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Articles 241 - 269 of 269
Full-Text Articles in Law
Beyond The Theory Of Imperialism: Global Capitalism And The Transnational State, Robinson
Beyond The Theory Of Imperialism: Global Capitalism And The Transnational State, Robinson
Societies Without Borders
Theories of a "new imperialism" assume that world capitalism in the 21st century is still made up of "domestic capitals" and that distinct national economies and world political dynamics are driven by US e orts to o set the decline in hegemony amidst heightened inter-imperialist rivalry. These theories ignore empirical evidence on the transnationalization of capital and the increasingly salient role of transnational state apparatuses in imposing capitalist domination beyond the logic of the inter-state system. I argue here that US interventionism is not a departure from capitalist globalization but a response to its crisis. The class relations of global …
Sociology As Documenting Dystopia: Imagining A Sociology Without Borders - A Critical Dialogue, Brunsma, Dave Overfelt
Sociology As Documenting Dystopia: Imagining A Sociology Without Borders - A Critical Dialogue, Brunsma, Dave Overfelt
Societies Without Borders
This is a dialogue between a teacher-student and a student-teacher in the discipline of sociology. Critical questions about the state of sociology are pursued in the context of a hegemonic American sociological enterprise. American sociology has become content with continuing to document dystopia, with exploiting those who struggle under societies' structural weight, leading to a discipline whose work reproduces the very structures of domination we study. Through this Freirean dialogue, we ponder epistemologies and pedagogies of justice, liberation, and humanity. We hope this critical dialogue will help spark more conversation towards imagining a sociology without borders - away from the …
The Bumpy Road From Accra To Addis Ababa: Recollections Of An Observer/Participant, Selassie
The Bumpy Road From Accra To Addis Ababa: Recollections Of An Observer/Participant, Selassie
Societies Without Borders
This article tells the story of the creation of the first pan-African organization - the Organization of African Unity (OAU) - and of some of the most crucial political events of postcolonial African a airs that preceded its establishment, notably the All-African Peoples Conference (AAPC) convened by Ghana's first President Dr. Kwame Nkrumah. Taking the form of an account of an observer-cum-participant of some momentous events in modern African history (such as the AAPC and OAU), it gives a sense of the passionate commitment to African freedom and dignity as well as the desire, on the part of some African …
Information Work And The Proletarian Condition Today: The Perception Of Brazilian Call Center Operators, Braga
Societies Without Borders
The increase in company outsourcing over the last two decades has led to the development of a new type of worker on the margins of the productive system: the Call Center operator. Responsible for a wide range of information services, the rapid expansion in call centers has stirred the interest of a number of researchers in different areas of knowledge. Analyzing the work of the call center operator, the article looks to deepen our comprehension of the sea-change currently affecting today's working class. In contrast to what many forecasted some 15 years ago, the information revolution has failed to dissolve …
Balkan Societies Of "Social Men": Transcending Gender Boundaries, Tarifa
Balkan Societies Of "Social Men": Transcending Gender Boundaries, Tarifa
Societies Without Borders
As transgender identities worldwide have begun to receive attention from students of gender and sexuality, a curious Balkan (but more specifically Albanian) tradition of female-to-male transgender ("sworn virgins") surviving to the present day - an obscure and ambiguous theme until recently - is worthy of sociological attention. The "sworn virgin" phenomenon is studied in a larger, ethno-cultural context, zipping through such complicated - and sociologically contentious - notions as patriarchy, blood-feud, destructive entitlement, etc. It is argued that the "sworn virgins" of the Balkans were forced to become "social men," assuming masculine social and family roles, due to specific economic …
Extraordinary Rendition, The Canadian Edition: National Security And Challenges To The Global Ban On Torture, Neve
Societies Without Borders
Since the September 11th terrorist attacks in the United States, concerns that counter-terrorism laws and practices are directly and indirectly causing human rights violations have mounted. Much of the international focus has been on the United States. This paper highlights, however, that it is a debate with a truly global dimension. The author examines particular concerns that Canadian law enforcement and security agencies may have been complicit in the imprisonment and torture abroad of Canadian citizens who were of interest in the context of national security investigations. The cases are situated in the wider debate about torture that has emerged …
The Us-Un Relationship And The Promotion Of Democratic Nation-Building, Pubantz
