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University of Michigan Law School

Journal

1969

Articles 31 - 60 of 86

Full-Text Articles in Law

Racial Imbalance, Black Separatism, And Permissible Classification By Race, Norman Vieira Jun 1969

Racial Imbalance, Black Separatism, And Permissible Classification By Race, Norman Vieira

Michigan Law Review

The Article will begin with a discussion of the School Segregation Cases which have been invoked both to sustain and to invalidate corrective racial classification. It will then review federal discrimination against Japanese-Americans and against Indians, as well as the more obscure discrimination found in immigration and naturalization laws. It will also consider, in some detail, the paradoxical rules governing the discriminatory selection of jurors and, in lesser detail, the cases dealing with domestic relations and racial designations. A concluding section will discuss black separatism and general policy matters relating to the correction of imbalance in the schools. The Article …

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Witherspoon: Administrative Implementation Of Civil Rights, Leon Mayhew May 1969

Witherspoon: Administrative Implementation Of Civil Rights, Leon Mayhew

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Administrative Implementation of Civil Rights by Joseph Parker Witherspoon

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Sturm & Whitaker: Implementing A New Constitution: The Michigan Experience, Walter D. De Vries May 1969

Sturm & Whitaker: Implementing A New Constitution: The Michigan Experience, Walter D. De Vries

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Implementing a New Constitution: The Michigan Experience by Albert L. Sturm and Margaret Whitaker

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The Congressional Invitation To Avoid The Preliminary Hearing: An Analysis Of Section 303 Of The Federal Magistrates Act Of 1968, Patricia W. Weinberg, Robert L. Weinberg May 1969

The Congressional Invitation To Avoid The Preliminary Hearing: An Analysis Of Section 303 Of The Federal Magistrates Act Of 1968, Patricia W. Weinberg, Robert L. Weinberg

Michigan Law Review

Under prior law, it is true, many federal prosecutors routinely avoided preliminary hearings by securing continuances of the hearing date until after an indictment was obtained. But this ploy required a complaisant magistrate or an inert defendant. Moreover, the propriety of using continuances to circumvent the accused's right to a preliminary hearing had come under increasing and sometimes successful attack. Section 303, if literally construed, can legitimize the prosecutorial practice of mooting the defendant's right to a preliminary hearing under rule 5(c) by obtaining a relatively quick indictment. This predictable use or abuse of the Act should and can be …

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Watson: Psychiatry For Lawyers, Herbert C. Modlin M.D. May 1969

Watson: Psychiatry For Lawyers, Herbert C. Modlin M.D.

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Psychiatry for Lawyers by Andrew S. Watson

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Cipes: The Crime War, Michael S. Josephson May 1969

Cipes: The Crime War, Michael S. Josephson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Crime War by Robert M. Cipes

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Recent Patterns Of Testate Succession In The United States And England, Olin L. Browder Jr. May 1969

Recent Patterns Of Testate Succession In The United States And England, Olin L. Browder Jr.

Michigan Law Review

This study purports to be in part a comparison of American and English testamentary practices. The virtual absence in England of estate records as we know them imposed limitations on the attainment of this objective. For present purposes, data concerning English practices were derived almost entirely from one hundred English wills selected at random from those filed during the year 1963 in the Principal Probate Registry in London. To the extent that these wills came from all over England and Wales, they can be regarded as representative of English practices generally. But the much smaller size of the sample in …

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Reimbursement Of Defense Costs As A Condition Of Probation For Indigents, Michigan Law Review May 1969

Reimbursement Of Defense Costs As A Condition Of Probation For Indigents, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

It is extremely difficult to obtain precise information concerning the prevalence of this practice. There is only one reported case on the subject, and empirical evidence is almost wholly lacking because of the wide discretion granted sentencing courts in imposing probation conditions, and because of the reluctance of appellate courts to review the exercise of that discretion. However, courts have frequently imposed costs on nonindigent probationers, and in many jurisdictions the statutes which authorize such a probation condition with respect to solvent probationers seem broad enough to include indigents as well. Moreover, two recent studies have unearthed specific data which …

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Ucc--Secured Transactions--Judicial Sales--Purchaser At Judicial Sale Takes Property Subject To Unperfected Security Interest Of Which He Has Knowledge, Michigan Law Review May 1969

