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Full-Text Articles in Law

Agreements To Waive Or To Arbitrate Legal Claims: An Economic Analysis, Keith N. Hylton Jan 2000

Agreements To Waive Or To Arbitrate Legal Claims: An Economic Analysis, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

As arbitration agreements have grown in use, they have become controversial, with many critics describing them as a disguised form of waiver. This paper presents an economic analysis of waiver and arbitiation agreements and applies this analysis to the evolving arbitration case law in the Supreme Court and elsewhere. The paper examines the conditions under which parties have an incentive to enter into these types of agreement, and their welfare implications. It shows that, if parties are well informed, they will enter into waiver agreements when and only when litigation is socially undesirable, in the sense that the deterrence benefits …


Forword: Legal And Constitutional Implications Of The Calls To Revive Civil Society, Linda C. Mcclain, James E. Fleming Jan 2000

Forword: Legal And Constitutional Implications Of The Calls To Revive Civil Society, Linda C. Mcclain, James E. Fleming

Faculty Scholarship

This symposium addresses legal and constitutional implications of the calls to revive or renew civil society (a realm between the individual and the state, including the family and religious, civic, and other voluntary associations). Calls to revive or renew civil society are prominent in political and legal discourse. The erosion or disappearance of civil society is a common diagnosis of what underlies civic and moral decline in America, and its renewal features prominently as a cure for such decline. Broadly speaking, there are two strands of civil society advocates, which a leader in the civil society movement recently characterized as …


The Man On The Moon, Immortality, And Other Millennial Myths: The Prospects And Perils Of Human Genetic Engineering, George J. Annas Jan 2000

The Man On The Moon, Immortality, And Other Millennial Myths: The Prospects And Perils Of Human Genetic Engineering, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

The year 2000 provides an opportunity to reflect and speculate on human life in the year 3000. We cannot know what human life will be like a thousand years from now, but we can and should think seriously about what we would like it to be. What is unique about human beings and about being human? What makes humans human? What qualities of the human species must we preserve to preserve humanity itself? What would a "better human" be like? If genetic engineering techniques work, are there human qualities we should try to temper, and ones we should try to …


Ulysses And The Fate Of Frozen Embryos - Reproduction, Research, Or Destruction?, George J. Annas Jan 2000

Ulysses And The Fate Of Frozen Embryos - Reproduction, Research, Or Destruction?, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

On his 10-year voyage back to Ithaca from the Trojan War, Ulysses was warned by Circe to take precautions if he wanted to hear the Sirens' transfixing song, or there would be “no sailing home for him, no wife rising to meet him, /no happy children beaming up at their father's face.” Ulysses accordingly ordered his men to stop their ears with beeswax and bind him firmly to the mast and instructed them that if he gestured to be set free, they should stick to the original agreement and bind him tighter still. Making an agreement that has as a …


Tobacco, The Food And Drug Administration, And Congress, George J. Annas Jan 2000

Tobacco, The Food And Drug Administration, And Congress, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

Smoking has been the number-one target of public health professionals in the United States for more than a decade because it is the leading cause of premature death. Nonetheless, no unified public health strategy has been developed. In 1995, with the strong endorsement of President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore, the commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Dr. David Kessler, announced that the agency had jurisdiction over tobacco and would regulate cigarettes as “drug-delivery devices.”1 The tobacco companies objected and sued the FDA, arguing that Congress had not given the FDA jurisdiction over their product. …


Toward A Doctrine Of Fair Use In Patent Law, Maureen A. O'Rourke Jan 2000

Toward A Doctrine Of Fair Use In Patent Law, Maureen A. O'Rourke

Faculty Scholarship

The intellectual property laws are becoming increasingly stressed as their largely time-worn doctrines grapple with problems posed by new technology. In this Article, Dean O'Rourke argues that this pressure has become particularly acute in patent law where policymakers have expanded protection without concomitantly evaluating the impact of that move on follow-on innovation. The traditional assumption that patentees will efficiently license their inventions is breaking down as market failures are becoming endemic. Dean O'Rourke argues that to ensure that patent law achieves its constitutional goals, it shuld, like copyright law, use a fair use defense to address problems of market failure. …


Recommendations For Durable Solutions For Palestinian Refugees: A Challenge To The Oslo Framework, Susan M. Akram, Terry Rempel Jan 2000

Recommendations For Durable Solutions For Palestinian Refugees: A Challenge To The Oslo Framework, Susan M. Akram, Terry Rempel

Faculty Scholarship

I. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 2 II. International Legal Framework and the Palestinian Refugees .................... 9 A. The International Scheme of Refugee Protection and Protection of Stateless Persons .................................................................................................... 9
B. The Regime for Protection of Palestinian Refugees - Three Provisions and Three Agencies ......................................................................... 16
C. The Standard Interpretation of the Provisions Applying to the Status of Palestinian Refugees and Stateless Persons, and their Ramifications ........................................................................................................... 22
D. Reinterpreting the Provisions Based on Plain Language ....................... 27
E. Reinterpreting the Provisions in Light of the Drafting History and their Scope and Purpose ..................................................................................... 31 III. Durable Solutions and Palestinian Refugees ........................................... …


Evaluating Mistakes In Intellectual Property Law: Configuring The System To Account For Imperfection, Maureen A. O'Rourke Jan 2000

Evaluating Mistakes In Intellectual Property Law: Configuring The System To Account For Imperfection, Maureen A. O'Rourke

