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State and Local Government Law

Journal

2014

Institution
Keyword
Publication

Articles 151 - 180 of 202

Full-Text Articles in Law

Reflections On Reform Litigation: Strategic Intervention In Arizona's Ethnic Studies Ban, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1181 (2014), Jean Stefancic Jan 2014

Reflections On Reform Litigation: Strategic Intervention In Arizona's Ethnic Studies Ban, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1181 (2014), Jean Stefancic

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Strange Politics Of Medicaid Expansion, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 947 (2014), Steven Schwinn Jan 2014

The Strange Politics Of Medicaid Expansion, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 947 (2014), Steven Schwinn

UIC Law Review

This paper first outlines the Medicaid program, Medicaid expansion in the PPACA, and the Court’s ruling on Medicaid expansion in NFIB. It next explores the impacts of the opposition to Medicaid expansion. In particular, it details the substantial federal resources that opposing states will leave on the table, the health insurance coverage that states stand to deny to their poor citizens, and the constitutional law that opposing states left in NFIB.


The Usual Suspects: Judicial Review Of State Laws That Target Undocumented Immigrants, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1127 (2014), Jonathan Svitak Jan 2014

The Usual Suspects: Judicial Review Of State Laws That Target Undocumented Immigrants, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1127 (2014), Jonathan Svitak

UIC Law Review

This Comment will attempt to balance the interests of Arizona and Alabama in combating the growing problem of undocumented immigration against the interest of the documented and undocumented aliens and U.S. citizens protected by the Equal Protection Clause.


Where Are We At? The Illinois Constitution After Forty-Five Years, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (2014), Ann Lousin Jan 2014

Where Are We At? The Illinois Constitution After Forty-Five Years, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (2014), Ann Lousin

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Stubhub's Tug At The Municipal Purse String: Why The Home-Rule Taxing Powers Enumerated In The Illinois Constitution Must Remain Broad And Strong, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 37 (2014), Joseph Kearney Jan 2014

Stubhub's Tug At The Municipal Purse String: Why The Home-Rule Taxing Powers Enumerated In The Illinois Constitution Must Remain Broad And Strong, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 37 (2014), Joseph Kearney

UIC Law Review

The issues facing Illinois cities are equally, if not more, important today as in 1970 and will require local leaders to be able to use all governance tools at their disposal. The ability of a municipality to raise revenue is arguably one of the most important expressly granted by home rule. Accordingly, the Stubhub case should be viewed with caution going forward, as it raises the possibility of potentially serious challenges to municipal home rule power in the future. This article, then, will do several things. First, it will give the reader a concise definition and history of the constitutional …


Attention Gun-Rights Advocates! Don't Forget The Illinois Constitutional Right To Keep And Bear Arms, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 53 (2014), James Leven Jan 2014

Attention Gun-Rights Advocates! Don't Forget The Illinois Constitutional Right To Keep And Bear Arms, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 53 (2014), James Leven

UIC Law Review

This Article will show that Kalodimos’s reasoning is deeply flawed and also that developments in the law following that decision demonstrate that it is no longer viable.


Is Welching On Public Pension Promises An Option For Illinois? An Analysis Of Article Xiii, Section 5 Of Illinois Constitution, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 167 (2014), Eric Madiar Jan 2014

Is Welching On Public Pension Promises An Option For Illinois? An Analysis Of Article Xiii, Section 5 Of Illinois Constitution, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 167 (2014), Eric Madiar

UIC Law Review

This Article reviews not only the Pension Clause’s language and origins, but also the constitutional convention debates discussing it, and relevant court decisions construing the provision. The Article also evaluates the arguments made by legal commentators on behalf of particular stakeholders about whether the Clause allows the legislature to cut the pension benefits of current public employees and retirees as well as other related issues. The Article concludes that the General Assembly cannot unilaterally cut the pension benefits of current employees or retirees as a means to reduce the State’s existing pension liabilities based on the Clause’s plain language, the …


Stop Presumptive Transfers: How Forcing Juveniles To Prove They Should Remain In The Juvenile Justice System Is Inconsistent With Roper V. Simmons & Graham V. Florida, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 365 (2014), Rachel Fugett Jan 2014

Stop Presumptive Transfers: How Forcing Juveniles To Prove They Should Remain In The Juvenile Justice System Is Inconsistent With Roper V. Simmons & Graham V. Florida, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 365 (2014), Rachel Fugett

UIC Law Review

Overly expansive juvenile transfer laws are inconsistent with the Court’s reasoning because their primary objective is to transfer juveniles into the adult criminal justice system solely for the purpose of punishing and sentencing them like adults. In so doing, expansive juvenile transfer laws, more often than not, largely ignore a juvenile’s diminished culpability and greater capacity for change.