Ucc--Secured Transactions--Judicial Sales--Purchaser At Judicial Sale Takes Property Subject To Unperfected Security Interest Of Which He Has Knowledge, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

p>The first question for consideration is the applicability of the "shelter provision" of section 2-403(1) to these cases. This section may be relied upon by different parties depending upon the nature of the sale. When a bankruptcy sale is involved, the buyer may claim, as Armstrong did in Mitchell, that the section allows him to succeed to the trustee's priority over unperfected security interests. When an ordinary judicial sale is involved, however, there is no intermediate transferee with both title to the property and a clear claim to priority, and the secured party may rely on this section …

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Income Tax: Corporate Distribution--Tax Benefit Rule Does Not Qualify The Explicit Nonrecognition Of Gain Provision Of Section 337--Anders V. Commissioner, Michigan Law Review May 1969

Income Tax: Corporate Distribution--Tax Benefit Rule Does Not Qualify The Explicit Nonrecognition Of Gain Provision Of Section 337--Anders V. Commissioner, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

D. B. Anders was the sole stockholder of D. B. Anders, Inc., an industrial service concern which rented supplies of laundered apparel, coveralls, towels, and related textiles. In May 1961, the corporation adopted a plan of complete liquidation and within twelve months sold substantially all of its operating assets, including the rental items, to another corporation which intended to carry on the same type of business. Of the gain from that sale, $233,000 was allocated to the rental items, the entire cost of which had been deducted by the company in the year of purchase as an ordinary and necessary …

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The Fortas Controversy: The Senate's Role Of Advice And Consent To Judicial Nominations, Prospectus: A Journal Of Law Reform Apr 1969

The Fortas Controversy: The Senate's Role Of Advice And Consent To Judicial Nominations, Prospectus: A Journal Of Law Reform

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Introduction to the Articles, The Broad Role by Robert P. Griffin, and The Discriminating Role by Philip A. Hart

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The Discriminating Role, Philip A. Hart Apr 1969

The Discriminating Role, Philip A. Hart

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The controversy which arose in the summer of 1968 over the nomination of Mr. Justice Abe Fortas to be Chief Justice of the United States has raised serious questions about the proper role of the Senate in advising and consenting to such nominations. That Sen. Hart’s remarks may be read in perspective, it should be mentioned that he supported strongly the nomination of Mr. Fortas. Hart believes that were it not for the unique circumstances of the summer of 1968- the erosion of the power of the President with the approach of a political campaign, the nearness of the end …

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Integrated Pretrial Attack On A Pleading: A Critical Evaluation Of Michigan's New Summary Judgement Rule, Carl S. Hawkins, Brett R. Dick Apr 1969

Integrated Pretrial Attack On A Pleading: A Critical Evaluation Of Michigan's New Summary Judgement Rule, Carl S. Hawkins, Brett R. Dick

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Modern procedural reforms reflect diminished confidence in the demurrer or "no cause" motion as a device to dispose of non-meritorious claims before trial. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, setting the pattern of reform for many states, abolished the demurrer. Although a preliminary attack upon the legal sufficiency of the complaint is still permitted by a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule 12 (b) (6), the challenged pleading may be amended as a matter of course, to minimize the risk that a good claim might be lost because it was poorly pleaded. The risk that sham amendments might then be …

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A Proposed Cure For The Intervention Blues, Lawrence E. Hard Apr 1969

A Proposed Cure For The Intervention Blues, Lawrence E. Hard

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This article does not purport to provide a study of the doctrine of subrogation and the merits of that doctrine in the context of insurance coverage. There are several difficult questions which could be raised as to the proper role of subrogation in insurance litigation. This article assumes the propriety of extending the right of subrogation to the type of medical and hospital payment plans offered by the Services and analyses the device of intervention as a method of enforcing the Services' right to contractual subrogation.

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Union Political Involvement And Reform Of Campaign Financing Regulation, George P. Macdonald Apr 1969

Union Political Involvement And Reform Of Campaign Financing Regulation, George P. Macdonald

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The spiraling costs of political campaigns 5 and the continuing significant role played by unions and corporations in the financing of those campaigns call for an examination of section 610's efficacy as a prohibitory statute. This article will focus on the use of labor union funds in the financial aspects of national politics. It will first discuss the loopholes in section 610: those loopholes created through narrow judicial interpretation of the statute and those resulting from its imprecise drafting. Particular emphasis will be placed upon an analysis of the sources of funds available to unions for political activities and the …

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Short-Term Rehabilitation And Crim Prevention, Jon C. Mackay Apr 1969

