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Articles 871 - 900 of 1445
Full-Text Articles in Law
Medical Malpractice (Book Review), Robert B. Leflar
Medical Malpractice (Book Review), Robert B. Leflar
Robert B Leflar
This is a review of Medical Malpractice, by Frank Sloan and Lindsey Chepke. This superb book provides a balanced, comprehensive, factual overview of the structure, flaws, and merits of the U.S. legal system relating to malpractice; the causes of cyclical insurance pricing and availability difficulties; ameliorative initiatives both implemented and proposed; and the political considerations affecting the achievability of leading reform proposals. The authors' evidence-based stances will discommode many participants in the malpractice debate, physicians and trial lawyers alike. The book debunks widely-held "myths of medical malpractice" propounded by medical tort reformers. However, the authors also conclude that "no convincing …
Feminism, Power, And Sex Work In The Context Of Hiv/Aids: Consequences For Women's Health, Aziza Ahmed
Feminism, Power, And Sex Work In The Context Of Hiv/Aids: Consequences For Women's Health, Aziza Ahmed
Aziza Ahmed
No abstract provided.
Alternatives To Criminalization Of Hiv Transmission And Exposure, Aziza Ahmed
Alternatives To Criminalization Of Hiv Transmission And Exposure, Aziza Ahmed
Aziza Ahmed
No abstract provided.
Moving Upstream: The Merits Of A Public Health Law Approach To Human Trafficking, Jonathan Todres
Moving Upstream: The Merits Of A Public Health Law Approach To Human Trafficking, Jonathan Todres
Jonathan Todres
Human trafficking, a gross violation of human rights and human dignity, has been identified by numerous government leaders as one of the priority issues of our time. Legislative efforts over the past decade have produced a patchwork of criminal laws and some assistance programs for victims. There is no evidence, however, that these efforts have reduced the incidence of trafficking. This lack of meaningful progress prompts questions as to what the best framework is for addressing human trafficking. This Article begins with a discussion of the limitations inherent in the current law-enforcement-centric approach to the problem. It then explores the …
Self-Insurance And The Potential Effects Of Health Reform On The Small-Group Market, Kathryn Linehan
Self-Insurance And The Potential Effects Of Health Reform On The Small-Group Market, Kathryn Linehan
National Health Policy Forum
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) as amended by the Health Care Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 makes landmark changes to health insurance markets. Individual and small-group insurance plans and markets will see the biggest changes, but PPACA also affects large employer and self-insured plans by imposing rules for benefit design and health plan practices. Over half of workers—most often those in very large firms—are covered by self-insured health plans in which employers (or employee groups) bear all or some of the risk of providing insurance coverage to a defined population of workers and their dependents. As PPACA …
The Elder Justice Act: Addressing Elder Abuse, Neglect, And Exploitation, Carol O'Shaughnessy
The Elder Justice Act: Addressing Elder Abuse, Neglect, And Exploitation, Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
Elder abuse, neglect, and exploitation is a social problem that affects older people across all socioeconomic groups and care settings. Although national data on the full extent of the problem are elusive, one study found that 11 percent of older people living in community settings had experienced physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, or potential neglect during one year. Abuse and neglect of residents of nursing facilities and other institutions have been a continuing concern of policymakers and advocates for many years. The Elder Justice Act (EJA), enacted as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) on March …
Aging And Disability Resource Centers (Adrcs): Federal And State Efforts To Guide Consumers Through The Long-Term Services And Supports Maze, Carol O'Shaughnessy
Aging And Disability Resource Centers (Adrcs): Federal And State Efforts To Guide Consumers Through The Long-Term Services And Supports Maze, Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
Since 2003, the U.S. Administration on Aging (AoA) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have made a series of grants to states to develop Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRCs). The ADRC program’s purpose is to help people of all ages, disabilities, and income levels more easily access long-term services and supports through single points of entry, make more efficient use of care options, and maximize the services available. Almost $111 million in joint AoA-CMS funding has been devoted to the ADRC initiative since its inception in fiscal year 2003. As of October 2010, 325 ADRC sites …
