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2014

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Articles 16261 - 16290 of 16292

Full-Text Articles in Law

La Razón Y Las Sinrazones De La Indicación Obligatoria Del Origen De Los Productos Alimenticios, Luis González Vaqué Dec 2013

La Razón Y Las Sinrazones De La Indicación Obligatoria Del Origen De Los Productos Alimenticios, Luis González Vaqué

Luis González Vaqué

No abstract provided.


Information To Consumers On The Absence Or Reduced Presence Of Gluten In Food, Luis González Vaqué Dec 2013

Information To Consumers On The Absence Or Reduced Presence Of Gluten In Food, Luis González Vaqué

Luis González Vaqué

[From the Editorial]

Luis González Vaqué enriches this edition again, in an article on information to consumers on the absence or reduced presence of gluten in food, by analysing the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 828/2014. He looks briefly at Commission Regulation (EC) No 41/2009 concerning the composition and labelling of foodstuffs suitable for people intolerant to gluten because the Implementing Regulation will only enter into force on 20 July 2016. He also summarizes the Codex Alimentarius Standard for Foods for Special Dietary Use for Persons Intolerant to Gluten (CODEX STAN 118 – 1979), which completes the picture of the …


“Gli Obiettivi Del ‘Pacchetto Di Revisione’ In Materia Di Sanità Animale, Protezione Delle Piante E Sui Controlli Ufficiali Proposto Dalla Commissione Europea”, Luis González Vaqué Dec 2013

“Gli Obiettivi Del ‘Pacchetto Di Revisione’ In Materia Di Sanità Animale, Protezione Delle Piante E Sui Controlli Ufficiali Proposto Dalla Commissione Europea”, Luis González Vaqué

Luis González Vaqué

Ensuring a high level of health for humans, animals, and plants is a Treaty objective of the EU. Over time, the EU has built up a comprehensive body of law designed to prevent and manage risks to animal and plant health and the safety of the food chain at EU and national level. The law in these policy areas is enforced by means of a common set of rules on official controls to be carried out by the competent authorities in the EU Member States. The legal framework which the EU has developed so far has proven, overall, to be …


"La Protección De Los Consumidores Vulnerables En El Derecho Del Consumo De La Ue [El Programa Plurianual Para El Período 2014-2020]", Luis González Vaqué Dec 2013

"La Protección De Los Consumidores Vulnerables En El Derecho Del Consumo De La Ue [El Programa Plurianual Para El Período 2014-2020]", Luis González Vaqué

Luis González Vaqué

El Programa plurianual de Consumidores para el período 2014-2020 (Reglamento nº 254/2014) debería contribuir a garantizar un nivel elevado de protección de los consumidores y respaldar plenamente las aspiraciones de la Estrategia Europa 2020 por lo que se refiere al crecimiento y la competitividad, gracias a la evolución hacia unos modelos de consumo más sostenibles, a la inclusión social así como a la toma en consideración de la situación particular de los consumidores vulnerables y las necesidades que crea el envejecimiento de la población, sobre la base del seguimiento del mercado de consumo para poder desarrollar normativas bien estructuradas y …


Network Nepotism And The Market For Content Delivery, Tejas N. Narechania Dec 2013

Network Nepotism And The Market For Content Delivery, Tejas N. Narechania

Tejas N. Narechania

The Federal Communications Commission has officially launched its third attempt to impose network neutrality rules on Internet traffic. But before the Commission could release its proposed regulations, they leaked to the Wall Street Journal and were quickly embroiled in controversy. Chief among the objections was the possibility that the new regulations would allow broadband carriers, such as Verizon, to prioritize certain traffic, thereby creating an Internet “fast lane” that could be dedicated to select content, websites, or applications. Of particular concern was the possibility that carriers would use this power to accord special treatment to other members of its corporate …


Sender Side Transmission Rules For The Internet, Tejas N. Narechania, Tim Wu Dec 2013

Sender Side Transmission Rules For The Internet, Tejas N. Narechania, Tim Wu

Tejas N. Narechania

In January 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit struck down the FCC's 2010 Open Internet Order, which contained the Commission's net neutrality rules. The Commission has since indicated that it will take up the D.C. Circuit's invitation to implement rules that, consistent with historic practice, meet the court’s test for preventing improper blocking and discrimination of Internet traffic. In this paper, we consider the Commission's options for a path forward under Title II of the Communications Act. We find that the FCC has at least two available paths. The first is predominantly legal: By adopting the …


