Today?, David Chang Jan 2011

Beyond Formalist Sovereignty: Who Can Represent "We The People Of The United States" Today?, David Chang

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.


Modal Retributivism: A Theory Of Sanctions For Attempts And Other Criminal Wrongs, Anthony M. Dillof Jan 2011

Modal Retributivism: A Theory Of Sanctions For Attempts And Other Criminal Wrongs, Anthony M. Dillof

University of Richmond Law Review

Rather than building the case for modal retributivism from the ground up, this article takes the existing components of retributive thought and reassembles them into a sounder structure. The cogency of the argument against harm-based retributivism andthe appeal of modal retributivism will likely be strongest forthose who allow reason, as opposed to intuition, a leading role in resolving moral issues.


Blowing Out All The Candles: A Few Thoughts On The Twenty-Fifth Birthday Of The Sentencing Reform Act Of 1984, J. C. Oleson Jan 2011

Blowing Out All The Candles: A Few Thoughts On The Twenty-Fifth Birthday Of The Sentencing Reform Act Of 1984, J. C. Oleson

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.


Protecting The Ivory Tower: Sensible Security Or Invasion Of Privacy, Stephen D. Lichtenstein Jan 2011

Protecting The Ivory Tower: Sensible Security Or Invasion Of Privacy, Stephen D. Lichtenstein

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Our beginning point is a recognition that the modern American college is not an insurer of the safety of its students. Whatever may have been its responsibility in an earlier era, the authoritarian role of today's college administrations has been notably diluted in recent decades. Trustees, administrators, and faculties have been required to yield to the expanding rights and privileges of their students. By constitutional amendment, written and unwritten law, and through the evolution of new customs, rights formerly possessed by college administrations have been transferred to students. College students today are no longer ninors; they are now regarded as …


Notable Bills Of The 2011 General Assembly Jan 2011

Notable Bills Of The 2011 General Assembly

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

House and Senate Bills from the 2011 General Assembly


Dred Scott V. Sandford: A Prelude To The Civil War, Faith Joseph Jackson Jan 2011

Dred Scott V. Sandford: A Prelude To The Civil War, Faith Joseph Jackson

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article will first review the foundational cracks that slavery left in the creation of the United States' Constitution. It will then examine the ensuing legislative efforts to contend with the political and societal consequences of the slavery divide. Next, it will discuss the history behind the Scott case, and the course and resolution of the case in the court system. It will then describe the notoriety of the case and the impact it had on the events leading up to the war. It will conclude with an analysis of Dred Scott's position at the locus of only real conflict …


From Closet To Court Room: Asylum As A Judicial Step Towards Full Equality Between Sexual Orientations, Rory Riley Jan 2011

From Closet To Court Room: Asylum As A Judicial Step Towards Full Equality Between Sexual Orientations, Rory Riley

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Part I of this article provides a history of the federal appellate system, noting the detrimental impact circuit splits can have on the resolution of a particular legal issue. Part II sets out the history and the current state of asylum and sexual identity claims in the United States. Part III provides an analysis of when the Supreme Court has historically intervened in previous social controversies, such as segregation, interracial marriage, and gay rights in the context of substantive due process. Part IV discusses the importance of timely Supreme Court intervention in asylum sexual identity matters, particularly as issues surrounding …


Courts Re-Examine The Application Of Goldfinger-Era Electronic Tracking Cases To Law Enforcement Use Of Gps Tracking Devices, Joshua A. Engel Jan 2011

Courts Re-Examine The Application Of Goldfinger-Era Electronic Tracking Cases To Law Enforcement Use Of Gps Tracking Devices, Joshua A. Engel

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

GPS tracking devices have become inexpensive, small, and can easily be attached to a vehicle quickly. Law enforcement is increasingly using these devices to track the exact location of a suspect's vehicle over a long period of time. In most instances, relying on Supreme Court cases from the early 1980's, law enforcement has not sought a warrant before using these devices. This paper examines how courts have attempted to apply Supreme Court precedents based on "primitive" tracking devices to modern GPS tracking devices. These precedents established that the use of electronic tracking devices on vehicles did not constitute a search …


The Unavoidable Ecclesiastical Collision In Virginia, Isaac A. Mcbeth, Jennifer R. Sykes Jan 2011

The Unavoidable Ecclesiastical Collision In Virginia, Isaac A. Mcbeth, Jennifer R. Sykes

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Section 5 7-9(A) of the Code of Virginia is a statute that purports to resolve church property disputes. There is, however, a significant amount of controversy as to whether the statute encroaches on the free exercise rights of hierarchical churches located in Virginia and enmeshes Virginia courts in the ecclesiastical thicket. Given the debate surrounding Section 57-9(A) and the controversial shift of several mainstream denominations in matters of substantive church doctrine, Virginia is a fertile breeding ground for church property disputes. Accordingly, the Commonwealth is in the midst of an ecclesiastical crisis. The impact of the crisis is evidenced by …


With Great Technology Comes Great Responsibility: Virginia's Legislative Approach To Combating Cyberbullying, Kelsey Farbotko Jan 2011

With Great Technology Comes Great Responsibility: Virginia's Legislative Approach To Combating Cyberbullying, Kelsey Farbotko

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This comment will examine Virginia's statutory response to the growing problem of cyberbullying, focusing particularly on the bills introduced in the most recent Virginia General Assembly ses- sion. Section II will define cyberbullying and other cybercrimes, as well as discuss the effects of this form of harassment and the impor- tance of regulating speech in this manner. Section III will describe current statutes that regulate cyberbullying, as well as the three bills that came before the Virginia General Assembly in its 2011 session. Particularly important is House Bill 2059, which differs from the oth- er two bills not only because …


