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Articles 271 - 300 of 315
Full-Text Articles in Law
Separation V. Patriotism: Expelling The Pledge From School., Bill W. Sanford Jr.
Separation V. Patriotism: Expelling The Pledge From School., Bill W. Sanford Jr.
St. Mary's Law Journal
Abstract Forthcoming.
It Is Not So Simply Because An Expert Says It Is So: The Reliability Of Gang Expert Testimony Regarding Membership In Criminal Street Gangs: Pushing The Limits Of Texas Rule Of Evidence 702., Placido G. Gomez
St. Mary's Law Journal
The mechanisms developed by the criminal justice system addressing the criminal activities of street gangs, for the most part, have proved ineffective. The evolution of gangs, their complex structure, and multipurpose focus keep them one step ahead of law enforcement. The most recent weapon created to fight the war on gangs, the civil injunction, suffers from numerous inadequacies. One concern is that civil injunctions raise numerous constitutional concerns. Another is that these injunctions fall short of constitutional demands. Furthermore, the practical implementation of the injunction forces an analysis of the reliability of the gang expert’s testimony. This Article proposes courts …
Rethinking The Prohibition Of Death Row Prisoners As Organ Donors: A Possible Lifeline To Those On Organ Donor Waiting Lists., Donny J. Perales
Rethinking The Prohibition Of Death Row Prisoners As Organ Donors: A Possible Lifeline To Those On Organ Donor Waiting Lists., Donny J. Perales
St. Mary's Law Journal
Organ transplantation continually brings hope and new life to thousands of patients suffering from a myriad of diseases. Despite the advances in medical science and the increased survival rates of organ recipients, many are unable to receive an organ transplant because the demand for organs drastically exceeds the available supply. Much of the organ deficit lies in the current system of organ procurement. The altruism-based organ system leaves the donative decision to the individual; however, it is this system which hinders effective organ procurement. Under this system, the donor must give prior consent before a doctor can remove any organ. …
Absolute And Perfect Candor To Clients The Second Annual Symposium On Legal Malpractice & Professional Responsibility., Vincent R. Johnson
Absolute And Perfect Candor To Clients The Second Annual Symposium On Legal Malpractice & Professional Responsibility., Vincent R. Johnson
St. Mary's Law Journal
The fiduciary duty owed to clients by attorneys is defined by the reasonable-care standard of negligence as opposed to the all-encompassing “absolute and perfect candor” rhetoric frequently used to describe the duty owed. Words have meanings and, though the use of “absolute and perfect candor” serves a beneficial purpose, reminding attorneys of the special duty owed to their clients, the fiduciary duty owed to clients is not so all encompassing and impractical. Modern case law fails to establish that a broadly applicable duty of “absolute and perfect” candor applies to the attorney-client relationship, except in a limited number of situations. …
The Liability Of Lawyers For Fraud Under The Federal And State Securities Laws The Second Annual Symposium On Legal Malpractice & Professional Responsibility., Kathy Patrick
St. Mary's Law Journal
Abstract Forthcoming.
Iolta In The Balance: The Battle Of Legality And Morality Between Robin Hood And The Miser Recent Development., Katherine L. Smith
Iolta In The Balance: The Battle Of Legality And Morality Between Robin Hood And The Miser Recent Development., Katherine L. Smith
St. Mary's Law Journal
Interest on Lawyers Trust Account (IOLTA) programs recently survived a constitutional challenge. IOLTA programs require interest earned from trust accounts deposited with client money to fund legal services for the poor. Many states, including Texas, maintain a mandatory IOLTA program, requiring all lawyers who handle client funds to participate. Proponents of IOLTA argue it benefits civil justice. Opponents argue it is an unconstitutional taking in violation of the Fifth Amendment. The Fifth Circuit held IOLTA accounts to be an unconstitutional taking of client property. The Ninth Circuit, however, found IOLTA accounts constitutional, holding that IOLTA accounts are not a taking …
Insurance Companies Use Of Captive Or In-House Counsel To Represent Insured Constitutes The Unauthorized Practice Of Law: Is American Home The Right Decision For Texas Comment., Daniel M. Martinez
Insurance Companies Use Of Captive Or In-House Counsel To Represent Insured Constitutes The Unauthorized Practice Of Law: Is American Home The Right Decision For Texas Comment., Daniel M. Martinez
St. Mary's Law Journal
Insurance companies should not be allowed to continue the practice of hiring in-house or captive counsel to defend against a claim covered by their insurance policy. Under a typical liability insurance policy, the insurer has a duty to defend. When legal counsel is retained, the insurer pays for the representation and has a contractual right to control the defense. This places defense counsel in a precarious situation because he or she has to balance the contractual obligations to the insurer against his or her ethical responsibilities to the insured. The defense counsel may be exposed to a malpractice claim by …
Bi-Polar And Polycentric Approaches To Human Rights And The Environment, Michael Burger
Bi-Polar And Polycentric Approaches To Human Rights And The Environment, Michael Burger
Sabin Center for Climate Change Law
Within the well-established human rights system, there exist at least three ways to promote environmental ends (each of which is discussed further in Section III below): (1) mobilizing existing rights to achieve environmental ends; (2) reinterpreting existing rights to include environmental concerns; and (3) creating new rights, such as the right to a clean environment. To justify engaging in any one of these processes, an advocate must recognize both their moral legitimacy and legal utility. As one author has argued, "the justification for rights is to be found in the way in which they enable us to address a key …
