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Articles 31 - 45 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Law
Great Power Security, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
Great Power Security, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
John C Yoo
The change of administration in the US may have encouraged the belief that collective security will finally have its day. A conventional wisdom also seems to be emerging among many, if not most, academics in international law that the strengthening of the UN security system would advance international peace and security. Although the twenty-first century has brought radically different security threats from those that existed when the UN Charter was first written, many seem to believe that concentrating authority in the Security Council remains the most effective international legal process for the use of force. Resurrecting the formal UN Charter …
The 'Bush Doctrine': Can Preventive War Be Justified?, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
The 'Bush Doctrine': Can Preventive War Be Justified?, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
John C Yoo
We continue to live in a dangerous world. We are exposed to the risk that hostile states or terrorist groups with global reach might attack our civilian population or those of our allies using weapons of mass destruction. In such circumstances, it might seem natural for U.S. policymakers to consider preventive war as a possible tool for countering such threats. Yet in the current climate of opinion, such thinking would be controversial - in large part, no doubt, because of the continuing disputes over the normative, strategic, and legal wisdom of what has been called the “Bush Doctrine.” Preventive war, …
Lincoln And Habeas: Of Merryman, Milligan, And Mccardle, John C. Yoo
Lincoln And Habeas: Of Merryman, Milligan, And Mccardle, John C. Yoo
John C Yoo
This essay examines the costs of judicial intervention in wartime policy through the lens of three Civil War cases - Ex parte Merryman, Ex parte Milligan, and Ex parte McCardle. In Merryman, Chief Justice Taney held that President Lincoln’s suspension of the writ of habeas corpus was unconstitutional. In Milligan, the Court held that military commissions had no jurisdiction over civilians in Northern states, where the courts were open and their process unobstructed. Although both opinions provide stirring rhetoric about the vitality of constitutional rights during wartime, they became largely irrelevant. President Lincoln refused to obey the Court and continued …
Administration Of War, John C. Yoo
Administration Of War, John C. Yoo
John C Yoo
This essay asks whether the Constitution’s implicit grant of the removal power to the President provides control over the administrative agencies by examination of civil-military relations under the administration of President George W. Bush. Control over the military is one of the most significant, but also understudied, aspects of administrative law. The U.S. Armed Services are the nation’s first administrative agencies, predating the Constitution itself. The President has greater freedom to remove and command military officers than over the personnel of any civilian agency. Yet, greater constitutional command over the military agencies has not produced greater presidential control. Since the …
Peace Through Law? The Failure Of A Nobel Experiment, John C. Yoo, Robert Delahunty
Peace Through Law? The Failure Of A Nobel Experiment, John C. Yoo, Robert Delahunty
John C Yoo
Collective-security ideas that emerged from the First World War nobly sought to end the carnage depicted in Erich Maria Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front. The collective-security movement sought to create a system that protected the status quo by making existing national borders sacrosanct. Any violation of those borders would be treated like a criminal attack under a domestic legal system. But those who devised these rules could not have anticipated the very different threats confronting the international system today. Large, multistate conflicts have receded in the wake of the stability provided by the Cold War superpowers and now …
Manipulating Andhiding Terrorist Content On The Internet: Legal And Tradecraft Issues, Jack F. Williams
Manipulating Andhiding Terrorist Content On The Internet: Legal And Tradecraft Issues, Jack F. Williams
Jack F. Williams
The global war on terror (“GWOT”) is being fought on many levels. In addition to traditional terror and counterterror activity, both sides are engaged in a public relations and propaganda war, employing the media, willingly and unwillingly, to support their positions. Hovering over these war campaigns are information technologies, which include the Internet. This article provides an introduction to various online content concealing practices that have been employed by those seeking to conceal or limit access to information on the Internet, including terrorist organizations. Further, there is a discussion on tracking and monitoring of website visitors. After reviewing open source …
Making War, John C. Yoo, Robert Delahunty
Making War, John C. Yoo, Robert Delahunty
John C Yoo
We respond here to Unleashing the Dogs of War by Sai Prakash, which represents the latest originalist argument that war cannot be started by the executive without congressional authorization. First, we argue that Prakash's interpretive approach imposes an unexplained burden of proof that places little to no importance on the starting point for constitutional interpretation: the text. The best reading of the text rejects Prakash's claim about Congress's power to declare war. We supplement our textualist reading by exploring constitutional structure, which should not tolerate the redundancies created by Prakash's approach. The key point here is that the constitutional structure …
Wartime Process: A Dialogue On Congressional Power To Remove Issues From The Federal Courts, John C. Yoo, Jesse Choper
Wartime Process: A Dialogue On Congressional Power To Remove Issues From The Federal Courts, John C. Yoo, Jesse Choper
John C Yoo
Many have long debated whether Congress may strip the federal courts completely of jurisdiction over certain classes of cases. Until the last few years, these debates met the very definition of academic. Aside from two statutes, Congress had never engaged in clear removal of cases from the Supreme Court or the lower federal courts. That changed with the Court's decision in Rasul v. Bush, which extended the federal writ of habeas corpus to alien enemy combatants detained at the Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Naval Station. In response to Rasul, Congress enacted the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 (DTA), which forbade any …
Counterintuitive: Intelligence Operations And International Law, John C. Yoo, Glenn Sulmasy
Counterintuitive: Intelligence Operations And International Law, John C. Yoo, Glenn Sulmasy
John C Yoo
This essay addresses proposals for international regulation of intelligence gathering activities. We show that international law currently does not express any strong norms against intelligence gathering. We argue that international law is incapable of regulating such activities and proposals for change would prove counterproductive. Careful attention to the causes of war between rational nation-states shows that these efforts will have the highly undesirable result of making war more, rather than less, likely.
