Law Commons^™

Rugged Coastline, Carmel, Jamie Kelly

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

Heavenly Lake Tahoe, Steven Nance

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

Wasatch, Brooke Wangsgard

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

California’S Groundwater: A Legally Neglected Resource, Jan Stevens

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

Trees, Lake Tahoe, California, Steve Nance

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

U.S. Preservation Requirements And Eu Data Protection: Headed For Collision, Tania Abbas

UC Law SF International Law Review

Large, multinational corporations today preserve vast quantities of electronic data out of fear that they will suffer sanctions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure for destroying evidence that could be relevant to ongoing or pending litigation. But, as U.S. companies hoard data, European regulators are stepping up enforcement of privacy laws that require the systematic elimination of data that identifies individuals without their consent. These laws, such as EU Directive 95/46, on the Protection of Individuals with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of Such Data, are arguably far-reaching and may affect data …

Administrative Procedure And Foreign Antibribery Enforcement: Restoring Balance Through Procedural Transparency, Daniel R. Wilson

UC Law SF International Law Review

The Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission aggressively pursue and punish individuals and companies who bribe or attempt to bribe foreign officials in other countries pursuant to the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (FCPA). However, the FCPA as it is currently interpreted by the Department of Justice has been the object of growing criticism. The United States Chamber of Commerce has argued that good faith efforts to comply with the law are often unsuccessful and that statutory amendments are necessary to "secure clarity" with respect to enforcement policy. A year ago, the Department of Justice responded …

Japanese Legal Reform In Institutional, Ideological, And Comparative Perspective, Frank K. Upham

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Should We Award Mr. Sugano A Valid Patent: Rethinking The Federal Circuit's Rigid Written Description Requirement In Gene Patents, Ning Bao

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

Whether a separate written description exists in 35 U.S.C. § 112 of the United States Code has been the subject of much debate. In Ariad v. Eli Lilly, the Federal Circuit attempted to settle the issue. An en banc panel consisting of eleven judges decided the case; and the court also received twenty-five amicus briefs. The arguments encompassed statutory interpretation, legal precedence, and policy concerns. The nine-judge majority favored a separate written description requirement, while Judge Rader and Judge Linn strongly opposed the majority decision. Whether the holding in A riad is "correct" is beyond the scope of this note. …

Titans And Trolls Enter The Open-Source Arena, Debra Brubaker Burns

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

Open-source software has become a prominent part of the software industry, due in part to its applications in mobile devices, online social networks, and cloud computing. As a result, the open-source community is an increasingly attractive litigation target for patent trolls and titans. While in the past the open-source community focused primarily on ensuring license compliance, it now must reach beyond open-source licensing agreements and vigilantly employ multiple current or as yet untested defensive maneuvers to withstand the threats of patent lawsuits.

Copyright Protection For Search Results: Hiybbprqag, Mbzrxpgjys, And Indoswiftjobinproduction, Joshua L. Young

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

Since the digital revolution, it is estimated that the sum of all information in the world doubles every two years. Yet information is only useful to the extent people can effectively access and utilize the information they need. The search engine Google has met this challenge better than any of its competitors and as a result has become one of the most profitable companies in the world. In 2010, Google began to suspect that a competing search engine, Bing, was copying Google's search results in order to gain a competitive edge. Yet, despite the immense financial implications at stake, whether …

Afterlife In The Cloud: Managing A Digital Estate, Jamie P. Hopkins

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

This digitalization of wealth has challenged the effectiveness and efficiencies of traditional estate planning mechanisms. As such, modified estate planning techniques and the development of digital estate planning services have created serious privacy, security, and efficiency concerns for the transfer and management of digital estates. The creation and adjustment of digital estate planning solutions are required to ensure the privacy, security, and proper disposition of digital estates. However, because the problems facing digital estate planning are extremely complex, a combination of legislative action, creative lawyering, and improved online service agreements are required to effectively and efficiently transform estate planning into …

The Timeliness Of Financial Reporting: An Empirical Legal Study Of Russian Banks, Robert W. Mcgee, Yeomin Yoon, Thomas Tarangelo

