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Articles 31 - 60 of 77
Full-Text Articles in Law
Problems With The Application Of Norms Governing Interstate Armed Conflict To Non-International Armed Conflict, Waldemar A. Solf
Problems With The Application Of Norms Governing Interstate Armed Conflict To Non-International Armed Conflict, Waldemar A. Solf
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Changing Tide Of Immigration Law: Equality For All?, Laurie M. Cochran
The Changing Tide Of Immigration Law: Equality For All?, Laurie M. Cochran
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Does The European Convention On Human Rights Protect Refugees From "Safe" Countries?, Kathleen M. Whitney
Does The European Convention On Human Rights Protect Refugees From "Safe" Countries?, Kathleen M. Whitney
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
A Comparative Study Of Social And Economic Rights Of Asylum Seekers And Refugees In The United States And The United Kingdom, Bobana Ugarkovic
A Comparative Study Of Social And Economic Rights Of Asylum Seekers And Refugees In The United States And The United Kingdom, Bobana Ugarkovic
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
M.S.S. V. Belgium And Greece (European Court Of Human Rights): The Interplay Between European Union Law And The European Convention On Human Rights In The Post-Lisbon Era, Ton Zuijdwijk
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
Multiple Nationality And Refugees, Jon Bauer
Multiple Nationality And Refugees, Jon Bauer
Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
Persons with more than one nationality ("multiple nationals") who flee persecution in their home country may have compelling reasons to seek asylum elsewhere rather than go to a second country of nationality where they have no ties or face serious hardships. The 1951 U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, however, expressly makes them ineligible for refugee status unless they have a well-founded fear of being persecuted in all their countries of nationality. The U.S. Refugee Act omits this exclusionary language but nonetheless has been read by immigration agencies as if it incorporated the Convention's approach. This Article challenges …
The Syrian Crisis And The Principle Of Non-Refoulement, Mike Sanderson
The Syrian Crisis And The Principle Of Non-Refoulement, Mike Sanderson
International Law Studies
No abstract provided.
An Insurmountable Obstacle: Denying Deference To The Bia’S Social Visibility Requirement, Kathleen Kersh
An Insurmountable Obstacle: Denying Deference To The Bia’S Social Visibility Requirement, Kathleen Kersh
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
In the last fifteen years, the Board of Immigration Appeals has imposed a requirement that persons seeking asylum based on membership in a particular social group must establish that the social group is “socially visible” throughout society. This Comment argues that the social visibility requirement should be denied administrative deference on several grounds. The requirement should be denied Chevron deference because Congress’s intent behind the Refugee Act of 1980 is clear and unambiguous and, alternatively, the requirement is an impermissible interpretation of the statute. The requirement is also arbitrary and capricious under the Administrative Procedures Act. This Comment argues that …
The Opulent Or The Oppressed? Expedited Removal As A Violation Of The American Ideal, Amy Wingfield
The Opulent Or The Oppressed? Expedited Removal As A Violation Of The American Ideal, Amy Wingfield
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Helping The Helpless: The Foreign Policy Strategies Underlying Humanitarian Rhetoric In American Refugee Law And Policy, Ashleigh Reif Kasper
Helping The Helpless: The Foreign Policy Strategies Underlying Humanitarian Rhetoric In American Refugee Law And Policy, Ashleigh Reif Kasper
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Municipal And State Sanctuary Declarations: Innocuous Symbolism Or Improper Dictates?, Jorge L. Carro
Municipal And State Sanctuary Declarations: Innocuous Symbolism Or Improper Dictates?, Jorge L. Carro
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Negotiating Uncertainty In The Right To Asylee Status, Erin Rider
Negotiating Uncertainty In The Right To Asylee Status, Erin Rider
Societies Without Borders
The asylum system regards asylum seekers as actors with privilege and resources, and expects them to present sound cases documenting their rights to asylee status. However, the asylum system fails to consider the lack of autonomy of asylum seekers, as they must manage trauma, lack of resources, new host societies, and the asylum process. Based on interviews (n=14) with asylum seekers, general findings reveal that inherent barriers within the asylum system position asylum seekers into a context of insecurity that undermines their agency and ability to achieve asylee status. The examination of asylum seekers interacting with the United States asylum …
Optimal Asylum, Shalini B. Ray
Optimal Asylum, Shalini B. Ray
Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
