Law Commons^™

The Negative Economic Impacts Of Money Laundering In Kenya, Thailand And France, Peyton Tollaksen

Mathematics and Computer Science Capstones

Cybercrime has grown exponentially around the world due to consistently changing technology and the craftiness of cybercriminals often outpacing that of security officers. In the past three decades, cybercrime has been expedited and globally expanded due to the accumulated experience of these criminals, who take advantage of the new found black market, cryptocurrency, and other operations. According to a report published by the Center for Strategic and International Studies titled, “Economic Impact of Cybercrime,” it was found that, “close to $600 billion, nearly one percent of global GDP, is lost to cybercrime each year” (2018). Unfortunately, this number will only …

Urbanicity And Female Jail Incarceration Rates In 1970 And 2018: The Rise Of Rural Female Jail Incarceration, Samantha M. Caimi

HON499 projects

This paper examines the role of county urbanicity as it relates to mean female jail incarceration rates in both the United States and Pennsylvania in the years 1970 and 2018. There are three research questions to be answered in this study. The first is whether mean female jail incarceration rates vary significantly by urbanicity (rural, small/mid, suburban, urban). The second is whether the relationship between female jail incarceration rates and urbanicity changed from 1970 to 2018. The third research question is whether the findings for questions 1 and 2 will be the same for both Pennsylvania and the United States. …

Developing Issue Of Money Laundering Though Online Casinos, Matthew Thom

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

This capstone examines the developing issue of money laundering through online gambling sites which are extensions of casinos located within the United States. The online gambling scene is rapidly growing; and these venue will soon become targets for money laundering by criminals, human traffickers, and even terrorists. "Internet gambling and online capabilities have become a haven for money laundering activities...internet gambling operations are vulnerable to be used, not only for money laundering, but also criminal activities ranging from terrorist financing to tax evasion” (Fbi Confirms Online Gambling Opens Door To Fraud, Money Laundering; Age Verification Software Ineffective. (2009, Dec 04) …

Malicious Digital Penetration Of United States Weaponized Military Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems: A National Security Perspective Concerning The Complexity Of Military Uavs And Hacking, Edwin Bell

Mathematics and Computer Science Capstones

The United States’ (US) military unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has seen increased usage under the post 9/11 military engagements in the Middle East, Afghanistan, and within American borders. However, the very digital networks controlling these aircrafts are now enduring malicious intrusions (hacking) by America’s enemies. .

The digital intrusions serve as a presage over the very digital networks the US relies upon to safeguard its national security and interests and domestic territory. The complexity surrounding the hacking of US military UAVs appears to be increasing, given the advancements in digital networks and the seemingly inauspicious nature of artificial intelligence and …

Are Canadian Cyber Security Related Laws Sufficient To Deal With The Reality Of Today’S Threats, Peter Hanycz

Mathematics and Computer Science Capstones

Cyber security is one of the growing concerns across the 21^st Century world. For the private sector, proper cyber security allows organizations to protect themselves against the increasing threat of cyber-attacks. These businesses play a critical role by implementing robust security infrastructures that ensure, to the extent possible, the protection of personal and corporate data. At the same time, governments have a major role to play in influencing the decisions that organizations make, especially as it relates to customer data. The current privacy and cybersecurity landscape in Canada has developed over time as a way to hold organizations accountable …

Understanding The Value Of Mitigating Fraud Risk For Small Businesses With Cash Management, Vivian Denkins

Mathematics and Computer Science Capstones

Most companies are interested in increasing their revenue, growing their customer base, and maintaining their business for as long as the market will allow. While some businesses are looking to last beyond the average life cycle of 10 years (U.S. Small Business Office of Advocacy, 2018), most do not consider fraud as a major impact that could end their business. Fraud does exist, even for the small business owners. However, most owners decide to take their chances against fraudulent schemes and carefully guard their business using their own measures. According to the Association for Financial Professionals (AFP) (2019), the 2018 …

Nation State Involvement In Cryptocurrency And The Impact To Economic Sanctions, Thomas Clautice

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

With all the terms and evolving definitions of distributed ledger technology, blockchain, cryptocurrency, and digital currency, it is no wonder they have caused disruption and confusion to the current state of economic sanctions. Sanctioned individuals and countries may actively seek to evade the regulatory oversight of transactions that are completed in the United States dollar using cryptocurrency. The United States and the United Nations have used economic sanctions as a tool of encouragement, and punishment, for decades in the traditional banking and financial services space. Cryptocurrency has not easily fallen under this regulatory environment due to its decentralized nature, and …

“Going Dark” – The Challenge Facing Law Enforcement In The 21st Century, James Christie

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

The role of law enforcement on all levels is to prevent, detect, and investigate criminal activity. A fundamental function of law enforcement is to collect intelligence and evidence to combat criminal and terrorist activity. In numerous instances, intelligence and evidence of criminal activity appear in the form of communications and electronic data. To be effective, law enforcement requires the ability to intercept and access these communications and the electronic data pursuant to legal authority.