Agenda: 2010 World Energy Justice Conference: Emerging Solutions For The Energy Poor: Technological, Entrepreneurial And Institutional Challenges, University Of Colorado Boulder. Center For Energy & Environmental Security, Colorado Journal Of International Environmental Law And Policy
Agenda: 2010 World Energy Justice Conference: Emerging Solutions For The Energy Poor: Technological, Entrepreneurial And Institutional Challenges, University Of Colorado Boulder. Center For Energy & Environmental Security, Colorado Journal Of International Environmental Law And Policy
2010 World Energy Justice Conference (November 5)
This conference is a sequel to the 2009 World Energy Justice Conference (WEJC 2009) which began examining ways of mainstreaming safe, clean, and efficient energy for the world's Energy Poor (EP). The EP number two and a half billion people living on less than $1-2 a day who have no access to modern energy services. WEJC 2010 more fully develops these themes. WEJC 2010 will explore how the next round of global warming meetings in Cancun could design new flexibility mechanisms that give credits, for example, for the reduction of black carbon by the adoption of cookstoves, and embrace small …
Premium Assistance: An Update, Cynthia Shirk
Premium Assistance: An Update, Cynthia Shirk
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper explores the use of premium assistance in publicly financed health insurance coverage programs. In Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program, premium assistance involves using federal and state funds to subsidize premiums for the purchase of private insurance coverage for eligible individuals. This paper reviews the statutory authority for premium assistance, including two new options made available under the Children’s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009. It examines the status of premium assistance programs in the states and offers some insights into how premium assistance programs may fare under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
El Papel De La Educación Y Las Ong’S En Mejorar El Acceso A Derechos Para Inmigrantes: El Caso De Los Derechos Sexuales Y Reproductivos = The Role Of Education And Ngo’S In Helping Immigrants Obtain Better Access To Their Rights: The Specific Case Of Sexual And Reproductive Rights, Amy Torres
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
In January of 2004, Argentina approved a new immigration law that guaranteed the protection of human rights for all immigrants in the country regardless of their legal status with the State. Among the rights explicitly guaranteed by this law were the right to migrate, the right to education and the right to health care. While this law represents a significant advance by the Argentine government in protecting the human rights of immigrants, oppressive mechanisms still remain in everyday practices that inhibit actual access to their rights.
Considering the changes in the law and the breach between the laws and everyday …
The Primary Care Safety Net: Strained, Transitioning, Critical, Jessamyn Taylor
The Primary Care Safety Net: Strained, Transitioning, Critical, Jessamyn Taylor
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper examines the primary care safety net. It describes key primary care safety net providers, including federally qualified health centers, free clinics, local health departments, and safety net hospital outpatient departments and clinics, among others. The paper also explores the changing role of the primary care safety net in a post–health reform marketplace.
High Hopes: Public Health Approaches To Reducing The Need For Health Care, Michele J. Orza
High Hopes: Public Health Approaches To Reducing The Need For Health Care, Michele J. Orza
National Health Policy Forum
Driven in part by a desire to contain health care costs, policymakers are looking beyond medical care for opportunities to reduce the need for expensive services. This paper briefly reviews current public health concepts and strategies for improving health that emphasize nonmedical factors such as behavior, socioeconomic status, and environment. It also provides examples of how these concepts and strategies undergird many of the public health provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, other legislation, and several programs and initiatives. These concepts include prevention, health in all policies, global health, the One Health Initiative, and climate change and …
Governmental Public Health: An Overview Of State And Local Public Health Agencies, Eileen Salinsky
Governmental Public Health: An Overview Of State And Local Public Health Agencies, Eileen Salinsky
National Health Policy Forum
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act significantly expands federal support for community prevention and public health. This paper describes the governmental public health infrastructure at both the state and local level in terms of organizational structure, activities, financing, workforce, partnerships, and performance improvement efforts.