The U.S. asylum system is noble but flawed. Scholars have long recognized that asylum is a "scarce" political resource, but U.S. law persists in distributing access to asylum based on an asylum seeker's ability to circumvent migration controls rather than the strength of the asylum seeker's claim for protection. To apply for asylum, an asylum seeker must either arrange to be smuggled into the United States or lie to the consulate while abroad to obtain a nonimmigrant visa. Nonimmigrant visa requirements effectively filter the pool of asylum applicants according to wealth, educational attainment, and intent not to remain in the …
An End To The Violence: Justifying Gender As A "Particular Social Group", Suzanne Sidun
An End To The Violence: Justifying Gender As A "Particular Social Group", Suzanne Sidun
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
Discretionary (In)Justice: The Exercise Of Discretion In Claims For Asylum, Kate Aschenbrenner
Discretionary (In)Justice: The Exercise Of Discretion In Claims For Asylum, Kate Aschenbrenner
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Section 208(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act provides that asylum may be granted to an applicant who meets the definition of a refugee-that is, someone who has been persecuted or has a well-founded fear of future persecution in her own country on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. Asylum is a discretionary form of relief which means that the United States government is not required to grant asylum to every refugee within the United States but instead may decide whether or not to do so. This Article sets out in Part …
We Don't Need To See Them Cry: Eliminating The Subjective Apprehension Element Of The Well-Founded Fear Analysis For Child Refugee Applicants, Bridgette A. Carr
We Don't Need To See Them Cry: Eliminating The Subjective Apprehension Element Of The Well-Founded Fear Analysis For Child Refugee Applicants, Bridgette A. Carr
Pepperdine Law Review
This article addresses a barrier to effective protection faced by child refugee applicants. Currently all refugee applicants, including infants, are required to satisfy two elements of well-founded fear. All applicants must prove that they face an objective risk of persecution and that they subjectively fear this risk. But children often cannot exhibit the subject apprehension element of the test. As a result, UNHCR, and the U.S and Canadian governments issued guidelines that encourage decision makers to accept other evidence to prove a child's subjective apprehension when the child is unable to exhibit fear. However, this approach does not go far …
Balancing National Security And International Responsibility: The Immigration System’S Legal Duty To Asylees Fleeing Gang Violence In Central America, Margot Kniffin
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class
No abstract provided.
Spaces Of Freedom For Citizens And Asylees In The Eu And U.S., Francis J. Conte
Spaces Of Freedom For Citizens And Asylees In The Eu And U.S., Francis J. Conte
University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review
No abstract provided.
Welcoming Women: Recent Changes In U.S. Asylum Law, Jillian Blake
Welcoming Women: Recent Changes In U.S. Asylum Law, Jillian Blake
Michigan Law Review First Impressions
The Statue of Liberty, which has been called the "Mother of Exiles," stands as a reminder of one of the foundational ideals of U.S. immigration policy-providing refuge to the vulnerable. Women worldwide have new reason to believe in this promise, because victims of domestic violence may now have a better chance of being granted asylum in a U.S. immigration court.
Left Out In The Cold: Trafficking Victims, Gender, And Misinterpretation Of The Refugee Convention's "Nexus" Requirement, Martina Pomeroy
Left Out In The Cold: Trafficking Victims, Gender, And Misinterpretation Of The Refugee Convention's "Nexus" Requirement, Martina Pomeroy
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
Victims of human trafficking who seek international protection in their country of destination face a steep uphill battle. Special visa programs designed to regularize their status are often riddled with conditions that make them inaccessible to all but a very few victims. Despite widespread international agreement that the manifold harms inflicted upon the majority of trafficked persons generally rise to the level of persecution, and therefore that victims should be eligible to apply for asylum, many national courts misinterpret international refugee law standards and routinely deny refugee status to deserving applicants. Courts often refuse to recognize persecution on the basis …
Revisiting Germany's Residenzpflicht In Light Of Modern E.U. Asylum Law, Paul Mcdonough
Revisiting Germany's Residenzpflicht In Light Of Modern E.U. Asylum Law, Paul Mcdonough
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Note explores whether the E.C. treaties, nonetheless, provide the European Court of Justice (ECJ) sufficient competence to use the Reception Directive as a vehicle to assess the Residenzpflicht in relation to the Refugee Convention. It concludes that, through the Residenzpflicht, Germany denies refugees lawfully present their Convention right to free movement within its territory, and that the ECJ can order the restoration of this right.