The Us-Un Relationship And The Promotion Of Democratic Nation-Building, Pubantz
Societies Without Borders
Since 1990, both the United Nations and the United States have promoted democratic nation-building in conflict areas. However, despite the common goal of creating stable democracies, the two entities have often worked at cross purposes. Following the 1993 debacle in Somalia, the United States largely deserted UN nation-building efforts and moved toward unilateral democracy promotion. Over the next decade US efforts were directed at establishing Lockean procedural democracies, defined largely in terms of civil and political institutions. In UN parlance, however, democracy has taken on a holistic meaning that provides for the inclusion of social, economic, and cultural factors. This …
"If That Is Heaven, We Would Rather Go To Hell": Contextualizing Us-Cuba Relations, Rumbaut, Rubén G. Rumbaut
"If That Is Heaven, We Would Rather Go To Hell": Contextualizing Us-Cuba Relations, Rumbaut, Rubén G. Rumbaut
Societies Without Borders
The history of Cuba is one of conquest and rebellion. Since the arrival of Columbus, it has had two colonial masters: Spain and the United States. Spain, after the collapse of its empire, ceased to be a threat to the peoples of America. Now, the Spanish are among the principal investors in Cuba, and make up a high percentage of tourists to the island. The United States, engaged in empire-building as sole superpower and continuing to pursue a half-century-old policy of regime change in Cuba, is still seen by the Cubans as the greatest threat to their independence and sovereignty. …
Knowledge As A Global Public Good: The Role And Importance Of Open Access, Verschraegen, Michael Schiltz
Knowledge As A Global Public Good: The Role And Importance Of Open Access, Verschraegen, Michael Schiltz
Societies Without Borders
This paper argues that knowledge should be considered as a global public good first and as a private right second. The argument is underpinned by the claim that the growing movements for source-, data-, and knowledge-sharing (Open Access, Open Source, Open Courseware, etc.) have enhanced our ability to facilitate the global production and dissemination of 'knowledge', so that more people in the world can enjoy its benefits. In contrast with the existing intellectual property regime - which does not succeed in balancing the public and private gains of knowledge - these movements and their corollary technologies have improved peoples' access …
Globalization And Politics Of Transformation In Africa: Nepad And Pitfalls Of Transnational Elite Developmental Projects, Sahle
Societies Without Borders
This article examines the New Partnership for Africa's Development initiative launched in 2001. The article discusses the political and economic conjuncture that resulted in the adoption of this initiative. In the main, the analysis demonstrates the ways in which the initiative dovetails well with the global neo-liberal project and, consequently, contests the claims by African ruling elites and their counter-parts in the global North that it represents a transformative framework for economic and political change for national social formations in Africa.
"Buying Sex Is Not A Sport" - A Campaign Against Trafficking In Women, Danna
"Buying Sex Is Not A Sport" - A Campaign Against Trafficking In Women, Danna
Societies Without Borders
In this article I present the use of the broad concept of trafficking in the "Buying Sex Is Not a Sport" campaign, launched by the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW) against German regulation of prostitution configuring prostitution as sex work. I trace the development of this 2006 campaign in which conservative and social-democratic parties, churches and anti-globalization organizations joined together at the international level. Finally, I trace the ideological and political reasons for the convergence of left-wing and right-wing forces, along with the analysis of some leftist theoretical texts on prostitution.
If We Build It They Will Come: Human Rights Violations And The Prison Industrial Complex, Smith, Angela Hattery
If We Build It They Will Come: Human Rights Violations And The Prison Industrial Complex, Smith, Angela Hattery
Societies Without Borders
This paper utilizes the concept of the Prison Industrial Complex (PIC) in order to examine the complex configuration comprised of the US prison system, multi-national corporations, small private businesses and the inmate population in the social and political economy of the 21st century US. Utilizing data on the PIC we pose the question: What is the purpose of prison, the rehabilitation of the inmates or the exploitation of prison labor? Specifically we argue, using Wright's neo-Marxist theory, that the current system of incarceration in the US mimics the exploitation characteristic of the slave plantation economy of the southern US, ripe …
Book Review Of The Witnesses: War Crimes And The Promise Of Justice In The Hague, Aspel
Book Review Of The Witnesses: War Crimes And The Promise Of Justice In The Hague, Aspel
Societies Without Borders
The article reviews the book "The Witnesses: War Crimes and the Promise of Justice in The Hague," by Eric Stover .