Medicare Physician Fees: The Data Behind The Numbers, Laura A. Dummit
Medicare Physician Fees: The Data Behind The Numbers, Laura A. Dummit
National Health Policy Forum
Medicare’s physician fee schedule distributes nearly $60 billion annually and is a critical determinant of individual physicians’ incomes, beneficiaries' access to health care services, and Medicare spending, as well as the basis for physician fees used by many private payers. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) relies on data derived from expert judgment and other sources to update the fee schedule. Although CMS’s methods and data for maintaining the fee schedule have improved over the years, concerns remain about medical specialty society involvement and the lack of an effective ”counterweight” to vested interests in establishing and updating the …
Tapping The Potential Of The Health Care Workforce: Scope-Of-Practice And Payment Policies For Advanced Practice Nurses And Physician Assistants, Robert Cunningham
Tapping The Potential Of The Health Care Workforce: Scope-Of-Practice And Payment Policies For Advanced Practice Nurses And Physician Assistants, Robert Cunningham
National Health Policy Forum
Expanding coverage and increasing delivery of team-based care are likely to entail a growing role in the
health system for advanced practice nurses (APNs), physician assistants (PAs), and other nonphysician clinicians. These professions have already grown rapidly and have increased access to primary and specialty care, especially in rural and other underserved areas. This background paper provides an overview of the role of APNs and PAs. It reviews the primary features of the training and credentialing of these health professions, including the impact of public policies and market forces on their growth and deployment. It describes variations in state scope-of-practice …
Keeping Health Insurance After A Job Loss: Cobra Continuation Coverage And Subsidies, Kathryn Linehan
Keeping Health Insurance After A Job Loss: Cobra Continuation Coverage And Subsidies, Kathryn Linehan
National Health Policy Forum
Many Americans under 65 have health insurance through an employer. Beginning in 1985, a federal law known as COBRA required that eligible workers and their dependents have the option to continue employer-based group health coverage when employment is terminated. Because premiums for COBRA coverage can be very expensive, the 111th Congress included provisions in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (and subsequent legislation) to temporarily subsidize premiums for those who have lost their jobs since September 2008. This issue brief outlines the eligibility rules for COBRA as well as the current COBRA subsidies. It also discusses the possible …
Health Care Shortage Designations: Hpsa, Mua, And Tbd, Eileen Salinsky
Health Care Shortage Designations: Hpsa, Mua, And Tbd, Eileen Salinsky
National Health Policy Forum
A wide variety of federal programs designed to improve access to health care services rely on specific criteria to designate areas and populations eligible for funding and other types of aid. Two related yet distinct designations, the Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) and the Medically Underserved Area (MUA), are most commonly used to identify underserved people or places. This background paper reviews the methodologies currently utilized in these designations, identifies the federal programs that use these designations to allocate resources, describes proposals that have been advanced to consolidate and improve these designations, and discusses key issues and challenges for future …
Heath Care Spending: Why Is Miami An Outlier?, Laura A. Dummit, Mary Ellen Stahlman
Heath Care Spending: Why Is Miami An Outlier?, Laura A. Dummit, Mary Ellen Stahlman
National Health Policy Forum
The National Health Policy Forum’s site visit to Miami focused on the complex factors that drive health care spending and is the latest in a series on the dynamics of health care markets. Miami has long been recognized as having among the highest Medicare per capita spending in the country, along with high rates of uninsured, strong managed care presence, and a history of health care fraud. This colorful health care market brings into stark relief many of the reasons for high and growing health care spending across the country. It also highlights several issues involved in building and maintaining …
Physician Assessment: Measuring Competence And Performance, Lisa Sprague
Physician Assessment: Measuring Competence And Performance, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
No abstract provided.
An Evaluation Of Lead In Imported Candies Within Clark County, Nevada, Usa, Lee Reuben Ibarra
An Evaluation Of Lead In Imported Candies Within Clark County, Nevada, Usa, Lee Reuben Ibarra
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Imported candies from Latin America pose a danger to children because of the potential for those candies to contain harmful levels of lead. This study sought to identify characteristics of imported candies that typically display higher concentrations of lead. This study also explored the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic model developed by the EPA. Using lead exposure data specific to Clark County, Nevada, the IEUBK model was used to estimate the amounts of candy a child would have to consume in order to raise his blood lead level to over 10µg/dL (the federal allowable limit).