Interview Of Margaret Mcguinness, Ph.D., Margaret Mcguinness Ph.D., Stephen Pierce

All Oral Histories

Dr. Margaret McGuinness was born in 1953, in Providence, Rhode Island. She went to an all-girls Catholic high school called St. Mary’s Academy Bayview in Providence where she graduated in 1971. McGuinness went on to major in American Studies and Civilization as an undergraduate at Boston University graduating with a B.A in 1975. She continued her work at Boston University where McGuinness earned a master’s of theological studies (M.T.S) focusing on Biblical and Historical Studies in 1979. She would move to New York to work on her dissertation at Union Theological Seminary finishing with her Ph.D. in 1985 concentrating on …

Money Laundering Through Cryptocurrencies, George Forgang

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Bitcoin, the world’s first cryptocurrency, was first introduced in 2009, by Satoshi Nakamoto. While many believe the name is a pseudonym, and the true identity of the creator(s) is unknown, it is an undisputed fact that cryptocurrencies have introduced an indelible change to monies worldwide. Consequently, cryptocurrencies have also introduced a plethora of new opportunities for money laundering activity.

While cryptocurrencies follow the same three-step laundering process of placement, layering, and integration, the activity can be more difficult to detect due to the anonymous nature of cryptocurrencies. Moreover, while traditional schemes such as smurfing or gambling at a casino are …

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (Snap): Uncovering The Fraud, Ada Torres

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), once labeled the Food Stamp Program, was constructed mainly to boost low-income households’ capabilities in regards to purchasing food in order to maintain a satisfactory nutritional, low-cost diet. The program accomplishes this by providing benefits as a supplemental income to recipients in order to allow them to purchase certain foods. The federal government supplies the funds for the benefits and transfers the obligation to the states as far as administrating the program. Specifically, the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) is liable for defining the program regulations and confirming that the states are complying with …

John Quincy Adams Influence On Washington’S Farewell Address: A Critical Examination, Stephen Pierce

Undergraduate Research

John Quincy Adams is seen by the American public today as a failed one-term president. When one starts to see his diplomatic work and his service in Congress, however, he becomes one of the most important figures in American history. The diplomatic historian Samuel Flagg Bemis was in 1944 the first historian to suggest that Adams’ early writings influenced Washington’s Farewell Address. He looked through some of Adams’ early published writings and concluded that it was, “Conspicuous among the admonitions of the Farewell Address are: (1) to exalt patriotically the national words, America, American, Americans; (2) to beware of foreign …

#Metoo Movement: Solutions, Raquelle A. Walker-White Ms

Undergraduate Research

Sexual assault and sexual harassment is a prevalent issue that affects women at disproportionate rates on college campuses, in the workplace and in society in general. The #MeToo movement aims to bring discussion around these issues, hold sexual predators accountable for their actions, and provide a support system for survivors of sexual assault and harassment. #MeToo Movement: Solutions analyzes the scope of the problem in the United States, famous cases surrounding sexual assault, and the different solutions colleges, society in general, and legislation have put in place to combat this issue. The #MeToo Movement has made a lot of headway …

Money Laundering By Politically Exposed Persons In Nigeria: Consequences And Combative Measures, Ike Onyiliogwu

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

The Capstone Project will focus on money laundering in Nigeria by Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs) and the devastating negative impact on Nigeria’s progress as well as various measures that could combat it.

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) defines money laundering as the processing of “ Criminal proceeds to disguise their illegal origin.” And PEPs as “someone who has been entrusted with a public function.” (FATF, 2018). The Nigerian government has adopted the term, “politically exposed persons” to include senior politicians and senior government officials as well as their immediate family.

According to Nigeria’s president, Muhammadu Buhari, $150 billion was …

Investigating Physicians Billing For Services Not Rendered: Fraud Detection, Interviewing And Referral To Law Enforcement, Glenn Forte Jr.

