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Articles 91 - 111 of 111
Full-Text Articles in Law
Intoxication And Opinion Evidence, John E. Martindale
Intoxication And Opinion Evidence, John E. Martindale
Cleveland State Law Review
It must be said at the outset that there are many problems in connection with the rules of evidence which an article as short as this one cannot hope to touch upon. Among these is the relevance of intoxication to particular issues. It must be assumed that the evidence sought to be introduced is material and relevant. With this assumption we will consider three areas of intoxication evidence: lay opinion, expert opinion and hospital records. These are the three main areas involving the introduction of an opinion as to intoxicated condition.
Legal By-Products Of Chemical Testing For Intoxication, M. C. Slough, Paul E. Wilson
Legal By-Products Of Chemical Testing For Intoxication, M. C. Slough, Paul E. Wilson
Cleveland State Law Review
One among many problems of national moment is the intoxicated motorist. Legislators have long fumbled for remedies to halt a wave of senseless killing and mutilation that has resulted from an unhappy combination of ethyl alcohol and mechanical power. Convictions in court have been too difficult to halt a wave of senseless killing and mutilation that has reconstructive and effective legal control. Jurors themselves, have often been hesitant to convict because the sum total of objective evidence produced has not convinced them that the subjects they were judging had actually been drunk or intoxicated.
Intoxication And Opinion Evidence, John E. Martindale
Intoxication And Opinion Evidence, John E. Martindale
Cleveland State Law Review
It must be said at the outset that there are many problems in connection with the rules of evidence which an article as short as this one cannot hope to touch upon. Among these is the relevance of intoxication to particular issues. It must be assumed that the evidence sought to be introduced is material and relevant. With this assumption we will consider three areas of intoxication evidence: lay opinion, expert opinion and hospital records. These are the three main areas involving the introduction of an opinion as to intoxicated condition.
Scientific Investigation Of Intoxication, Bernard J. Conley
Scientific Investigation Of Intoxication, Bernard J. Conley
Cleveland State Law Review
The thirty years in which chemical testing for intoxication has had its inception and development has coincided with the thirty years in which the protection of the rights of the accused has almost obliterated the rights of our society to protect itself from persons bent on mischief. Despite this trend the courts have seen fit to encourage the advancement of the presentation of scientific evidence to enable the courts, both civil and criminal,to arrive at intelligent and just decisions. Scientific evidence,qualified by the ability and integrity of the expert, is the result of intelligent, systematized and skillful experimentation and research …
Autopsy Evidence, Garcon Weiss
Autopsy Evidence, Garcon Weiss
Cleveland State Law Review
Frequently death results in legal problems, either civil or criminal, the solutions of which depend on the cause of death. The autopsy (necropsy), or post-mortem examination, is the scientific method of determining the cause of death. An autopsy is the careful inspection of the external and internal structures of the body. There are two types of autopsy, the medical autopsy and the medico-legal autopsy. This article is limited to the use of the autopsy for medico-legal purposes, i.e., for obtaining and submitting evidence.
Exhibition Of Person In Personal Injury Cases, Dennis M. Burgoon
Exhibition Of Person In Personal Injury Cases, Dennis M. Burgoon
Cleveland State Law Review
It is to be admitted that the proof of injury, which is directed to the senses, is a most convincing means of proof, and is the best evidence of a material fact, but it is not the fact that such exhibition is material that comes into dispute when such an exhibition is sought to be admitted, rather it is the claimed prejudicial effect of such exhibition, or the possibility that it might be indecent that raises the objection to this form of evidence.
Evidence Problems In Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings, Ronald J. Harpst
Evidence Problems In Juvenile Delinquency Proceedings, Ronald J. Harpst
Cleveland State Law Review
Some of the most perplexing problems facing the attorney defending a child charged with a delinquency have their inception in misunderstandings, lack of uniformity and loose application of evidential rules. In order to serve the best interests of the children who are before it, and to obtain necessary facts with which to formulate a rehabilitation plan, the courts have a tendency to waive strict adherence to evidence rules. The methodical attorney wonders how the court can serve the best interests of the child and yet seemingly not afford to the child the equal protection of its laws of evidence.