Book Review Of Challenging Authority, Klayman
Book Review Of Challenging Authority, Klayman
Societies Without Borders
The article reviews the book "Challenging Authority," by Frances Fox Piven.
Book Review Of Public Sociologies Reader, Klayman
Book Review Of Public Sociologies Reader, Klayman
Societies Without Borders
The article reviews the book "Public Sociologies Reader," edited by Judith R. Blau and Keri E. Iyall Smith.
Who Is Afraid Of T. H. Marshall? Or, What Are The Limits Of The Liberal Vision Of Rights?, Murray
Who Is Afraid Of T. H. Marshall? Or, What Are The Limits Of The Liberal Vision Of Rights?, Murray
Societies Without Borders
The liberal construction of the citizen is a man (sic) empowered with reciprocal rights to the nation state, which will maintain his dignity by providing work and welfare if he can prove need. The challenge for the new century is to find out whether we still can live in a finely balanced world of citizen/civil society state and capital from which these rights will flow. We need to understand why many of the rights died and subsequently to be able to redefine what it means to be a citizen; by taking into account the unequally weighted power relations that favor …
Viewing The Wreckage: Eco-Disaster Tourism In The Wake Of Katrina, Gould, Tammy L. Lewis
Viewing The Wreckage: Eco-Disaster Tourism In The Wake Of Katrina, Gould, Tammy L. Lewis
Societies Without Borders
Before hurricane Katrina, "cultural tourism" was Louisiana's second largest industry. Tourism agencies are now imploring potential tourists to visit New Orleans for "An eyewitness account of the events surrounding the worst natural disaster on American soil!" Economic need is driving tour agencies to construct 'eco-disaster tourism,' and the construction includes explicit causes of blame. Who is defining the new tourism? How is the controversy surrounding causation being negotiated in eco-disaster tour narratives? e main finding is that the big players in the tourism industry, namely Gray Line Tours, have maneuvered into a powerful position to rewrite the tourism narrative by …
Principles For Organic Public Sociology: Reflections On Publicly Engaged Research In The San Francisco Homeless Policy Field, Noy
Societies Without Borders
Interest in "public sociology" in the United States is a positive sign for researchers who seek to span the borders between academia and social change. However, it is important not to assume that just because sociological research is publicly oriented it will automatically advance human rights, justice, and ecological sustainability. Sociologists must critically consider principles for conducting public sociology if their work is to have a libratory outcome. This is particularly crucial when academic researchers attempt to directly work with marginalized social groups. In this article, I draw upon my experiences conducting a project of public sociology on local homeless …
Without Borders: Just One Border For Human Rights, Tayefi
Without Borders: Just One Border For Human Rights, Tayefi
Societies Without Borders
The author talks about the role of sociologists in defending human rights and promoting social security around the world. He said that those transnational forces such as lawyers, artists, librarians and writers are reflective movements to crash or break the monopolistic invasion of the masters of globalization. He claims that sociologists are hand in hand with other social activists to defend academic freedom and freedom of all people.
Book Review Of Vulnerability And Human Rights, Gran
Book Review Of Vulnerability And Human Rights, Gran
Societies Without Borders
The article reviews the book "Vulnerability and Human Rights," by Bryan S. Turner.
Children As Victims Of Structural Violence, Kent
Children As Victims Of Structural Violence, Kent
Societies Without Borders
Structural violence is harm imposed by some people on others indirectly, through the social system, as they pursue their own preferences. Its effects are clear in the massive mortality of children. More than ten million children die before their fifth birthdays every single year. For most children, the immediate cause of death is a combination of malnutrition and ordinary diseases such as diarrhea, malaria, and measles. Given adequate resources, such diseases are readily managed. The limited allocation of resources to meeting children's needs is due more to the ways in which available resources are used than to the absolute shortage …
From Scientists To Merchants: The Transformation Of The Pharmaceutical Industry And Its Impact On Health, Ugalde, Núria Homedes
From Scientists To Merchants: The Transformation Of The Pharmaceutical Industry And Its Impact On Health, Ugalde, Núria Homedes
Societies Without Borders
The number of innovative drugs reaching the market has decreased steadily during the last several years to a handful per year. At the same time, the amount of resources allocated by the pharmaceutical industries to promotion and marketing has increased at a faster pace than those allocated to research and development of new products. The paper presents the hypothesis that for the large corporations, the production of me-too drugs is more profitable than to invest in research and development of innovative products. Gaining a market share of me-too drugs requires large investments in promotion and marketing, one result of which …
Towards A Simple Typology Of Racial Hegemony, Coates
Towards A Simple Typology Of Racial Hegemony, Coates
Societies Without Borders
Racial Hegemony, a concept developed by Omi and Winant, provides a critical tool for evaluating the modern racial state. This paper explores this tool and offers some enhancements. These enhancements, recognizing that one size does not fit all, identify different hegemonic types associated with different racial states. Implications are drawn which suggests that our efforts toward evaluating, transforming, and/or eliminating racial hegemonies are best accomplished by understanding the variations of racial hegemonies.