Protection Elsewhere: The Legal Implications Of Requiring Refugees To Seek Protection In Another State, Michelle Foster
Protection Elsewhere: The Legal Implications Of Requiring Refugees To Seek Protection In Another State, Michelle Foster
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Article first questions the legitimacy of protection elsewhere practices. It then considers the circumstances in which the transfer of refugees might take place. It should be emphasized that the Michigan Guidelines set out the minimum requirements and constraints imposed by international law when a state wishes to implement a protection elsewhere policy. In addition, in some instances the Michigan Guidelines engage in "progressive development" of the law by suggesting safeguards that, while not strictly required by international law, should be respected in order to ensure the implementation of such policies in a way that protects and ensures the rights …
U.S. Asylum Law Out Of Sync With International Obligations: Real Id Act, Victor P. White
U.S. Asylum Law Out Of Sync With International Obligations: Real Id Act, Victor P. White
San Diego International Law Journal
Focusing on defensive asylum applications, this Comment examines whether certain provisions of REAL ID violate due process and international obligations to asylum seekers. Part I situates REAL ID within the historical context of nearly a decade of restrictive U.S. immigration law and over two decades of Executive Orders aimed at deterring a mass exodus of asylum seekers from reaching U.S. shores. Part II provides an overview of the U.S. asylum system and argues that the system produces inconsistent and sometimes arbitrary results, indicating that segments of the system do not satisfy international obligations. Part III outlines three provisions of REAL …
More Than Mere Semantics: The Case For An Expansive Definition Of Persecution In Sexual Minority Asylum Claims, Monica Saxena
More Than Mere Semantics: The Case For An Expansive Definition Of Persecution In Sexual Minority Asylum Claims, Monica Saxena
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
This Article asserts that the requirement in U.S. asylum law that requires an asylee to make a showing of persecutory intent is overly and especially restrictive in claims made by sexual minorities. This Article proposes that the U.S. adopt the asylum standards of New Zealand and Canada, where the focus is on the failure of government protection as opposed to a focus on persecutory intent. Such standards are consistent with both the realities of persecution that sexual minorities encounter and the original impetus behind the Refugee Convention. Part I examines the different forms of persecution against sexual minorities. Part II …
Refugee Protection In International Law: Unhcr's Global Consultations On International Protection, Taylor H. Garrett
Refugee Protection In International Law: Unhcr's Global Consultations On International Protection, Taylor H. Garrett
Michigan Journal of International Law
Review of Refugee Protection in International Law: UNHCR's Global Consultations on International Protection (Erika Feller, Volker Türk & Frances Nicholson eds.)
Asylum, Social Group Membership And The Non-State Actor: The Challenge Of Domestic Violence, Michael G. Heyman
Asylum, Social Group Membership And The Non-State Actor: The Challenge Of Domestic Violence, Michael G. Heyman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Article argues that the current approaches to asylum claims based on "social group" membership under the U.N. convention Relation to the Status of Refugees are deeply flawed. The Refugee Convention confers asylum on persons persecuted for their membership in a particular social group. Courts have struggled with the boundaries of the social group definition, and there appears to be no coherent way to reconcile all of the court decisions on what groups qualify as social groups under the Refugee Convention.
This Article suggests that courts adopt a consistent definition of what constitutes a social group. The definition proposed in …
An Enduring Fear: Recent Limitations On The Past Persecution Ground For Asylum, Susannah C. Vance
An Enduring Fear: Recent Limitations On The Past Persecution Ground For Asylum, Susannah C. Vance
Kentucky Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The Latest Chapter In The Saga Of A Spiritless Law: Detaining Haitian Asylum Seekers As A Violation Of The Spirit And The Letter Of International Law, Michael Rowan
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class
No abstract provided.
Repairing The Legacy Of Ins V. Elias-Zacarias, Shayna S. Cook
Repairing The Legacy Of Ins V. Elias-Zacarias, Shayna S. Cook
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Article examines the evolution of the nexus requirement in United States refugee law since the Elias-Zacarias decision. Part I discusses the Supreme Court's decision in Elias-Zacarias, identifying the choices the Court made among the arguments presented before it that resulted in the motive-oriented approach to nexus. This Part also delves into the Court's statement about the evidence required to demonstrate motive, concluding that the Court's treatment of the evidence before it foreshadows the confusion lower courts have demonstrated in evaluating evidence of motive. Part II looks at appellate decisions on the nexus issue since 1992, highlighting cases that …
Causation In Context: Interpreting The Nexus Clause In The Refugee Convention, Michelle Foster
Causation In Context: Interpreting The Nexus Clause In The Refugee Convention, Michelle Foster
Michigan Journal of International Law
The aim of this Article is to explore current approaches to identifying and applying the causation test inherent in the "for reasons of" clause and to attempt to devise a sui generis test appropriate to the unique aims and objects of the Convention. Part I begins by reviewing both the principles governing the causation analysis and their methods of application in different jurisdictions. Part II then proceeds to review the considerations that might inform the development of a causation standard in refugee law, including guidance that might be obtained from other areas of law, against the background of the need …