Experimental Evidence, Donald L. Guarnieri
Experimental Evidence, Donald L. Guarnieri
Cleveland State Law Review
The purpose of this article is to explain the concepts basic to the admissibility of experimental evidence in civil jury cases. The article will examine the prerequisites to the admissibility of experimental evidence, will give illustrations of various experiments, and will comment on the trend of court decisions since the latter part of the nineteenth century. The article deals primarily with experiments conducted outside of the court room as opposed to experiments conducted in the courtroom in the presence of a jury.
Judicial Note And Indisputables, Ralph Slovenko
Judicial Note And Indisputables, Ralph Slovenko
Cleveland State Law Review
Under the adversary system of trying cases, the litigant and not the trier is responsible for gathering and presenting the evidence. However, under the doctrine of judicial notice, the tribunal accepts the existence of certain evidence without the necessity of a party offering formal proof.
Two Suggested Reforms In Ohio's Discovery Procedure, Frank Seth Hurd
Two Suggested Reforms In Ohio's Discovery Procedure, Frank Seth Hurd
Cleveland State Law Review
Attorney's will agree that an injustice occurs whenever one party prevails in a court of law and another's rights are defeated but for knowledge of the relevant facts. Further, most will agree that some such injustice is inevitable in any judicial system, all such systems being subject to some degree of error. No one can deny the professional responsibility of all attorneys to work actively toward the reduction of such error. As numerous commentators have pointed out, injustice may also result from delay. It is equally the responsibility of the Bar to work toward the alleviation of that source of …
Illegally Obtained Evidence, Norman B. Miller
Illegally Obtained Evidence, Norman B. Miller
Cleveland State Law Review
In this case the Supreme Court of the United States in a five to three decision revised its earlier thinking on the problem of evidence illegally obtained by State police officers in a State criminal case and held that evidence obtained through an illegal search and seizure is inadmissible in a state criminal trial even though the illegal means was used by other than Federal law enforcement officers. The author's original reaction to the decision was one of regret in that the court had decided this case when the precise issue on which it turned had been neither adequately argued …
Evidence In Cuyahoga County Juvenile Court, Elaine J. Columbro
Evidence In Cuyahoga County Juvenile Court, Elaine J. Columbro
Cleveland State Law Review
Most persons are aware that Juvenile Court proceedings are informal in character. The accused often appears without counsel, and often admits to participation in the violation. In spite of this, however, the Court must still operate on well laid principles of law. The Court must adhere to rules of evidence applicable to the type of case being heard, and the allegations must be proved. The Court handles various types of cases and therefore much confusion arises over what rules of evidence are applicable in each instance.
Journalist's Testimonial Privilege, Ramutis R. Semeta
Journalist's Testimonial Privilege, Ramutis R. Semeta
Cleveland State Law Review
On numerous occasions, newsmen have pleaded for protection against testimonial compulsion as a necessary safeguard for the preservation of the freedom of the press. Due to this constant assertion, one is compelled to take a brief look at the press, before indulging in the specific study of the journalist's testimonial privilege.
Sound Recording Devices Used As Evidence, Peter P. Roper
Sound Recording Devices Used As Evidence, Peter P. Roper
Cleveland State Law Review
Recordings have been offered in evidence in a wide variety of cases, including an attempted bribery of a draft board official, treasonous radio broadcasts, conspiracy to obstruct justice in a federal narcotics case, illegal short-wave radio transmissions aiding the illegal entry of Mexican nationals, disturbance to a motel by barking dogs in an adjoining pet hospital, and noises made by trains, planes, and a cement factory. Use by attorneys is virtually limitless, including the recording of discussions with clients, of library research, of depositions, and of wills.