The results showed that candies with …
Information And Incentives: Improving The Health Of New York City's Low-Income Population, Kathryn Linehan, Lisa Sprague
Information And Incentives: Improving The Health Of New York City's Low-Income Population, Kathryn Linehan, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
The National Health Policy Forum sponsored a site visit to New York City (NYC) in April 2010 to explore health care delivery for Medicaid beneficiaries and the uninsured in New York City’s hospital-dominated market. New York offers real-time examples of government policy and provider initiatives in health information technology (IT) and quality improvement being played out on a large, complex, and dynamic stage with multiple stakeholders. Site visit participants heard from providers and others who discussed efforts to improve the quality of care for low-income New Yorkers through a variety of methods, such as the adoption and use of electronic …
Intellectual Propriety: Compulsory Licenses Through The Trips Agreement And The Doha Declaration On Public Health, Samuel Mintzer Fuchs
Intellectual Propriety: Compulsory Licenses Through The Trips Agreement And The Doha Declaration On Public Health, Samuel Mintzer Fuchs
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS), part of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations led to the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, has led to a variety of interpretations and opinions. Though its application goes beyond matters of public health, it is this area that has come under the most scrutiny in the last fifteen years as the gaps between developed and developing countries have widened and exposed the health disparities between the two groups. Tensions over intellectual property and access to newly developed medicines to treat diseases such as HIV and …
The State Health Insurance Assistance Program (Ship), Carol O'Shaughnessy
The State Health Insurance Assistance Program (Ship), Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
The State Health Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP), created by section 4360 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1990 and administered by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), supports grants to states and jurisdictions to provide information, counseling, and assistance to Medicare beneficiaries and their families on Medicare and other health insurance questions. This publication describes the program and presents its funding history.
Oral Health Checkup: Progress In Tough Fiscal Times?, Cynthia Shirk
Oral Health Checkup: Progress In Tough Fiscal Times?, Cynthia Shirk
National Health Policy Forum
Almost ten years after the surgeon general’s report designating dental disease as the “silent epidemic,” the nation continues to struggle with adequate access to and utilization of dental services. This is particularly true for low-income individuals, who experience more than twice the amount of untreated dental disease as their higher-income peers. This issue brief reviews sources of dental coverage for low-income children and adults and the challenges these programs face. It highlights some examples of state Medicaid initiatives to improve access and utilization for children and the progress of these initiatives. Finally, it examines the potential effects of the economy …
Reasons To Pass Health Reform, Robert B. Leflar, Hershey Garner Md
Reasons To Pass Health Reform, Robert B. Leflar, Hershey Garner Md
Robert B Leflar
Column 5 (of 5) on the health reform debate
The Ryan White Hiv/Aids Program, Jessamyn Taylor
The Ryan White Hiv/Aids Program, Jessamyn Taylor
National Health Policy Forum
This publication describes the basics of the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program, the largest federal program solely focused on treating people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States. The program funds cities, states, and community-based organizations to provide primary care, prescription drugs, and support services to low-income, uninsured, and underinsured people living with HIV/AIDS.
Health Reform: Arkansas Impacts, Robert B. Leflar
Health Reform: Arkansas Impacts, Robert B. Leflar
Robert B Leflar
Column 4 (of 5) on the health reform debate
The Medical Education Of Physicians, Jonathan Saxton
The Medical Education Of Physicians, Jonathan Saxton
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper provides a descriptive overview of the process of education, licensing, certification, and continuing education involved in becoming and continuing to practice as a physician.
Ssrn As An Initial Revolution In Academic Knowledge Aggregation And Dissemination, David Bray, Sascha Vitzthum, Benn Konsynski
Ssrn As An Initial Revolution In Academic Knowledge Aggregation And Dissemination, David Bray, Sascha Vitzthum, Benn Konsynski
Sascha Vitzthum
Within this paper we consider our results of using the Social Science Research Network (SSRN) over a period of 18 months to distribute our working papers to the research community. Our experiences have been quite positive, with SSRN serving as a platform both to inform our colleagues about our research as well as inform us about related research (through email and telephoned conversations of colleagues who discovered our paper on SSRN). We then discuss potential future directions for SSRN to consider, and how SSRN might well represent an initial revolution in 21st century academic knowledge aggregation and dissemination. Our paper …
Responding To Nursing Home Abuse-Case Study Of Illinois Department Of Public Health, Department Of Professional Regulation. Us Human Rights Record Worse Than China Record, James T. Struck
James T Struck
Illinois takes away the right to decide and resources of people with disabilities under guardianship. Other nations and states also have guardianship with over 1.6 million people under guardianship, and 1.6 million in nursing homes. Some Illinois nursing homes deny liberties such as phone use, visitation, coming home, fresh air away from second hand smoking, consent, chemicals used, dental services, religious services, knowing where family is, museums, zoos, parks, reunions. This article addresses the regulatory response. When seeking the assistance of the Illinois Department of Public Health, Illinois Human Rights Department, and Illinois Department of Professional Regulation, requests for phone …