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Implementasi Pemusnahan Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs) Di Indonesia, Florentinus Binsar Tumindi

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

This thesis discusses the Implementation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Elimination in Indonesia. PCBs have a harmful impact on human health and the environment. PCBs are found in many transformers and capacitors. In 2028, PCBs must be destroyed by Indonesian Government. International trade allows the export-import of PCBs based on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with the aim of destroying PCBs between countries, with due respect of Article 20 letter ‘b’ of the GATT or what is called environmental exception. The destruction of PCBs can be done through 2 (two) methods or technologies, …

Right To Health In Gats: Can The Public Health Exception Pave The Way For Complementarity?, Swati Gola

Pace International Law Review

This paper demonstrates how a right to health approach in the interpretation of the public health exception outlined in GATS Article XIV(b) can bring about a harmonious application of international human rights and international trade law regimes. Focusing on the interpretive value of the right to health for the public health exception in GATS, it examines whether a WTO Member, who has committed itself under GATS to fully liberalize all service sectors that have implications for health (e.g., hospital and other healthcare services), still retains the regulatory space to undertake measures to fulfill their right to health obligations and can …

Diamonds On The Souls Of Her Shoes: The Kimberly Process And The Morality Exception To Wto Restrictions, Karen E. Woody

Karen Woody

This Article analyzes the events predicating the Kimberley Process and examines the validity of the Kimberley Process in relation to international trade obligations. Part I describes the background of conflict diamonds and their role in African wars. The section outlines the need for regulation in the diamond industry and examines how other attempted measures at curbing the illicit diamond trade have fallen short. Part II details the Kimberley Process and its guidelines. This section analyzes the relevant U.S. legislation passed in 2003, the Clean Diamond Trade Act. Part II also suggests that because the Kimberley Process ("KP") is predicated upon …

Two-Dimensional Hard-Soft Law Theory And The Advancement Of Women's And Lgbtq+ Rights Through Free Trade Agreements, Raj Bhala, Cody N. Wood

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Never For-Gatt: What Recent Tbt Decisions Reveal About The Appellate Body’S Analysis Of Environmental Regulation Under The Wto Agreements, Ravi Soopramanien

Sustainable Development Law & Policy

Few environmentalists have positive things to say on the impact of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the environment. WTO legal obligations are frequently cited as the most significant impediment to a range of environmental initiatives, including notably meaningful international coordination to combat climate change, particularly through carbon tax initiatives, and imposition of electronic waste disposal export bans. In this vein, adverse findings of WTO dispute panels on environmental conservation measures tend to attract the ire of international civil society. The tensions between liberal trade and environmental protection can be traced back to the days of the General Agreement on …

Follow The Leader: Eliminating Perverse Global Fishing Subsidies Through Unilateral Domestic Trade Measures, Anastasia Telesetsky

Maine Law Review

Perverse subsidies including fuel tax rebates lead to overfishing though a combination of overcapacity and excess fishing effort. The current overfishing trend has depleted certain key commercial fisheries with implications for future food security, particularly in regions dependent on fish protein. Over the course of the past four decades, there have been a number of multilateral efforts to eliminate the subsidies including environmental treaties, environmental targets, and trade negotiations. None of these attempts and a global cooperative response have achieved a reduction in perverse subsidies. This Essay proposes the adoption of unilateral trade measures or a set of “Friends of …

The Tbt Agreement’S Failure To Solve U.S. - Cool, Elinore R. Carroll

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Refining Statutory Interpretation: How Natural Gas Export Regulations Violate U.S. International Trade Obligations, Amanda L. Tharpe

Catholic University Law Review

As a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the United States is required to abide by nondiscriminatory trade policies when exporting products to other WTO members. Current U.S. policy regulating natural gas exports impose burdensome and lengthy licensing procedures on those requesting approval of a permit to export natural gas to countries with which the U.S. does not have a free trade agreement. A similar commodity, crude oil, is regulated by different regulations that allow for U.S. oil producers to freely export crude oil overseas. This Comment analyzes the differences in federal laws and regulations governing the export of …

Reaching For Environmental And Economic Harmony: Can Ttip Negotiations Bridge The U.S.-Eu Chemical Regulatory Gap?, Ashley Henson