Short-Term Rehabilitation And Crim Prevention, Jon C. Mackay

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Any program designed to reduce the rate of recidivism in the United States must be viewed as a valuable tool of crime prevention. It can be safely said that at least two-thirds of the crimes committed every year are committed by recidivists, for over the past decade approximately fifty to sixty per cent of all offenders have become repeaters. Thus the elimination of the recidivist in our society would result in a minimum reduction of thirty-three per cent in the number of crimes committed over a given period of time. The task of eliminating recidivism has been left to the …

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Overcoming Barriers To Scattered-Site Low-Cost Housing, Darrel J. Grinstead Apr 1969

Overcoming Barriers To Scattered-Site Low-Cost Housing, Darrel J. Grinstead

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The effect of most zoning devices which have been used in suburban and non-ghetto city planning in the past few decades has been to erect substantial economic barriers around entire cities. These devices include minimum lot size requirements, density zoning, frontage requirements, single family restrictions, and minimum living space requirements. While such zoning practices may not be exclusionary in purpose, exclusion of minority groups has been the result. Moreover, since most minorities are heavily concentrated in low income groups, economic segregation will bring about a high degree of racial and ethnic segregation. Indeed, it has been suggested that these economic …

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Wage Garnishment Should Be Prohibited, William T. Kerr Apr 1969

Wage Garnishment Should Be Prohibited, William T. Kerr

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Historically, the statutory treatment of wage garnishment among the states has been characterized primarily by its diversity. Although most states exempt a specified amount of a man's wage from the reach of his creditors, the dollar levels of these exemptions are as various as the methods chosen to compute the amount to be exempted. In addition, legislators, some union spokesmen and some legal commentators have become increasingly aware of the role of wage garnishment in the "debtor-spiral" of easy credit, discharge from employment, bankruptcy and welfare. Inevitably this spiral involves a disproportionate impact on the poor. Impelled by these concerned …

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Financial Statement Insurance: A New Approach To Ivestor Protection, Stephen Z. Surridge Apr 1969

Financial Statement Insurance: A New Approach To Ivestor Protection, Stephen Z. Surridge

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The accounting profession rapidly is moving toward a crisis in liability. Members of the investing public are suing accountants with mounting frequency and success. This article will analyze briefly the origin and present dimensions of the crisis, and then propose a plan for replacing court-imposed liability with insured liability through the offering of financial statement insurance. The essentials of the plan can be simply stated. Insurance would be offered by accountants to investors on a voluntary basis in conjunction with purchases and sales of corporate stock and securities. Individual investors would be able to purchase from the auditors of a …

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Theory And Application Of Roscoe Pound's Sociological Jurisprudence: Crime Prevention Or Control?, Louis H. Masotti, Michael A. Weinstein Apr 1969

Theory And Application Of Roscoe Pound's Sociological Jurisprudence: Crime Prevention Or Control?, Louis H. Masotti, Michael A. Weinstein

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The current interest in reforming the administration of justice has been triggered by a number of factors including the 1967 report of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice and the treatment afforded arrestees during the civil disorders of the past few years. The nation is alarmed at the reported annual increases in crime, and this alarm was manifested in the 1968 presidential election when "law and order" became a major issue. Superficially the answer may seem clear: more effective enforcement of the law and, when necessary, more stringent laws. The critical issue, however, is a …

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The Broad Role, Robert P. Griffin Apr 1969

The Broad Role, Robert P. Griffin

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This article will expand on two major points: first, the nature of the higher responsibility which the Senate owes to considerations of judicial nominations; and second, the factors generally influencing non-consent in the Fortas case. The purpose is not to reopen a discussion of the particularities of Justice Abe Fortas' quality for appointment as Chief Justice of the United States. Rather we will be concerned only with the types of factors influencing a Senate determination.

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Personal Privacy In The Computer Age: The Challenge Of A New Technology In An Information-Oriented Society, Arthur R. Miller Apr 1969

Personal Privacy In The Computer Age: The Challenge Of A New Technology In An Information-Oriented Society, Arthur R. Miller

Michigan Law Review

The purpose of this Article is to survey the new technology's implications for personal privacy and to evaluate the contemporary common-law and statutory pattern relating to data-handling. In the course of this examination, it will appraise the existing framework's capacity to deal with the problems created by society's growing awareness of the primordial character of information. The Article is intended to be suggestive; any attempt at definitiveness would be premature. Avowedly, it was written with the bias of one who believes that the new information technology has enormous long-range societal implications and who is concerned about the consequences of the …