UC Law Business Journal

The timeliness of financial reporting has been an important topic in the accounting literature for decades. There is a tradeoff between the timeliness of reporting and the value of the information being reported. Prior to the advent of the Internet, reporting had to be done using print media. However, now that many companies post their annual and quarterly reports on the Internet, it is possible to report in a more timely fashion than has previously been possible. The problem is that companies in some countries do not make full use of this disclosure tool. They sometimes take many months to …

Smashing The Copyright Act To Make Room For The Mashup Artist: How A Four-Tiered Matrix Better Accommodates Evolving Technology And Needs Of The Entertainment Industry, Caroline Kinsey

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

With the rise of online blogging, social networking platforms, and videosharing sites such as YouTube and Yahoo Video, it is now possible for one individual to rival the span of entire media empires from one's basement computer. Commonly known as the Web 2.0 phenomenon, the combination of these technological advancements with video platforms that encourage users to "engage, create, and share content online" has fundamentally transformed the music industry. No longer are fans passive listeners, but instead, with the click of a mouse and access to the Internet, they become "publisher[s], TV network[s], radio station[s], movie studio[s], record label[s], and …

An Actual Problem In First Amendment Jurisprudence: Examining The Immediate Impact Of Brown's Proof-Of-Causation Doctrine On Free Speech And Its Compatibility With The Marketplace Theory, Clay Calvert, Matthew D. Bunker

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

This article analyzes the immediate impact on First Amendment jurisprudence of the U.S. Supreme Court's "direct causal link" requirement adopted in 2011 in Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association. In embracing an empirically focused proof-of-causation doctrine, Brown marked the first time in the Court's history it had used the phrase "direct causal link" in any free speech case. But just one year later, in a very different factual context in United States v. Alvarez, the Court struck down a federal law making it a crime to lie about earning military medals. In December 2012, a federal judge used Brown's "direct causal …

Internet Freedom And Computer Abuse, Lothar Determann

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act ("CFAA") has a bad reputation. It is associated with constitutional law challenges and community outrage. It played a role in the tragic suicide of Aaron Swartz, computer programmer, Internet activist and CFAA defendant. It has been decried as a basis for abuse of justice, which is ironic, given its title and focus on punishing abuse. It has been called "the worst law in technology" and "the most outrageous criminal law you've never heard of." It is loathed and feared as a threat to Internet freedom.

A particular concern is that the law could criminalize …

The Overexpansion Of The Communications Decency Act Safe Harbor, Joey Ou

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

Congress enacted the CDA as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, due to concerns over pornography on the Internet. Section 230 was added to support and encourage the proliferation of information on the Internet. However, this section of the CDA has since developed into one of the most influential cyberspace laws protecting websites and ISPs from liability. State and federal courts have interpreted section 230 protection expansively, conferring broad immunity upon websites, including immunity for violations of the Fair Housing Act ("FHA"). This is especially significant because "the Internet has become 'a unique and wholly new medium of worldwide …

Tethering Applications And Open Internet Rules For The Mobile Broadband: Lessons From The Fcc-Verizon Settlement, Matthew Tonner

UC Law SF Communications and Entertainment Journal

This note investigates the regulation of mobile broadband using tethering applications as an example of how to apply net neutrality rules. Part II looks at the recent history of the FCC Open Internet regulations and the rapid advances in the speed, capabilities, and prevalence of mobile broadband as a primary means of Internet access. Part III discusses the 2012 settlement reached between Verizon and the FCC over Verizon's request that Google remove tethering apps from the Android Store. Following that, Part IV assesses the merits of the FCC's current approach to enforcing net neutrality policy via contractual provisions attached to …

The Sum Of The Parts Is Greater Than The Whole: Why Courts Determining Subject Matter Eligibility Should Analyze The Patent-Eligible And Unpatentable Portions Of The Claim Separately Instead Of Treating The Claim As A Whole, William J. Casey

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

For years, uncertainty has plagued the patent world regarding how to determine if claims are patent eligible. Recent Supreme Court decisions addressing patent eligibility, while resolving the eligibility of the claims before the Court, have not provided a general methodology for lower courts and the Patent and Trademark Office to follow. This note proposes a general method of analysis to determine patent eligibility. First, rather than treat the claim as a whole, the court or examiner should divide a claim into unpatentable and patent-eligible portions. Then the court or examiner should conduct a three-factor analysis to determine if the claim …

E-Discovery In The Cloud Era: What's A Litigant To Do, Cindy Pham

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

With great technology, comes great responsibility. In an era with increasing use and dependence on cloud computing, e-discovery is becoming increasingly complicated and expensive. These difficulties are further magnified when litigants and their attorneys are unfamiliar with how cloud technology works, and become lost trying to navigate through e-discovery rules in this new context.