Beyond Resqnet: Clarifying The Standard For The Use Of Patent Settlements, Tejas N. Narechania, Jackson Taylor Kirklin Dec 2013

Beyond Resqnet: Clarifying The Standard For The Use Of Patent Settlements, Tejas N. Narechania, Jackson Taylor Kirklin

Tejas N. Narechania

In 2010, the Federal Circuit issued ResQNet.com, Inc. v. Lansa, Inc., a landmark decision holding that settlement-related evidence can be compelling proof of damages in subsequent litigation. The effects of ResQNet were immediately evident. Some practitioners argued that ResQNet granted unlimited permission to use prior patent settlement agreements and related negotiations as evidence of damages for patent infringement. Some courts agreed, while others decided that the Federal Circuit’s ruling had no effect on Federal Rule of Evidence 408’s prohibition on the use at trial of settlement-related evidence to prove damages. Simply put, ResQNet wrought havoc on the standards for the …


Article 4 Of The Echr And The Obligation Of Criminalizing Slavery, Servitude, Forced Labour And Human Trafficking, Vladislava Stoyanova Dec 2013

Article 4 Of The Echr And The Obligation Of Criminalizing Slavery, Servitude, Forced Labour And Human Trafficking, Vladislava Stoyanova

Vladislava Stoyanova

This article addresses the interaction between international human rights law and national criminal law as exemplified and revealed in relation to the abuses of slavery, servitude, forced labour and human trafficking (THB). First, I point out the mismatch between the interpretative techniques of international human rights law and national criminal law. The reportedly low numbers of prosecutions and convictions for abuses against migrants has gathered increasing attention. As a reaction it has been suggested that the definitions of THB and of slavery, servitude and forced labour (where the latters have been specifically criminalized) have to be expansively construed. These suggestions …


Transparency In International Economic Relations And The Role Of The Wto, Padideh Ala'i , Matthew D'Orsi Dec 2013

Transparency In International Economic Relations And The Role Of The Wto, Padideh Ala'i , Matthew D'Orsi

Padideh Ala'i

Chapter focuses on transparency commitments in WTO covered agreements. Discusses major provisions in WTO covered agreements regarding transparency and analyzes the application of thosse provisions before WTO panels and the Appellate Body.


Civil Consequences Of Corruption In International Commercial Contracts, Padideh Ala'i Dec 2013

Civil Consequences Of Corruption In International Commercial Contracts, Padideh Ala'i

Padideh Ala'i

The United States legal system seeks to prevent and prohibit bribery and corruption through a myriad of laws, regulations and policies. Anti-corruption jurisprudence is more developed in the context of public sector contracts where the United States criminalizes bribery of public officials through 18 U.S.C. §201 (Bribery of Public Officials and Witnesses). In addition, the United States was the first country to criminalize bribery of foreign government officials in 1977 with the passage of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). The FCPA has since been amended to comply with the adoption of the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign …


»A Kőkorszak Metafizikája« És A »Szép Új Világ«: Herbert Hart A Jog Emberképéről [‘The Metaphysics Of The Stone Age’ And The ‘Brave New World’: Hart On The Law’S View Of Man], Péter Cserne Dec 2013

»A Kőkorszak Metafizikája« És A »Szép Új Világ«: Herbert Hart A Jog Emberképéről [‘The Metaphysics Of The Stone Age’ And The ‘Brave New World’: Hart On The Law’S View Of Man], Péter Cserne

Péter Cserne

This paper analyses H.L.A. Hart’s views on the epistemic character of the law’s assumptions about human behaviour, as articulated in Causation in the Law and Punishment and Responsibility. Hart suggests that the assumptions behind legal doctrines typically combine common sense factual beliefs, moral intuitions, and philosophical theories of earlier ages with sound moral principles, and empirical knowledge. An important task of legal theory is to provide a ‘rational and critical foundation’ for these doctrines. This does not only imply conceptual clarification in light of an epistemic ideal of objectivity but also involves legal theorists in ‘enlightenment’ about empirical facts, ‘demystification’ …


The Virtues Of Law In The Politics Of Religious Freedom, Benjamin L. Berger Dec 2013