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Schwartz: Rights Of The Person, Hans A. Linde Apr 1969

Schwartz: Rights Of The Person, Hans A. Linde

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Rights of the Person by Bernard Schwartz

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Contracts--Consideration--Inadequacy Of Consideration As A Factor In Determining Unconscionability Under Section 2-302 Of The Uniform Commercial Code, Michigan Law Review Apr 1969

Contracts--Consideration--Inadequacy Of Consideration As A Factor In Determining Unconscionability Under Section 2-302 Of The Uniform Commercial Code, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Section 2-302 of the Uniform Commercial Code (Code) provides that a court may refuse to enforce all or part of a contract if it finds that the contract, or any part of it, was unconscionable when made. In American Home Improvement, Inc. v. MacIver the Supreme Court of New Hampshire apparently held that a price substantially in excess of the value of the goods and services sold was sufficient in itself to constitute unconscionability under this provision of the Code. The high price was at least in part attributable to high time-credit charges, and, as noted by the court, the …

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Constitutional Law--Equal Protection--Property Ownership Qualifications On The Right To Vote In Special Municipal Elections--Cipriano V. City Of Houma, Michigan Law Review Apr 1969

Constitutional Law--Equal Protection--Property Ownership Qualifications On The Right To Vote In Special Municipal Elections--Cipriano V. City Of Houma, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Plaintiff, a resident of Houma, Louisiana, who owned no real property, brought a class action seeking to prevent the city from issuing utility revenue bonds approved by a vote of the property taxpayers at a special election. He argued that the Louisiana statute restricting the right to vote in such elections to property owners was unconstitutional. Plaintiff relied on Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections, in which the Supreme Court declared that Virginia's required payment of poll taxes for voting in general elections was a violation of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment. Harper, he claimed, …

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Labor Relations--Consumer Picketing Under Section 8(B) (4) (Ii) (B) Of The National Labor Relations Act--Honolulu Typographical Union, No. 37, I.T.U., A.F.L.-C.I.O. V. Nlrb, Michigan Law Review Apr 1969

Labor Relations--Consumer Picketing Under Section 8(B) (4) (Ii) (B) Of The National Labor Relations Act--Honolulu Typographical Union, No. 37, I.T.U., A.F.L.-C.I.O. V. Nlrb, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

The principal case is concerned generally with the problem of secondary activity by unions, and specifically with the application of a judicially created exception to the general prohibition against such activity. As originally written, section 8(b)(4) was intended to protect neutral employers from becoming involved in disputes between other employers and unions by prohibiting certain union activities. Among the practices forbidden was the traditional secondary boycott which arises when a union in a dispute with a primary employer brings pressure to bear on other employers (secondary employers), through their employees, to cease doing business with the primary. However, the statute …

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Howard: Mr. Justice Murphy, A Political Biography, Eugene Gressman Apr 1969

Howard: Mr. Justice Murphy, A Political Biography, Eugene Gressman

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Mr. Justice Murphy, A Political Biography by J. Woodford Howard

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Jennings & Marsh, Jr: Securities Regulation: Cases And Materials (2d Ed.), Homer Kripke Apr 1969

Jennings & Marsh, Jr: Securities Regulation: Cases And Materials (2d Ed.), Homer Kripke

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Securities Regulation: Cases and Materials (2d ed.) by Richard W. Jennings and Harold Marsh, Jr.

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The Appropriate Unit Question In The Public Service: The Problem Of Proliferation, Eli Rock Mar 1969

The Appropriate Unit Question In The Public Service: The Problem Of Proliferation, Eli Rock

Michigan Law Review

The purpose of this Article is to focus on certain distinguishing aspects of both the problem and the experience in the public sector, and to discuss a possible approach or philosophy for the future. The primary concern here is undue proliferation of units among the large pool of blue-collar and white-collar employees in the public service. No attempt will be made to deal with special groups such as policemen and firemen, in which the unit question is less difficult. Nor will I discuss the unique problems of supervisors and professional employees, such as teachers, which are sufficiently important and complex …

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Collective Bargaining In Higher Education, Ralph S. Brown Jr. Mar 1969

Collective Bargaining In Higher Education, Ralph S. Brown Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Clearly, there are many institutions where the model of shared authority has been attained; there are many more where it is attainable; and, unfortunately, there are many where it is not foreseeable. It is the first thesis of this Article that the advantages of an internal framework of representation make it worthwhile to strive for its realization.

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