Unprepared litigants do not understand how cloud technology can vastly extend the scope of discovery, and in turn, their preservation and production duties. This note provides an extensive background of cloud computing and details the problems litigants are encountering during cloud-based document discovery. This note further …

Sensibilities For Social Justice Lawyers, Ascanio Piomelli

UC Law Journal of Race and Economic Justice

This essay describes six sensibilities that are crucial for 21st Century social justice lawyers. It urges social justice lawyers to know thoroughly the literature on lawyering and social change movements, to be clear about their fundamental aims, to connect their efforts with others, to observe from multiple perspectives, to combat cultural encapsulation, and to put in the time necessary to ensure the survival, advancement, and flourishing of clients and communities.

Antidiscrimination Law And The Multiracial Experience: A Reply To Nancy Leong, Tina Fernandes

UC Law Journal of Race and Economic Justice

While discrimination against multiracial people undoubtedly occurs, antidiscrimination law as it is currently understood is ill-equipped to address the problem. In this article, Dr. Fernandes argues that the modern application of two broad sources of antidiscrimination law-the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964-is out of step with their original purpose: to provide remedies for discrimination against historically oppressed groups of people. Only by recognizing multiracial individuals as one of these groups can antidiscrimination law rectify the harms visited on them.

This article first explores the history of equal protection and employment …

Informed Buyers Of E-Discovery: Why General Counsel Must Become Tech Savvy, John Didday

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

Corporate counsel needs to understand big data, now. Civil discovery is getting bigger and more expensive by the day, but the legal field has been slow to find a solution. Too often, the huge data sets corporate litigants exchange before trial become a burden instead of an asset. Computer scientists have developed methods to aggregate and search large stores data effectively, but the legal system is intransigent; unless a leader brings technology to the law, litigation will only get slower and more expensive. I propose in-house counsel lead the way to implementing big data solutions by becoming informed buyers of …

Throwing The Red Flag: Challenging The Nfl's Lessons For American Business, Heather M. Field

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Successes, Failures, And Remaining Issues Of The Justice System Reform In Japan: An Introduction To The Symposium Issue, Setsuo Miyazawa

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Historical Genealogy Of Japan's Judicial Reform: Its Achievements And Challenges, Shunsuke Marushima

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Adjusting Course: Proposals To Recalibrate Japan's Law Schools And Bar Exam System, Eric C. Sibbitt

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Step In The Right Direction For Japan's Judicial Reform: Impact Of The Justice System Reform Council Recommendations On Criminal Justice And Citizen Participation In Criminal, Civil, And Administrative Litigation, Hiroshi Fukurai

UC Law SF International Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Difficulty Of Enforcing American Family Law Judgments In Japan, James B. Kildunne

UC Law SF International Law Review

This Note examines modem Japanese family law, focusing particularly on Japan's failure to ratify the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction and the difficulty that poses for parents seeking to enforce custody orders from their home country in Japan; the formal, functional, and cultural limitations within the Japanese legal system that make joint custody between separated parents very difficult to achieve; procedures in place in the United States at both the local and federal level to prevent international child abduction; and, finally, a recommendation that the United States utilize its unique relationship with Japan to urge …

The Impact Of The Human Provincial Administrative Procedure Provisions, Peter Witherington

UC Law SF International Law Review

In April, 2008, Zhou Qiang, then the governor of Hunan Province (and current president of China's Supreme People's Court), presided over the adoption of the Hunan Provincial Administrative Procedure Provisions ("Provisions"). At its passage, this regulation represented the first comprehensive code of administrative procedure to be adopted in the People's Republic of China. This Note contends that Provisions represent a departure for administrative procedure in China, and should be viewed as a positive, if preliminary, step towards comprehensive rule of law.

Beginning with a brief overview of modern Chinese administrative law and its theoretical underpinnings, this Note presents the argument …