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Membership And Nonmembership In The International Monetary Fund. By Joseph Gold. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1974., Paul C. Szasz

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Providing For Environmental Safeguards In The Development Loans Given By The World Bank Group To The Developing Countries, John W. Kindt

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Trade Act Of 1974: Soviet-American Commercial Relations And The Future, Kenneth Klein

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The United Nations Convention On The Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Arbitral Awards: The First Four Years, A. Jason Mirabito

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Concept Of Compensation In The Field Of Trade And Environment, Shadia Schneider-Sawiris

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Colloquium On Certain Legal Aspects Of Inter-American Cooperation: Establishment Of Mechanisms For The Settlement Of Economic Disputes; Views In The Americas On Basic Questions Relating To The Law Of The Sea, Gabriel M. Wilner, Michael A. Robison, Dr. Enrique E. Bledel, Dr. José J. Caicedo Perdomo, A. A. Fatuoros, Dale Furnish, David A. Gantz, Dr. F. V. García-Amador, Moorhead C. Kennedy, Dr. C. Luppinacci, Dr. Valerie T. Mccomie, Dr. Alfodo Molina Orantes, Francisco Orrego Vicuña, José Pagés, Seymour Rubin, Dean Rusk

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Legal Aspects Of Convertibility, Dr. Rainer Geiger

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Book Review: The Gatt - Law And International Economic Organization. By Kenneth W. Dam. Chicago And London: The University Of Chicago Press, 1970. Pp. Xvii, 480. $15.00., Pasco M. Bowman Ii

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Developing An International Carbon Tax Regime, Steven Specht

Steven Specht

As atmospheric CO2 remains in the range of 400 ppm, it is necessary to find new international coordination to deal with climate change. The best way forward is an international regime of harmonized domestic carbon taxes. By agreeing to a minimum amount of taxation on domestic, point-source producers, money can be set aside for adaptation costs and alternative means of energy production. Finally, such a plan will overcome the problem of non-participation of countries in agreements like the Kyoto Protocol. As this is a treaty dealing with economics and trade, countries can place taxes on imports of non-participatory countries under …

Freedom Of Transit And The Right Of Access For Land-Locked States: The Evolution Of Principle And Law, A. Mpazi Sinjela

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

The Very Specialized United States Generalized System Of Preferences: An Examination Of Renewal Changes And Analysis Of Their Legal Effect, Gregory C. Dorris

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Developing Countries And Multilateral Trade Agreements: Law And The Promise Of Development, Chantal Thomas

Chantal Thomas

No abstract provided.

The Club Approach To Multilateral Trade Lawmaking, Nicolas Lamp

Nicolas Lamp

The World Trade Organization (WTO) stands at the center of an emerging world of global economic governance. Its rules affect important aspects of all our lives – how much we pay for the products that we purchase, what types of employment are open to us, and which medicines we can access. And yet, while the WTO was conceived as a “negotiating machine” that would develop rules in sync with an increasingly dynamic global economy, negotiations on a new set of global trade rules have now been deadlocked for over a decade. This impasse is all the more surprising in light …

Subsidies And Countervailing Duties In The Gatt, John W. Evans

John Evans

No abstract provided.

Antidumping - Redefinition Of Confidentiality And Right Of Judicial Review - Institution Of A New Form Of Relief: Timex Corporation V. Council And Commission Of The European Communities, Carlton L. Kell

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

International Trade - Free Trade Areas - Agreement On The Establishment Of A Free Trade Area Between The Government Of The United States Of America And The Government Of Israel, Roland J. Behm

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Settlement Of Disputes In Gatt Under The Subsidies Code: Two Panel Reports On E.E.C. Export Subsidies, Massimo Coccia

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

A Proposed Modification Of U.S. Import Relief Measures In The Context Of A U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement: Safeguard, Countervail, And Antidumping, Roland J. Behm

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

“Gatting” The New Climate Treaty Right: Leveraging Energy Subsidies To Promote Multilateralism, Deepa Badrinarayana

Deepa Badrinarayana

International Trade In Services From The Japanese Viewpoint, Masato Dogauchi

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Trade In Telecommunications Services, Jonathan D. Aronson

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.