Military Commissions Act Of 2006, Arsalan M. Suleman
Military Commissions Act Of 2006, Arsalan M. Suleman
Arsalan Suleman
On October 17, 2006, President Bush signed into law the Military Commissions Act of 2006 (MCA). Congress passed the MCA to authorize the trial by military commissions of detained terrorism suspects after the Supreme Court's decision in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld invalidated the military commissions previously established pursuant to a 2001 military order from President Bush. The MCA adds chapter 47A to title 10 of the U.S. Code to give statutory authorization for the military commissions. This Recent Development explores some of the more controversial aspects of the MCA, especially those sections that respond to the Court's Hamdan decision. The note …
Challenges To Civilian Control Of The Military: A Rational Choice Approach To The War On Terror, John C. Yoo
Challenges To Civilian Control Of The Military: A Rational Choice Approach To The War On Terror, John C. Yoo
John C Yoo
An overlooked gap in the legal study of national security decisionmaking is civil-military relations. Civilian control of the military remains one of the fundamental norms of our constitutional system, and it appears regularly in the day-to-day functioning of our national security institutions. The War on Terror has exacerbated growing tensions between the civilian leadership and the American military, particularly with the Judge Advocate General's Corps. We propose a rational choice framework to understand and better address challenges to civilian-military relations.
Executive Power V. International Law, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
Executive Power V. International Law, John C. Yoo, Robert J. Delahunty
John C Yoo
Critics of the Bush administration's conduct of the war on terrorism and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have made the claim that the President cannot order conduct that is inconsistent with international law. Not only is the argument under-theorized, it runs counter to the best reading of the constitutional text, structure, and the history of American practice. A careful examination of the constitutional text, for example, shows that international law that does not take the form of a treaty or other authoritative adoption by the political branches will not enjoy supremacy effect. If international law cannot claim the status …
Hamdan V. Rumsfeld: The Functional Case For Foreign Affairs Deference To The Executive Branch, John C. Yoo, Julian Ku
Hamdan V. Rumsfeld: The Functional Case For Foreign Affairs Deference To The Executive Branch, John C. Yoo, Julian Ku
John C Yoo
The Supreme Court's decision in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld represents a radical new judicial approach to the interpretation of laws relating to foreign affairs. Not only did the Hamdan Court fail to defer to the executive's reasonable interpretations of the relevant statutes, treaties, and customary international law of war relating to military commissions, but it did not even justify its failure to depart from longstanding formal doctrines requiring such deference. In this Essay, we offer a functional defense of the doctrines requiring judicial deference to executive interpretations of laws affecting foreign affairs in wartime; doctrines that the Hamdan Court largely ignored. …
International Law And The Rise Of China, John C. Yoo, Eric Posner
International Law And The Rise Of China, John C. Yoo, Eric Posner
John C Yoo
The rise of China raises questions about the future of international law. The current system of international law depends largely on American hegemony, along with the dominance of western European states that share America's general goals and values. It is possible that China in the future will not threaten this system, either because China comes to share these goals and values or because China breaks apart. But the more likely scenario is that China will compete with the U.S. for regional and then global influence. We argue that in such a world the current system of international law will not …
Freedom Of The Press And Government Secrets: The Availability Of Prior Restraint Against The Press In The United Kingdom, Paula J. Dalley
Freedom Of The Press And Government Secrets: The Availability Of Prior Restraint Against The Press In The United Kingdom, Paula J. Dalley
Paula J. Dalley
No abstract provided.