Faculty Scholarship

In this Essay, the author argues that in assessing the performance of the intellectual property laws, it is useful to conceive of intellectual property law as a system comprised of both interacting decision-makers and other sets of law. Those decisionmakers include Congress, the PTO, and courts, and the other relevant laws include antitrust and contract. The author reviews the major intellectual property statutes, illustrating ways in which different institutions may be situated to correct the errors of another and how antitrust and contract also can work to correct errors in the scope of protection. The Essay concludes by arguing that …


Limited Liability And Creditors' Rights: The Limits Of Risk Shifting To Creditors, Frederick Tung Jan 2000

Limited Liability And Creditors' Rights: The Limits Of Risk Shifting To Creditors, Frederick Tung

Faculty Scholarship

In this Symposium, we were asked to identify and articulate the nature of our passion for teaching corporate law. My passion-a bit odd in this context, perhaps-is bankruptcy. In addition to teaching the basic Corporations course, I also teach Corporate Reorganization and Bankruptcy, and my research has focused primarily on corporate reorganization issues. As I say, my particular passion may seem out of place in the context of this Symposium. The corporation is an engine for maximizing wealth. Yet we bankruptcy types obsess about financial ruin. We pray for the next recession. We sell short. Our chips sit on the …


Symposium: Regulatory And Liability Considerations, Michael S. Baram, Ellen Flannery, Patricia Davis, Gary Marchant Jan 2000

Symposium: Regulatory And Liability Considerations, Michael S. Baram, Ellen Flannery, Patricia Davis, Gary Marchant

Faculty Scholarship

You can tell from remarks by prior speakers that regulatory approvals and liability prevention are of critical importance to progress in biomaterials. Gene therapy trials and the tragic outcomes of some of those trials have raised the specter of government suspension of clinical studies, termination of funding, and potential liability for personal injury under malpractice or products liability doctrines. Regulatory requirements and the terms of research grants and contracts have to be very carefully addressed by organizations testing, developing, making, selling and using biomaterials, biotechnology, and medical devices. However, many regulatory requirements are incomplete, ambiguous and confusing because the agencies …


Symposium: Patent Rights And Licensing, Michael S. Baram, Ashley Stevens, Thomas Meyers, Michael J. Meurer Jan 2000

Symposium: Patent Rights And Licensing, Michael S. Baram, Ashley Stevens, Thomas Meyers, Michael J. Meurer

Faculty Scholarship

This panel will discuss intellectual property - the patent incentive, patentability issues, licensing, and litigation-related matters. It will be moderated by Dr. Ashley Stevens, the Director of the Office of Technology Transfer at Boston University. Ashley has multiple degrees, including a doctorate in physical chemistry from Oxford University. He has worked in the biotech industry for a number of years, mostly with startup companies and academic research organizations such as the Dana Farber Cancer Institute, where he was also Director of Technology Transfer. Ashley was instrumental in the startup and operations of firms such as Biotechnica International, and started his …


The Constitutionality Of Copyright Term Extension: How Long Is Too Long?, Wendy J. Gordon, Jane C. Ginsburg, Arthur R. Miller, William F. Patry Jan 2000

The Constitutionality Of Copyright Term Extension: How Long Is Too Long?, Wendy J. Gordon, Jane C. Ginsburg, Arthur R. Miller, William F. Patry

Faculty Scholarship

I am Professor William Patry of the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law. I will be the moderator of this star-studded debate on the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act.


A Proposal For A New Massachusetts Notoriety For Profit Law: The Grandson Of Sam, Sean J. Kealy Jan 2000

A Proposal For A New Massachusetts Notoriety For Profit Law: The Grandson Of Sam, Sean J. Kealy

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, two women stood convicted of highly publicized major crimes in Massachusetts. Katherine Ann Power ("Power") was a fugitive who committed felony-murder in 1970. She led a life on the run as a fugitive until 1993 when she revealed her true identity and surrendered to authorities to face the consequences of her crimes. Louise Woodward ("Woodward"), an au pair originally from England, gained notoriety on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean when she was convicted of killing the baby entrusted to her care. Both women captured the attention of the national media for months and reportedly had opportunities …


In Hell There Will Be Lawyers Without Clients Or Law, Susan P. Koniak, George M. Cohen Jan 2000

In Hell There Will Be Lawyers Without Clients Or Law, Susan P. Koniak, George M. Cohen

Faculty Scholarship

Class action abuse is a particularly interesting area in which to explore both when and why law might fail to affect lawyer conduct and the complexity of the lawyer-entity relationship. By class action abuse, we have in mind three related problems: collusive settlements, inadequate representation of class interests, and payoffs to objectors and their counsel. The law condemns collusive settlements and the lawyers who make them.20 It demands that class counsel adequately represent the class.21 Paying objectors and their counsel to drop their challenges to class settlements is, at best, legally questionable behavior and, at worst, evidence of …


Unbending Gender: Why Work And Family Conflict And What To Do About It, Joan Williams, Jamie Boyle, Adrienne Davis, Martha Ertman, Nancy Polikoff, Katharine B. Silbaugh, Lucie White, Susan Carle, Leti Volpp Jan 2000

Unbending Gender: Why Work And Family Conflict And What To Do About It, Joan Williams, Jamie Boyle, Adrienne Davis, Martha Ertman, Nancy Polikoff, Katharine B. Silbaugh, Lucie White, Susan Carle, Leti Volpp

Faculty Scholarship

PROCEEDINGS PROFESSOR WILLIAMS: I am going to talk fast, and talk short as an introduction to this panel. First, just a very few words about the norm of parental care. The goal-my goal, anyway, in using the norm of parental care which, of course, started out really as the norm of mother care-is to try to use the momentum of domesticity to bend our current gender to use the norm of parental care as a way of democratizing access to domesticity, which has always been classbased.