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

This qualitative study examines the role of healthcare insurance investigators related to medical fraud among physicians billing for services not rendered. Grounded in academic scholarship, industry case studies and first-hand knowledge, this study introduces methods identifying fraudulent activities, fraud detection practices and implications from discovering fraud among physicians, patients, and health insurance companies. The three types of methodologies employed provide a lens into determining misappropriation of healthcare insurance and patient monetary funds.

Healthcare fraud falls within the arena of white-collar crime. It consists of filing dishonest healthcare claims to receive a profit. Fraudulent healthcare schemes come in many forms. The …

Understanding The Importance Of Ferpa & Data Protection In Higher Education. An Application: Website At La Salle University, Robert Frank, Lynne Wagner

Mathematics and Computer Science Capstones

Personal data protection is a paramount conversation globally. The higher education industry is abundant in varying types of highly sensitive information; the security of this data is critical, requiring all stakeholders be educated and aware of the standards and best practice securing it. This project’s main outcome is to conduct in-depth research on personal data protection regulations within higher education and the development of an example educational webpage for the La Salle University community relating to policy, practice, and procedures of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA).

The Mission of La Salle University affirms a community commitment to …

Beneficial Ownership: Tracking The True Owners Of Business Accounts, Angela Lintag-Ihde

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Bank accounts are a popular place to hide and move illegal funds. Many banks offer private banking or wealth management services, to customers with more than $1,000,000. That provides premier banking services as well as a confidential, safe, and legal haven. With these services is a heightened money laundering risk. The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) of Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering (BSA/AML) Examination Manual specifically states that privacy and confidentiality are important elements of private banking relationships. “Private Banking and Wealth Management services are vulnerable to money laundering schemes that include: private bankers as client advocates; powerful clients including …

Equitable Sharing Aids Circumventing State Civil Asset Forfeiture, Ella Fisher

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Civil Asset Forfeiture (CIVIL ASSET FORFEITURE) is a disputable law enforcement asset utilized to combat the war on drugs and criticized as an abusive practice. Are law enforcement agencies really combatting the war on drugs using civil asset forfeiture law or just using the law for their own self interests? Civil Asset Forfeiture abuse relates to perverse incentives which are further aided by the federal equitable sharing program (ESP). Civil asset forfeiture law allows owners’ assets to be seized and forfeited, by law enforcement agencies without a warrant and/or a criminal conviction. When federal agencies adopt and prosecute, state and …

A Close Look At Audit Standards And Best Practices How To Validate The Existence Of An Asset, Luis Lebron

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

A comparative analysis will be conducted seeking to identify how to obtain sufficient evidence to determine the existence of an asset within an organization during an independent audit. The external auditor is often regarded as the “gatekeeper” of the financial markets which has a fiduciary duty to its clients. (Choy, Fields, & King, 2008) Accounting firms are required by operation of law to act in an ethical manner and have a social responsibility to protect the interest of the public. However, there exists an ongoing issue in the performance of audits by larger firms. In a recent study conducted by …

Theme Park Fraud And How To Catch It, Lilly Lask

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

One of the most significant, if not the most important financial difficulty facing theme parks today is credit card fraud and the use of counterfeit money by individuals to improperly obtain theme park tickets. The tickets are then used by the fraudsters themselves, or sold or otherwise distributed to guests of the parks. The improper use of the tickets significantly impacts the income of the parks. In order to continue to appropriately manage the parks after the losses, ticket prices need to be raised, which generally leads to a reduction in the valid revenue of the parks as they become …

Investigative Practices For Large Money Laundering Crimes, Mary Hutley-Washington

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Reportedly, governments, states departments, analysts and law enforcement state, "money laundering has a corrosive effect on a country’s economy. The degree of destruction caused by money laundering interrupts the business flow, runs the risk of financial burdens on banks, and ruins countless countries’ reputation for allowing widespread laundering. Money laundering’s significant consequences are the exposure to the communities; because of the criminal elements individuals are subjected to laundering, i.e., fraud, drug trafficking, and other financial crimes” (Freeman, 2011). It is no surprise that internationally all communities want the battle against money laundering and its use to finance terrorism to become …

X-Inefficiency In Monopolies, Emily Nowlan

HON499 projects

This paper takes a case study approach to studying the efficiency and causes of decline for monopoly firms. The focus of the analysis will be on two firms: IBM, and Xerox. The main causes of failure studied will be financial issues, mismanagement, and regulatory cases. One theory is that, as monopolies operate, one begins to see a differential between growth of profits and expenditures. Thus, the firms become “fat and slow.” The company may also become bogged down with overhead, attempting to maintain unsustainable and unnecessary levels of employment. Compounding this issue, many managers fail to accurately predict the movement …