The Virtues Of Law In The Politics Of Religious Freedom, Benjamin L. Berger

Benjamin L. Berger

The moral force and capacity for inspiration of both religion and politics alike arise in part
from the sense that they authentically map the world as we nd it, yielding claims about
how it should be. This paper asks what role we might imagine for law in this “hyperreal”
world of religion and politics, arguing that law can display distinctive virtues linked
to its capacity for strategic agnosticism about the real. Applying Sunstein’s idea of “incompletely
theorized agreements” to the politics of religious freedom, the paper examines the
role of law as a tool of adhesion in two very different …


Response To Svoboda And Irvine (Ethical And Technical Challenges In Compensating For Harm Due To Solar Radiation Management Geoengineering), Jesse Reynolds Dec 2013

Response To Svoboda And Irvine (Ethical And Technical Challenges In Compensating For Harm Due To Solar Radiation Management Geoengineering), Jesse Reynolds

Jesse Reynolds

Svoboda and Irvine (S2014) consider possible compensation for harm from solar radiation management (SRM) geoengineering, implying that both SRM and compensation are futile efforts, bound to do more harm than good. However, the shortcomings of SRM and compensation for its potential negative secondary effects which they cite are found among three existing policy domains, which happen to intersect at the proposed compensation for SRM’s harms: socially organized responses to other complex problems (especially the provision of public goods), compensation (especially in complex situations), and climate change. An additional problematic aspect is that, to some degree, they stack the deck against …


Climate Engineering Field Research: The Favorable Setting Of International Environmental Law, Jesse Reynolds Dec 2013

Climate Engineering Field Research: The Favorable Setting Of International Environmental Law, Jesse Reynolds

Jesse Reynolds

As forecasts for climate change and its impacts have become more dire, climate engineering proposals have come under increasing consideration and are presently moving toward field trials. This article examines the relevant international environmental law, distinguishing between climate engineering research and deployment. It also emphasizes the climate change context of these proposals and the enabling function of law. Extant international environmental law generally favors such field tests, in large part because, even though field trials may present uncertain risks to humans and the environment, climate engineering may reduce the greater risks of climate change. Notably, this favorable legal setting is …


Conceptions Of Agency In Social Movement Scholarship: Mack On African American Civil Rights Lawyers [Comments], Susan D. Carle Dec 2013

Conceptions Of Agency In Social Movement Scholarship: Mack On African American Civil Rights Lawyers [Comments], Susan D. Carle

Susan D. Carle

This essay examines the theory of individual agency that propels the central thesis in Kenneth Mack's Representing the Race: The Creation of the Civil Rights Lawyer (2012)-namely, that an important yet understudied means by which African American civil rights lawyers changed conceptions of race through their work was through their very performance of the professional role of lawyer. Mack shows that this performance was inevitably fraught with tension and contradiction because African American lawyers were called upon to act both as exemplary representatives of their race and as performers of a professional role that traditionally had been reserved for whites …


What It Means To Be A Lawyer In These Uncertain Times: Some Thoughts On Ethical Participation In The Legal Education Industry, Susan D. Carle Dec 2013

What It Means To Be A Lawyer In These Uncertain Times: Some Thoughts On Ethical Participation In The Legal Education Industry, Susan D. Carle

Susan D. Carle

Discusses legal employment and salary and how legal education can address the current market.


Polarizing Precarious Perplexing, Craig B. Mousin Dec 2013

Polarizing Precarious Perplexing, Craig B. Mousin

Craig B. Mousin

No abstract provided.


Labor: Cost Of A Commodity Or Commitment To A Covenant, Craig B. Mousin Dec 2013

Labor: Cost Of A Commodity Or Commitment To A Covenant, Craig B. Mousin

Craig B. Mousin

No abstract provided.


Consumer-Credit Lawsuits In The New York City Civil Court, Gerald Lebovits Dec 2013

Consumer-Credit Lawsuits In The New York City Civil Court, Gerald Lebovits

Hon. Gerald Lebovits

No abstract provided.


New York Residential Landlord-Tenant Law And Procedure—2013-2014 (6th Ed. 2014), Gerald Lebovits Dec 2013

New York Residential Landlord-Tenant Law And Procedure—2013-2014 (6th Ed. 2014), Gerald Lebovits

Hon. Gerald Lebovits

No abstract provided.


Drafting New York Civil-Litigation Documents: Part Xxix—Disclosure Motions Continued, Gerald Lebovits Dec 2013

Drafting New York Civil-Litigation Documents: Part Xxix—Disclosure Motions Continued, Gerald Lebovits

Hon. Gerald Lebovits

No abstract provided.