What Happened To The Skeptical Environmentalist, David Schoenbrod, Christi Wilson
What Happened To The Skeptical Environmentalist, David Schoenbrod, Christi Wilson
Articles & Chapters
This essay focuses on the critical reaction to Bjorn Lomborg's book, The Skeptical Environmentalist. After the book was glowingly reviewed in the Washington Post, the Economist, and other influential publications, it was critically reviewed in Scientific American, Nature, and Science and criticized by environmental organizations. The criticism went beyond trying to show him wrong on environmental policy to claim that he should be disqualified as a participant in debates on environmental policy. The basis for the disqualification was that he does not understand the science or was disingenuous in his treatment of it. In analyzing this effort to disqualify him, …
Alternative Sentencing Under The Marpol Protocol: Using Polluters’ Fines To Fund Environmental Restoration, James B. Nelson
Alternative Sentencing Under The Marpol Protocol: Using Polluters’ Fines To Fund Environmental Restoration, James B. Nelson
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Commerce Clause Challenges To The Endangered Species Act's Regulation Of Intrastate Species On Private Land?, Lilly Santaniello
Commerce Clause Challenges To The Endangered Species Act's Regulation Of Intrastate Species On Private Land?, Lilly Santaniello
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Water, Is Taught By Thirst, Emily Dickinson
Water, Is Taught By Thirst, Emily Dickinson
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Assessing Civil Penalties In Clean Water Act Citizen Suit Cases, Erin Belka, Sarah Kern
Assessing Civil Penalties In Clean Water Act Citizen Suit Cases, Erin Belka, Sarah Kern
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Attorney’S Fees And The Clean Water Act After Buckhannon, Jason Douglas Klein
Attorney’S Fees And The Clean Water Act After Buckhannon, Jason Douglas Klein
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Moab Flower, Mia Lipman
Building On Individual Strengths: Achieving Greater Success In Stormwater Pollution Prevention Through Collaboration, Christine Chestnut
Building On Individual Strengths: Achieving Greater Success In Stormwater Pollution Prevention Through Collaboration, Christine Chestnut
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Taking For Any Purpose?, Camarin Madigan
Taking For Any Purpose?, Camarin Madigan
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Once Adequate, Always Adequate: The Courts Are Getting The Clean Water Act Notice Requirements Right, Shana Lazerow
Once Adequate, Always Adequate: The Courts Are Getting The Clean Water Act Notice Requirements Right, Shana Lazerow
UC Law Environmental Journal
No abstract provided.
Untitled, Avi Lipman
Private Lawyers And Environmental Justice, Michael B. Gerrard
Private Lawyers And Environmental Justice, Michael B. Gerrard
Faculty Scholarship
A private lawyer representing a private client is seldom a crusader. When environmental justice is relevant to a particular matter – the client proposes to build a facility and engages the lawyer to help secure necessary governmental approvals, for example-the lawyer's primary duty must be to the client.
The client in such a case faces two primary types of questions: substantive, such as where and how to build the facility; and procedural, deciding what processes to follow and how much to involve the community in the planning. Typically, by the time the lawyer is brought in, the client already has …
Water Management In The United States And The Fate Of The Colorado River Delta In Mexico, David H. Getches
Water Management In The United States And The Fate Of The Colorado River Delta In Mexico, David H. Getches
Publications
No abstract provided.
Performance-Based Regulation: Prospects And Limitations In Health, Safety And Environmental Protection, Cary Coglianese, Jennifer Nash
Performance-Based Regulation: Prospects And Limitations In Health, Safety And Environmental Protection, Cary Coglianese, Jennifer Nash
All Faculty Scholarship
Regulation aims to improve the performance of individual and organizational behavior in ways that reduce social harms, whether by improving industry's environmental performance, increasing the safety of transportation systems, or reducing workplace risk. With this in mind, the phrase "performance-based regulation" might seem a bit redundant, since all regulation should aim to improve performance in ways that advance social goals. Yet regulators can direct those they govern to improve their performance in at least two basic ways. They can prescribe exactly what actions regulated entities must take to improve their performance. Or they can incorporate the regulation's goal into the …
The Monumental Legacy Of The Antiquities Act Of 1906, Mark Squillace
The Monumental Legacy Of The Antiquities Act Of 1906, Mark Squillace
Publications
The Antiquities Act of 1906 authorizes the President of the United States "to declare by public proclamation, historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated upon [federal] lands . . . to be national monuments . . . " The law was passed during the Theodore Roosevelt administration, and Roosevelt quickly set about designating a wide range of lands and resources as national monuments, including notably, the 800,000 acre Grand Canyon National Monument. Roosevelt's expansive interpretation of the law was embraced by later presidents and ultimately by the Supreme Court. In …
Mountains Without Handrails … Wilderness Without Cellphones, Sarah Krakoff
Mountains Without Handrails … Wilderness Without Cellphones, Sarah Krakoff
Publications
No abstract provided.
Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, And Adaptation In The United States: Building A Capacity For Assessment, Edward A. Parson, Robert W. Corell, Eric J. Barron, Virginia Burkett, Anthony Janetos, Linda Joyce, Thomas R. Karl, Michael C. Maccracken, Jerry Melillo, M. Granger Morgan, David S. Schimel, Thomas Wilbanks
Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, And Adaptation In The United States: Building A Capacity For Assessment, Edward A. Parson, Robert W. Corell, Eric J. Barron, Virginia Burkett, Anthony Janetos, Linda Joyce, Thomas R. Karl, Michael C. Maccracken, Jerry Melillo, M. Granger Morgan, David S. Schimel, Thomas Wilbanks
Articles
Based on the experience of the U.S. National Assessment, we propose a program of research and analysis to advance capability for assessment of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and adaptation options. We identify specific priorities for scientific research on the responses of ecological and socioeconomic systems to climate and other stresses; for improvement in the climatic inputs to impact assessments; and for further development of assessment methods to improve their practical utility to decision-makers. Finally, we propose a new institutional model for assessment, based principally on regional efforts that integrate observations, research, data, applications, and assessment on climate and linked environmental-change issues. …
Is The Endangered Species Act Ecopragmatic?, J.B. Ruhl
Is The Endangered Species Act Ecopragmatic?, J.B. Ruhl
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
The Article evaluates the Endangered Species Act using Dan Farber's theory of eco-pragmatism. Eco-pragmatism employs environmental baselines, a moderated precautionary principle, and adaptive management to mediate environmental policy issues. I conclude that the ESA reflects some of these attributes, but does not coherently assemble a truly eco-pragmatic framework.
Equitable Apportionment Of Ecosystem Services: New Water Law For A New Water Age, J.B. Ruhl
Equitable Apportionment Of Ecosystem Services: New Water Law For A New Water Age, J.B. Ruhl
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
This article examines the interstate water controversy between Florida, Georgia, and Alabama regarding allocation of water in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin (ACF). The three states have been unable after 20 years of negotiation to resolve conflicts between urbanization in Atlanta, commercial uses in Alabama, and ecological protection in Florida. This article proposes that, were the states to seek apportionment of water by the Supreme Court under the Court's doctrine of equitable apportionment, the ecosystem services flowing within the ACF should be an integral allocation factor in deciding the flow regime Georgia and Alabama must ensure enters the Florida portion of …
Shared Knowledge, Shared Jurisprudence: Learning To Speak Environmental Law Creole (Criollo), Thomas T. Ankersen
Shared Knowledge, Shared Jurisprudence: Learning To Speak Environmental Law Creole (Criollo), Thomas T. Ankersen
UF Law Faculty Publications
The character of the legal and judicial systems in Latin America and the Caribbean is undergoing fundamental change.' Traditionally weak judiciaries are emboldened, precedent as a jurisprudential decision-making tool has become increasingly important, the apparatus of administrative law has become more sophisticated and complex, and increasingly sophisticated reporting systems and the "globalization" of shared jurisprudence through contemporary communication media have all contributed to the development of law in the region. These broader systemic developments, though uneven and incomplete, have occurred in tandem with the emergence of environmental law as a unique and discrete body of law.
This Article traces several …
Disasters First: Rethinking Environmental Law After September 11, Michael B. Gerrard
Disasters First: Rethinking Environmental Law After September 11, Michael B. Gerrard
Faculty Scholarship
Many environmental statutes were enacted, or at least spurred along, in direct response to disasters. The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 followed from the Santa Barbara Oil Spill; the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) resulted from the chemical gas disaster in Bhopal, India; the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) was sparked by the Love Canal incident; and the Oil Pollution Acte was a reaction to the Exxon Valdez oil spill.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 have led to the Homeland Security Act and to several other enactments. The collapse of the …
The Environmental Commerce Clause, Christine A. Klein
The Environmental Commerce Clause, Christine A. Klein
UF Law Faculty Publications
This Article studies every commerce clause decision of the modem Supreme Court that involves the scope of governmental authority to regulate the use of natural resources. These decisions comprise what I will call the environmental commerce clause -- the Court's interpretation of the limits mandated by the commerce clause upon federal and state legislation protecting natural resources. Overall, the Court has been limiting the scope of the affirmative commerce clause while simultaneously expanding the reach of the dormant commerce clause. As a result, both federal and state efforts to protect the natural environment have been rendered constitutionally suspect.
This study …