A New Devil In The White City: The Demolition Of Prentice Women's Hospital And The Failures Of Chicago's Landmarks Ordinance, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 391 (2014), Laura Luisi Jan 2014

A New Devil In The White City: The Demolition Of Prentice Women's Hospital And The Failures Of Chicago's Landmarks Ordinance, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 391 (2014), Laura Luisi

UIC Law Review

Chicago’s culture is, in large part, defined by its courageous, innovative, and rich architectural history. With such a strong cultural identity comes the responsibility to preserve the City’s character for generations to come. Throughout its history, the City of Chicago allowed architectural masterpieces to succumb to economic and political pressures. The recent decision in Hanna v. City of Chicago left Chicago’s Landmarks Ordinance unscathed, but nevertheless, its inadequacies are showcased by the demolition of the Prentice Women’s Hospital. An examination of the landmark ordinances of other large American cities further demonstrates the shortcomings of Chicago’s own ordinance. Chicago’s Landmarks Ordinance, …


Disqualifying Defense Counsel: The Curse Of The Sixth Amendment, Keith Swisher Jan 2014

Disqualifying Defense Counsel: The Curse Of The Sixth Amendment, Keith Swisher

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

Lawyer disqualification—the process of ejecting a conflicted lawyer, firm, or agency from a case—is fairly routine and well-mapped in civil litigation. In criminal cases, however, there is an added ingredient: the Sixth Amendment. Gideon, which is celebrating its fiftieth anniversary, effectively added this ingredient to disqualification analysis involving indigent state defendants although it already existed in essence for both federal defendants and defendants with the wherewithal to retain counsel. Once a defendant is entitled to counsel, the many questions that follow include whether and to what extent conflicts of interest—or other misconduct—render that counsel constitutionally ineffective. Most cases and commentary …


Tax Ferrets, Tax Consultants, Bounty Hunters, And Hired Guns: The Property Tax Netherworld Fueled By Contingency Fees And Champertous Agreements, J. Lyn Entrikin Jan 2014

Tax Ferrets, Tax Consultants, Bounty Hunters, And Hired Guns: The Property Tax Netherworld Fueled By Contingency Fees And Champertous Agreements, J. Lyn Entrikin

Chicago-Kent Law Review

Contingency fee agreements between local tax assessors and contract auditors on the one hand, and property owners and private tax consultants on the other, create perverse financial incentives that undermine the integrity of state and local property tax administration. When local governments engage outside auditors to identify undervalued or escaped taxable property, the practice raises serious due process and ethical concerns. As a matter of policy, diverting a share of property tax revenue to private third parties in consideration for outsourced tax assessment services undermines public accountability and reduces net property tax revenue for local government services. And when states …


Warr V. Jmgm Group: Maryland Dram Shops Escape Duty To Foreseeable Victims Of Drunk Driving, Katherine O'Konski Jan 2014

Warr V. Jmgm Group: Maryland Dram Shops Escape Duty To Foreseeable Victims Of Drunk Driving, Katherine O'Konski

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.


Oil, Gas, And Mineral Law, Richard F. Brown Jan 2014

Oil, Gas, And Mineral Law, Richard F. Brown

SMU Annual Texas Survey

No abstract provided.


Taxation, Cynthia M. Ohlenfrost, Sam Megally, William J. Ledoux Jan 2014

Taxation, Cynthia M. Ohlenfrost, Sam Megally, William J. Ledoux

SMU Annual Texas Survey

No abstract provided.


Reviving Legislative Generality, Evan C. Zoldan Jan 2014

Reviving Legislative Generality, Evan C. Zoldan

Marquette Law Review

The Supreme Court does not recognize a constitutional principle disfavoring special legislation, that is, legislation that singles out identifiable individuals for benefits or harms that are not applied to the rest of the population. As a result, both Congress and state legislatures routinely enact special legislation despite the fact that it has been linked to a variety of social harms, including corruption and the exacerbation of social inequality. But the Court’s weak protections against special legislation, and the resulting harms, are not inevitable. Instead, special legislation can be limited by what may be called a value of legislative generality, that …


Unbundling Federalism: Colorado's Legalization Of Marijuana And Federalism's Many Forms, Jessica Bulman-Pozen Jan 2014

Unbundling Federalism: Colorado's Legalization Of Marijuana And Federalism's Many Forms, Jessica Bulman-Pozen

University of Colorado Law Review

This short Essay argues that various attributes we associate with federalism should not be deemed necessary components of federalism as a definitional or normative matter. Using Colorado's recent legalization of marijuana as a case study, it shows how two such attributes-an autonomous realm of state action and independent state officials with distinctive interests-can be pulled apart. State officials often further their interests and effectively oppose federal policy when they participate in the same statutory scheme as federal actors instead of operating in a separate, autonomous sphere. At the same time, state officials frequently rely on the autonomous lawmaking and executive …


"Whiffs Of Federalism" In United States V. Windsor: Power, Localism, And Kulturkampf, Marc R. Poirier Jan 2014

"Whiffs Of Federalism" In United States V. Windsor: Power, Localism, And Kulturkampf, Marc R. Poirier

University of Colorado Law Review

No abstract provided.