The Civil Asset Forfeiture Program An Analysis Of The Actual Use, Racial Subjectivity, And Unfairness To Lower Earning Individuals, Nicholas Schieber

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Being able to seize property without a criminal conviction has become a hot button topic in periodical and academic papers. The Civil Asset Forfeiture program gave law enforcement the ability to seize “guilty” property, which can be defined as contraband, proceeds from criminal activity, or tools and instrumentalities used in the commission of a crime, without a criminal conviction on the part of the owner. Numerous academic authors and journalists have called for reform, racial unfairness, and targeting of lower earning communities. However, the majority of data regarding the Civil Asset Forfeiture program is qualitative in nature with few quantitative …

The Effects Of Mental Health Treatment In Correctional Facilities, Victoria Ziemek

Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of mental healthcare in the criminal justice system on post-release recidivism of people with serious mental illness (PSMI). It can be noted that mental illness is not the cause of criminal behavior, but there is a significant negative relationship between mental health services available while incarcerated and successful community reentry. A review of previous research on this topic was used to develop the hypotheses and questions tested in this study. The review provides evidence that PSMI who have been involved with more community based outpatient services have been more susceptible …

Sexual Assault On College Campuses: An Epidemic And An Alternative Approach, Mark N. Devone

Undergraduate Research

Sexual assault is a major problem that is occurring at staggering rates on college campuses nationwide. Sexual Assault on College Campuses: An Epidemic and An Alternative Approach takes an in depth look at the problem at hand and discusses how the current ways of handling sexual assault cases and their faults. An alternative approach is introduced as a possible way to help fix the current sexual assault problem. The approach is Restorative Justice, which focuses on the rehabilitation of the offender and the healing of the victim through reconciliation techniques that include the victim, offender, and the community.

Impact On Grant Fraud Within The Government, Ashley Clark

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

My proposal and area of concentration will focus on the forensic accountant’s role in grant fraud. This role is more important now than ever, as fraudsters’ efforts have become more sophisticated over time. Grant fraud is particularly susceptible because more and more fraudsters are working within the company and understand the internal workings of the organization. Ensuring that grant notice of award regulations and rules are followed – and that relevant agencies and individuals follow all protocols under the budgeted term – are crucial components to ensuring the grant’s success.

Within my research paper, I will cover all areas associated …

Counteracting Fraud, Waste And Abuse In Drug Test Billing, Allison Walton

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Medicaid, Medicare, and major insurance companies are being faced with increased costs for drug test screening. These costs are not caused by a spike in the use of narcotics by subscribers, but from unnecessary testing and overbilling by doctors and drug screening companies. Recovering drug addicts are required to have random drug tests during their treatment program, but instead of being random, the drug tests have become prescriptive. Testing is performed at specific times weekly on a single patient, for substances that return results that are unimportant to the doctors. Doctors are given drug testing kits by large drug testing …

Mobile Device Use: Increasing Privacy And Security Awareness For Nurse Practitioners, Lauren Storbrauck

Economic Crime Forensics Capstones

Nurse practitioners are increasingly using mobile devices to access electronic medical records, as the use of the devices increases so does the risk of a potential breach. This is a direct result of technological advances such as larger storage capacities, faster computing speeds, and better portability/connectivity (Torrieri, 2011). These devices include: mobile phones, tablets, and laptops. The use of these devices has greatly facilitated the work of Nurse Practitioners, by allowing them to have instant access to patient records, health history and recommended treatment plans (Ventola, 2014). However, seventy-three percent of all mobile users stated that they are not always …

Health Care Services And Profits: A Conflict Of Interest?, Carolyn Plump Jd, Jennifer Sipe Msn, Rn

Explorer Café

No abstract provided.

Sexual Assault On College Campuses: Is Title Ix The Answer?, Rebecca Sweeney

Undergraduate Research

In the past year, many universities have been accused of Title IX violations based on how they adjudicated sexual assault cases. As a result, Title IX has been in the forefront of the public’s attention. This research aims to explain whether Title IX complaints are an effective strategy for lowering the amount of sexual assault cases on U.S college campuses. This research uses journal articles, legal cases and government websites to gather information on the history of Title IX and it’s development in fighting the issue of sexual assault on college campuses. By analyzing landmark cases, it is possible to …