Medical Evidence And Testimony, Robert V. Lamppert
Medical Evidence And Testimony, Robert V. Lamppert
Cleveland State Law Review
It is the purpose of this article to explain the various ways in which medicine becomes involved in the law and to point out the problems and difficulties involved. Since this article is written for both medical doctors and attorneys, the detailed explanations and terminology of each profession will necessarily be kept at a basic level. It is hoped that a forthright demonstration of the basic factors involved, along with an attempt to explain the problems complicating the points of controversy and misunderstanding, will help somewhat in creating a better understanding between the two professions and enable them to better …
Physician-Patient Privilege In Ohio, Naoma Lee Stewart
Physician-Patient Privilege In Ohio, Naoma Lee Stewart
Cleveland State Law Review
Throughout its history the physician-patient privilege has been the subject of controversial discussion, and in recent years these discussions have been dominated by voices of bitter disapproval and severe criticism. Judges, lawyers, textwriters, and teachers have denounced the privilege by characterizing it as everything from a "monumental hoax" to a "clever legerdemain loaned by the law to the parties to suppress the truth." Critics maintain that in the majority of reported cases the patient invoked the privilege, not to protect his privacy or to prevent the disclosure of humiliating personal facts (supposedly the purpose for the creation of the privilege), …
Husband-Wife Privileged Communications Summarized, Donald L. Guarnieri
Husband-Wife Privileged Communications Summarized, Donald L. Guarnieri
Cleveland State Law Review
Courts and legislatures of the United States generally view communications between husband and wife as privileged against court-room disclosure. The protection which the courts, legislatures and text writers' have favored seems to stem from the basic premise "that the privilege against court-room disclosure is needed for the encouragement of marital confidences, which confidences in turn promote harmony between husband and wife." Affection and understanding between husband and wife seem far more important for marital harmony than confidence based on a legal rule of evidence.
Hospital Records As Evidence, Robert B. Dunsmore
Hospital Records As Evidence, Robert B. Dunsmore
Cleveland State Law Review
Court decisions are not in harmony as to the admissibility of hospital charts and records as evidence in a court of law. At common law they are not recognized as valid evidence. In the absence of a statute requiring hospitals to keep clinical charts or records, many courts adopt the view that such a chart or record is admissible as evidence only under some exception to the Hearsay Rule and after a proper foundation has been laid for bringing the case within the particular exception. If such a foundation is laid, a hospital chart or record is, according to the …
Book Review, Lee E. Skeel
Book Review, Lee E. Skeel
Cleveland State Law Review
Reviewing Joy Seth Hurd and Bert H. Long, Ohio Trial Evidence, W.H. Anderson Co., 1957
Forensic Psychiatry And The Witness - A Survey, Jewel Hammond Mack
Forensic Psychiatry And The Witness - A Survey, Jewel Hammond Mack
Cleveland State Law Review
It has been recommended that a course in Forensic Psychiatry be included in the law school curriculum. The gap between law and psychiatry-two fields closely related in many ways, certainly should be narrowed. One of the main "causes of potential justice accidents is the fallibility inherent in testimonial evidence." The effectiveness of a witness' oral testimony depends upon four factors: (1) intelligent observation of the event; (2) clear memory; (3) freedom from any compulsions to color or ignore the truth; and (4) ability to give a vivid description.
Causation: A Medico-Legal Battlefield, Albert Averbach
Causation: A Medico-Legal Battlefield, Albert Averbach
Cleveland State Law Review
In the court room, the trial lawyer strives to introduce medical testimony as to the cause of a condition or disease. Resort in many instances is made, through a hypothetical question to a non-attending physician, as to whether or not the accident described was a competent cause of a later-described or assumed condition, or "might," "could, "would," or "was" competent to have caused it. A great conflict exists in the various states as to the permissible range of inquiry in such cases, depending upon the particular jurisdiction's interpretation of the requirement that medical opinions must be reasonably certain or reasonably …