E-Mail Netiquette For Lawyers, Gerald Lebovits Dec 2013

E-Mail Netiquette For Lawyers, Gerald Lebovits

Hon. Gerald Lebovits

No abstract provided.


E-Mail Netiquette For Lawyers, Gerald Lebovits Dec 2013

E-Mail Netiquette For Lawyers, Gerald Lebovits

Hon. Gerald Lebovits

No abstract provided.


¿Con La Misma Vara? Los Altibajos De La Igual Protección De Las Leyes En Las Opiniones Del Juez Federico Hernández Denton, Jorge R. Roig Dec 2013

¿Con La Misma Vara? Los Altibajos De La Igual Protección De Las Leyes En Las Opiniones Del Juez Federico Hernández Denton, Jorge R. Roig

Jorge R Roig

La carrera del juez presidente Federico Hernández Denton como juez del Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico abarca cuatro distintas décadas durante las cuales la sociedad puertorriqueña ha experimentado dramáticos cambios. Desde los intentos por eliminar el hostigamiento sexual y la violencia doméstica hasta el desarrollo de los derechos civiles de los individuos y las parejas homosexuales; desde el cierre de las urbanizaciones adineradas y el enclaustre de la clase media hasta los despidos masivos en el gobierno y la constitucionalización de las escoltas de los ex gobernadores; los cambios experimentados por los puertorriqueños no nos han tocado a todos por …


Wrongful Convictions, Policing, And The 'Wars On Crime And Drugs', Hannah Laqueur, Stephen Rushin, Jonathan Simon Dec 2013

Wrongful Convictions, Policing, And The 'Wars On Crime And Drugs', Hannah Laqueur, Stephen Rushin, Jonathan Simon

Jonathan S Simon

Wrongful conviction ought to be an aberration for any system of criminal punishment tied to legal adjudication; certainly in a system such as we have in the United States, premised on the constitutional bedrock of requiring a jury to find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt (Sandstrom v. Montana). We suggest, however, that during the so-called wars on crime and drugs, wrongful convictions are no longer mere aberrations, any more than is holding to the end of hostilities captured members of an enemy army. Specifically, we hypothesize that these two "fronts" in two parallel national "wars" have transformed police practices in …


Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall Dec 2013

Businesses Are People Too? Anomalies In Widening The Ambits Of "Consumer" Under Consumer Credit Law, Francina Cantatore, Brenda Marshall

Francina Cantatore

This article examines the position of the small business as "consumer" under existing consumer protection legislation and the incongruities arising from this characterisation in the area of consumer credit regulation. While the inclusion of small businesses may be defensible under the Australian Consumer Law, it is contended that this is not the case in consumer credit regulation. It is arguable that such an inclusion impacts significantly on commercial dealings and could have a lasting effect on the availability of credit to small businesses. The effects of treating businesses as consumers in relation to consumer credit transactions are far-reaching, potentially affecting …


A Tributação Estratégica. Introdução À Teoria Dos Jogos No Direito Tributário., Cristiano Carvalho Dec 2013

A Tributação Estratégica. Introdução À Teoria Dos Jogos No Direito Tributário., Cristiano Carvalho

Cristiano Rosa de Carvalho

O objetivo deste artigo é introduzir o campo de análise estratégica conhecido como Teoria dos Jogos aos operadores do direito tributário brasileiro.


Gift Promises And The Edge Of Contract Law, George Geis Dec 2013

Gift Promises And The Edge Of Contract Law, George Geis

George Geis

No abstract provided.


How Real Is Gentrification?, Michael Lewyn Dec 2013

How Real Is Gentrification?, Michael Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

Some commentators argue that gentrification is turning many cities into a playground for the rich. This article rejects that view, pointing out that even relatively affluent cities are still poorer than the average suburb.


Improved Performance Guarantees, Ian Ayres, Quinn Curtis Dec 2013

Improved Performance Guarantees, Ian Ayres, Quinn Curtis

Ian Ayres

Many mutual fund shareholders invest in funds with supra-competitive fees that reduce their expected return even though lower cost alternatives are available. While financial arbitrage could address this problem, conventional arbitrage is difficult to implement in the mutual fund market. This article proposes legal reform to our system of mutual fund regulation that responds to the problem of high-cost funds by providing the investors who are making the most substantial mistakes with salient and transparent market information about the existence of superior investment alternatives. We first consider ways that regulation could be reformed to facilitate what we call “short redemption,” …