Sanctuary From De Facto Deportation: The New Sanctuary Movement And De Facto Deportation Claims For Children Challenging Illegal Immigrant Parents' Removal Orders, Kristin Maun Jan 2011

Sanctuary From De Facto Deportation: The New Sanctuary Movement And De Facto Deportation Claims For Children Challenging Illegal Immigrant Parents' Removal Orders, Kristin Maun

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This comment will give an overview of past and present sanctuary movements, the legal strategies they have formulated to defend those whom they shelter, and their impact on immigration law and policy. Then it will examine the particular strategy of de facto deportation-the NSM's legal strategy of choice-to understand what is necessary to establish the claim, and whether it could nullify an alien parent's removal order. Next, it will analyze two legal principles underlying de facto deportation claims: the right of a child to be raised by his parents and the right of a citizen child to reside in the …


Automobile Consent Searches: The Driver's Options In A Lose-Lose Situation, Arthur J. Park Jan 2011

Automobile Consent Searches: The Driver's Options In A Lose-Lose Situation, Arthur J. Park

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

"Do you mind if I take a quick look in the vehicle?" This is a question that countless Americans hear every day, but very few citizens understand the ramifications of their answer. How long can the officer keep me here? What if there is something in my car that I do not know about? Can I be arrested if I refuse the search? This article will address the legal context surrounding consent searches of automobiles in order to provide some clarity to drivers and passengers that are put in this lose-lose situation.


Judicial Gatekeeping And The Seventh Amendment: How Daubert Infringes On The Constitutional Right To A Civil Jury Trial, Brandon L. Boxler Jan 2011

Judicial Gatekeeping And The Seventh Amendment: How Daubert Infringes On The Constitutional Right To A Civil Jury Trial, Brandon L. Boxler

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This Article begins by reviewing the history, purpose, and function of the Seventh Amendment within the American constitutional system. It then discusses the Supreme Court's analytical framework for preserving the fundamental features of the right to a civil jury trial while simultaneously permitting rational legal development of the jury system. Next, the Article provides a brief overview of the Court's Daubert jurisprudence, and argues that the creation of judicial gatekeeping has caused an institutional shift of adjudicatory authority away from juries and into the hands of judges in violation of the Seventh Amendment. The Article concludes by suggesting three legal …


Health Care Reform In Virginia: Lessons Learned Before, During, And After The 2011 Virginia General Assembly, Hunter W. Jamerson Jan 2011

Health Care Reform In Virginia: Lessons Learned Before, During, And After The 2011 Virginia General Assembly, Hunter W. Jamerson

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article surveys Virginia's initial foray into health care reform. This process began with the Virginia Health Reform Initiative, which had a significant presence in the Virginia 2011 General Assembly session. While the nascent health care reform efforts this session reflect only incremental steps, they are indicative of Virginia's direction and commitment to change. Such change, however, will carry great political and professional strife. This article highlights some examples of the challenges faced on the road to health care reform and discusses possible directions of future legislation in the Virginia General Assembly.


Legislative Control Of The Menhaden Fishery, Nicole M. Rovner, Matthew G. Curtis Jan 2011

Legislative Control Of The Menhaden Fishery, Nicole M. Rovner, Matthew G. Curtis

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This year, six menhaden- related bills were introduced in the Virginia General Assembly. Delegate John Cosgrove (RChesapeake) introduced legislation in the House of Delegates that was identical to Senate Bill 765, a bill that proposed to shift oversight of the menhaden fishery to the VMRC. This article aims to highlight the unique stance taken by Virginia's legislature and explain why this management is better left to the commission responsible for managing every other fishery in the Commonwealth. While there may not be a conclusive link between reduction industry practices and a decline in water quality, Virginia's legislators should recognize the …


Top Jobs Act Higher Education Reform Legislation, Mark E. Rubin Jan 2011

Top Jobs Act Higher Education Reform Legislation, Mark E. Rubin

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

The most important piece of legislation affecting higher educa- tion passed by the 2011 Virginia General Assembly was Governor McDonnell's higher education reform bill. The title of the bill is quite expressive-"Preparing for the Top Jobs of the 21st Century: The Virginia Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2011," or "TJ21.", It is significant because of its breadth, its innovative ap- proach to funding, and the government relations strategy utilized to assure its passage.


How House Bill 2063 And The Expansion Of Access To Protective Orders Could Have Saved Yeardley Love's Life, Amy Weiss Jan 2011

How House Bill 2063 And The Expansion Of Access To Protective Orders Could Have Saved Yeardley Love's Life, Amy Weiss

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

Battered women often face an uphill battle in the legal system. In the 2011 session, the Virginia General Assembly added a new tool to these women's arsenal.o An amended version of House Bill 2063 sponsored by Delegate Rob Bell (R- Albemarle) passed the House and Senate unanimously on February 26, 2011. This paper will examine Virginia protective order law before the enactment of House Bill 2063, how Yeardley Love's death was a catalyst for reform of the law, how the law will change under House Bill 2063, and possible future developments in legislative reform that could further help victims of …


Future Of Equality For Virginia's Tribes: Reform The Federal Recognition Process To Repair Injustice,, Katherine Womack Jan 2011

Future Of Equality For Virginia's Tribes: Reform The Federal Recognition Process To Repair Injustice,, Katherine Womack

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article first examines the historical background of the Virginian-American Indian identity after European contact in Part I. This section looks at the early interactions between American Indians and colonial settlers, the treaties that defined American Indian identity, and the first government-to-government relationships between the tribes and colonial powers. It also follows the changing social attitudes toward American Indians. Part II discusses how social attitudes in the early twentieth century about American Indians led to longreaching legal effects for Virginian-American Indians. Part III details the federal recognition process, and discusses how and why it denies Virginia's tribes an equal place …