Recent Development: Nash V. State: Jury Note Expressing Concern About Motives Behind A Juroror Ury Note Expressing Concern About Motives Behind A Jurororsumption Of Prejudice Requiring Voir Dire Sua Sponte, Nadya Cheatham Jan 2014

Recent Development: Nash V. State: Jury Note Expressing Concern About Motives Behind A Juroror Ury Note Expressing Concern About Motives Behind A Jurororsumption Of Prejudice Requiring Voir Dire Sua Sponte, Nadya Cheatham

University of Baltimore Law Forum

The Court of Appeals of Maryland held that a note from a jury, containing allegations that a juror would change her original voting position if it meant she could go home earlier, did not raise a presumption of prejudice and therefore did not require the trial judge to conduct voir dire sua sponte. Nash v. State, 439 Md. 53, 94 A.3d 23 (2014). Additionally, the court held that the trial judge did not abuse her discretion when she chose to release the jurors and remind them of their duties under oath, rather than directly assuring the impartiality of the jurors. …


Supplemental Pay Or Supplemental Power?: Why The Ohio General Assembly's Compensation Structure Unconstitutionally Centralizes Power In The General Assembly Leadership, Frank Camardo Jan 2014

Supplemental Pay Or Supplemental Power?: Why The Ohio General Assembly's Compensation Structure Unconstitutionally Centralizes Power In The General Assembly Leadership, Frank Camardo

Cleveland State Law Review

In the Ohio House and Senate, committee chairpersons and other select members of legislative committees receive a supplemental salary, in addition to their base legislator pay, for their service on the committee. The Ohio Constitution, however, mandates that legislator pay be fixed by law (hereinafter “Fixed Compensation Provision”) and that no changes to compensation take place during the term (hereinafter “No Change Provision”). Because the Speaker of the House and the Senate President have the power to discretionarily appoint and remove committee chairpersons during the term, compensation necessarily changes during the term of a removed chairperson. Such in-term changes violate …


Justifying A Prudential Solution To The Williamson County Ripeness Puzzle, Katherine M. Crocker Jan 2014

Justifying A Prudential Solution To The Williamson County Ripeness Puzzle, Katherine M. Crocker

Georgia Law Review

In the much-maligned 1985 case Williamson County Regional Planning Commission v. Hamilton Bank of Johnson City, the Supreme Court articulated a rule of "ripeness" requiring most Fifth Amendment regulatory- takings claimants to seek 'just compensation" in state court before attempting to litigate in federal court. Williamson County and its progeny have opened a Pandora's box of unforeseen complications, spawning many more questions than they purported to answer. At the forefront is what kind of requirement the rule is anyway. This Article contends that reading Williamson County as grounded in the Constitution (specifically, in Article III or the Fifth Amendment) runs …


Beyond A Reasonable Doubt: The Constitutionality Of Georgia's Burden Of Proof In Executing The Mentally Retarded, Veronica M. O'Grady Jan 2014

Beyond A Reasonable Doubt: The Constitutionality Of Georgia's Burden Of Proof In Executing The Mentally Retarded, Veronica M. O'Grady

Georgia Law Review

In 2002, the Supreme Court in Atkins v. Virginia announced that executing mentally retarded defendants violates the Constitution. Georgia's standard for determining whether a criminal defendant is mentally retarded-and therefore ineligible for the death penalty- is the highest in the nation, requiring defendants to prove mental retardation to a jury, during the guilt and innocence phase, beyond a reasonable doubt. As in the case of Warren Lee Hill, Jr., this high burden necessarily results in Georgia executing defendants who are almost certainly mentally retarded,arguably violating the Atkins directive. Though once the first state to create a ban on executing the …


Municipal Law—Municipal Police Power & Its Adverse Effects On Small Businesses In Arkansas: A Proposal For Reform, Justin Craig Jan 2014

Municipal Law—Municipal Police Power & Its Adverse Effects On Small Businesses In Arkansas: A Proposal For Reform, Justin Craig

University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review

No abstract provided.