Human Rights Dialogues, Sahle, Ollen Mwalubunju
Human Rights Dialogues, Sahle, Ollen Mwalubunju
Societies Without Borders
In this conversation Ollen Mwalubunju discusses the politics of exile, the rise of Malawi's popular movement in the early 1990s and its legacies. Further, Mwalubunju discusses at length the struggle by civil society groups to deepen the democratic space that has emerged since the demise of the postcolonial authoritarian regime in 1994. Finally, Mwalubunju reflects on the tensions and complexity of his work as a social activist and the difficulties of promoting the respect and protection of human rights in the current global political and economic conjuncture. This conversation took place in January 2006.
An American Dilemma Of The 21st Century?, Wallerstein
An American Dilemma Of The 21st Century?, Wallerstein
Societies Without Borders
In 1941, Henry Luce proclaimed the twentieth century the American Century. And in 1944, Gunnar Myrdal wrote of the American dilemma, the discrepancy between its values and the actual treatment of Black Americans. In the post-1945 period, the need of a hegemonic United States to project a positive world image led to major improvements in the position of Black Americans – an improvement however primarily for educated elites and much less for the Black working-class strata. In the period since 1970, U.S. power has been on the decline, which has caused increased internal tensions in the U.S. This intersects with …
Empowering "Foreign Brides" And Community Through Praxis-Oriented Research, Hsia
Empowering "Foreign Brides" And Community Through Praxis-Oriented Research, Hsia
Societies Without Borders
Through the author's direct participation in the empowerment of the "foreign brides" and in a rural community, which are both stigmatized in the mainstream Taiwan society, this paper discusses the theories and methods of praxis-oriented research, and its implication to social studies. This paper illustrates how the concepts and techniques of the "theater of the oppressed" can be combined with "pedagogy of the oppressed" to break through the "culture of silence" of the oppressed, develop their critical awareness, and help the women organize themselves for social transformation. It is proposed that praxis-oriented research can achieve more sophisticated research results, because …
Human Rights And The Roles Of Social Scientists, Moncada, Judith Blau
Human Rights And The Roles Of Social Scientists, Moncada, Judith Blau
Societies Without Borders
Human rights entail an expansive conception of humans that stresses their inherent equalities, their responsibilities in democratic societies, and their rights as individuals and group members. This paper refers to the "human rights revolution," especially how it is evident in constitutions, and the relationship between human rights and public goods. Also sketched out are some of the ways that social scientists can promote human rights.
Global Sociology And The Nature Of Rights, Turner
Global Sociology And The Nature Of Rights, Turner
Societies Without Borders
Citizenship is fundamentally a western political and legal concept; it is also a concept relevant specifically to a national polity. By contrast human rights have been, since their formal proclamation in 1948, promoted as universal rights. The relationship between the social rights of national citizenship and the human rights of the Declaration provides a useful case study in which to discover whether sociology can provide concepts and theories that function across conceptual boundaries and territorial borders. Furthermore, human rights discourse may prove to be the primary candidate for sociology to operate as an effective discourse of global social reality. However, …
American Politics On The Edge, Aronowitz
American Politics On The Edge, Aronowitz
Societies Without Borders
Currently there are two major strategies attempting to thwart the rightward lurch of United States politics: liberals and leftists who place faith in their ability to push the Democratic party away from its current center-right orientation; and the new social movements which, disdaining electoral politics and party organization have elevated the concept of "protest and resistance" to the level of a principle and social strategy. This article argues that we desperately need a discussion about the possibility and justification for the formation of a new radical party which combines the best of the electoral and extra electoral experiences of progressive …