Interactive Antitrust Federalism: Antitrust Enforcement In Tennessee Then And Now, Clark L. Hildabrand Jan 2014

Interactive Antitrust Federalism: Antitrust Enforcement In Tennessee Then And Now, Clark L. Hildabrand

Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law

In light of the recent debates surrounding the proper relationship between federal and state antitrust enforcement, this Paper explores the early years of state antitrust enforcement to see how the Sherman Act impacted state antitrust law. Since Tennessee was the location of the first federal case brought under the Sherman Act and has been involved in recent indirect purchaser action against Microsoft Corporation, this Paper particularly focuses on the development of antitrust law within Tennessee. Before the Sherman Act, Tennessee antitrust enforcement was limited to the narrow confines of common law restraint of trade, but the implementation of the Sherman …


Municipal Manifest Destiny: Constitutionality Of Unilateral Municipal Annexations, Dustin Cammack Jan 2014

Municipal Manifest Destiny: Constitutionality Of Unilateral Municipal Annexations, Dustin Cammack

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Deep In The Heart Of Texas: How Carbon Sequestration Will Affect Valuation Of The Subsurface., Sarah Anne Lishman Jan 2014

Deep In The Heart Of Texas: How Carbon Sequestration Will Affect Valuation Of The Subsurface., Sarah Anne Lishman

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.


The Texas Anti-Indemnity Act., Taylor R. Beaver Jan 2014

The Texas Anti-Indemnity Act., Taylor R. Beaver

St. Mary's Law Journal

Owners, general contractors, and subcontractors enter into agreements to ameliorate risk amongst those exercising control. Some of these include hold-harmless agreements, indemnity agreements, releases, and agreements conferring additional insured status to others. Typically, parties enjoy freedom to contract as they wish. Texas has long recognized, as a matter of public policy, a party’s right to draft contracts however it sees fit. Historically, risk-shifting agreements were enforceable if they passed the fair notice requirements, meaning the express negligence rule and the conspicuousness test. The trend in recent years, however, has been to limit exculpatory clauses. In 2011, the Texas Legislature effectively …


Texas Remedies In Equity For Breach Of Fiduciary Duty: Disgorgement, Forfeiture, And Fracturing., George P. Roach Jan 2014

Texas Remedies In Equity For Breach Of Fiduciary Duty: Disgorgement, Forfeiture, And Fracturing., George P. Roach

St. Mary's Law Journal

The remedy of fee forfeiture against lawyer fiduciaries has been marginalized. Following Burrow v. Arce, Texas trial courts have frequently applied a no-fracturing rule that effectively bars a claim for breach of fiduciary duty against an attorney. Although the court in Burrow held actual damages were not a prerequisite for fee forfeiture, many Texas trial courts have not followed that precedent. Most Texas trial courts require the plaintiff to prove actual damages to survive a summary judgment motion. Others have openly asserted that not all legitimate claims for breach of fiduciary duty should be allowed as an alternative claim to …


The Dual Role Of A Chief Justice., Catherine Stone Jan 2014

The Dual Role Of A Chief Justice., Catherine Stone

St. Mary's Law Journal

Notwithstanding the growing trend of high-dollar judicial election campaigns, many citizens do not know what appellate judges and appellate courts do. Faced with the reality of obscurity and the ever-present potential of failed reelection campaigns, appellate judges work each day to fulfill the mission of appellate courts: to efficiently resolve the legal disputes presented in appeals from lower court decisions with written opinions that are well reasoned, thoroughly researched, and intellectually honest. It is the responsibility of the Chief Justice to promote that core mission with all justices on the court, thereby working to best serve the legal needs of …


The Aftermath Of Mexico's Fuel-Theft Epidemic: Examining The Texas Black Market And The Conspiracy To Trade In Stolen Condensate., Luke B. Reinhart Jan 2014

The Aftermath Of Mexico's Fuel-Theft Epidemic: Examining The Texas Black Market And The Conspiracy To Trade In Stolen Condensate., Luke B. Reinhart

St. Mary's Law Journal

Organized crime has infiltrated the oil patch, creating a theft network with an annual value of $2–$4 billion. Over the past decade, Mexican drug cartels have plundered mass amounts of natural gas condensate produced by Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex)—the governing Mexican agency for production and export of hydrocarbons. The Mexican government has not sat by idly. Pemex’s production losses have skyrocketed from $300 million, between 2006 and 2011, to an estimated $585 million in 2013 alone. Considering derivative costs associated with these thefts, Pemex’s annual losses reach into the billions. Diversified and driven by profits derived from the United States black …


Mandamus Review Of The Granting Of The Motion For New Trial: Lost In The Thicket., Richard E. Flint Jan 2014

Mandamus Review Of The Granting Of The Motion For New Trial: Lost In The Thicket., Richard E. Flint

St. Mary's Law Journal

A trial court’s broad discretion in granting a new trial has been one of the mainstays of Texas jurisprudence since early statehood. Historically, this discretion was not subject to review through the ordinary appellate processes. This principle remains inviolate today, as the granting of a new trial is an interlocutory order from which the appellate courts of Texas do not have jurisdiction. Furthermore, the use of an original mandamus proceeding to compel a trial court to set aside the granting of a new trial has had only limited application. However, in response to the case of In re Columbia Medical …