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Articles 151 - 180 of 184
Full-Text Articles in Law
Confrontation And The Re-Privatization Of Domestic Violence, Deborah Tuerkheimer
Confrontation And The Re-Privatization Of Domestic Violence, Deborah Tuerkheimer
Michigan Law Review First Impressions
When the Supreme Court transformed the right of confrontation in Crawford v. Washington, the prosecution of domestic violence predictably suffered as a result. But commentators at the time did not anticipate how the Court’s subsequent Confrontation Clause cases would utterly misconceive the nature of domestic violence, producing a flawed understanding of what constitutes a “testimonial” statement. Although the Court’s definition was especially problematic in the domestic violence context, its overly rigid approach finally became intolerable in Michigan v. Bryant, a 2011 case that did not involve domestic violence. In Bryant, the Court resurrected a public–private divide that …
The Crawford Debacle, George Fisher
The Crawford Debacle, George Fisher
Michigan Law Review First Impressions
First a toast—to my colleague Jeff Fisher and his Crawford compatriot, Richard Friedman, on the tenth anniversary of their triumph: What they achieved in Crawford is every lawyer’s dream. By dint of sheer vision and lawyerly craft, they toppled what many saw as a flawed confrontation-law regime and put in its place one that promised greater justice. For that, much applause is due. Still there’s no denying their doctrine’s a muddle, if not as conceived, then as realized. Consider the count: Four justices almost agree on Crawford’s contours but patch over the issues that divide them. A fifth justice …
Crawford V. Washington: The Next Ten Years, Jeffrey L. Fisher
Crawford V. Washington: The Next Ten Years, Jeffrey L. Fisher
Michigan Law Review First Impressions
Imagine a world . . . in which the Supreme Court got it right the first time. That is, imagine that when the Supreme Court first incorporated the Confrontation Clause against the states, the Court did so by way of the testimonial approach. It’s not that hard to envision. In Douglas v. Alabama—issued in 1965, on the same day the Court ruled that the Confrontation Clause applies to the states—the Court held that a nontestifying witness’s custodial confession could not be introduced against the defendant because, while “not technically testimony,” the confession was “the equivalent in the jury’s mind …
From Arbitrariness To Coherency In Sentencing: Reducing The Rate Of Imprisonment And Crime While Saving Billions Of Taxpayer Dollars, Mirko Bagaric
From Arbitrariness To Coherency In Sentencing: Reducing The Rate Of Imprisonment And Crime While Saving Billions Of Taxpayer Dollars, Mirko Bagaric
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
Dealing with criminals and preventing crime is a paramount public policy issue. Sentencing law and practice is the means through which we ultimately deal with criminal offenders. Despite its importance and wide-ranging reforms in recent decades, sentencing remains an intellectual and normative wasteland. This has resulted in serious human rights violations of both criminals and victims, incalculable public revenue wastage, and a failure to implement effective measures to reduce crime. This Article attempts to bridge the gulf that exists between knowledge and practice in sentencing and lays the groundwork for a fair and efficient sentencing system. The Article focuses on …
Special Administrative Measures And The War On Terror: When Do Extreme Pretrial Detention Measures Offend The Constitution?, Andrew Dalack
Special Administrative Measures And The War On Terror: When Do Extreme Pretrial Detention Measures Offend The Constitution?, Andrew Dalack
Michigan Journal of Race and Law
Our criminal justice system is founded upon a belief that one is innocent until proven guilty. This belief is what foists the burden of proving a person’s guilt upon the government and belies a statutory presumption in favor of allowing a defendant to remain free pending trial at the federal level. Though there are certainly circumstances in which a federal magistrate judge may—and sometimes must—remand a defendant to jail pending trial, it is well-settled that pretrial detention itself inherently prejudices the quality of a person’s defense. In some cases, a defendant’s pretrial conditions become so onerous that they become punitive …
Creating Constitutional Procedure: Frye, Lafler, And Plea Bargaining Reform, Mike Work
Creating Constitutional Procedure: Frye, Lafler, And Plea Bargaining Reform, Mike Work
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology
No abstract provided.
Gender-Conscious Confrontation: The Accuser-Obligation Approach Revisited, Michael El-Zein
Gender-Conscious Confrontation: The Accuser-Obligation Approach Revisited, Michael El-Zein
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
The Supreme Court’s recent Confrontation Clause decisions have had a dramatic effect on domestic violence prosecution throughout the United States, sparking debate about possible solutions to an increasingly difficult trial process for prosecutors and the survivors they represent. In this Note, I revisit and reinterpret the suggestion by Professor Sherman J. Clark in his article, An Accuser-Obligation Approach to the Confrontation Clause,1 that we should view the Confrontation Clause primarily as an obligation of the accuser rather than a right of the accused. Specifically, I reevaluate Clark’s proposition using a gendered lens, ultimately suggesting a novel solution to the problem …
Table Of Contents, Public Interest Law Reporter
Table Of Contents, Public Interest Law Reporter
Public Interest Law Reporter
No abstract provided.
Fixing Education Spending In Illinois Through Efficient Targeted Funding, Conor Desmond
Fixing Education Spending In Illinois Through Efficient Targeted Funding, Conor Desmond
Public Interest Law Reporter
Educational attainment has been tied to income levels, employment, health, and numerous other benefits. Economic research indicates that if we focus our funding on programs targeting children from birth to age five, the returns on the public investment will result in higher returns than if it was invested in the open market. In fact, fifteen US States spent over $400 million on pre-k education alone in 2013. Illinois spent approximately $300 million in the 2014 Fiscal year. Through this paper, it will be shown that through effective funding of programs that develop cognitive skills in children aged three to four, …
To Whom Should The Job Of Solving Inequity In School Funding Schemes Fall?, Calli Leigh Burnett
To Whom Should The Job Of Solving Inequity In School Funding Schemes Fall?, Calli Leigh Burnett
Public Interest Law Reporter
No abstract provided.
A Step In The Right Direction, But Sb16 Bobby Otter Comes Up Short, Ralph Martire, Bobby Otter
A Step In The Right Direction, But Sb16 Bobby Otter Comes Up Short, Ralph Martire, Bobby Otter
Public Interest Law Reporter
No abstract provided.
Illusion Of School Choice Leaves Chicago Pupils With No Choice, Elise Robie
Illusion Of School Choice Leaves Chicago Pupils With No Choice, Elise Robie
Public Interest Law Reporter
School choice ostensibly empowers parents and students to have control over their education. However, despite the facade of school choice in Illinois, in reality parents and students effectively have little to no school choice, especially in the City of Chicago. The presence of charter schools overpowers traditional public schools, and without a solid voucher system parents do not have valid control over their children's education. Parental involvement in a child's education plays a crucial role in a child's success, and lack of genuine school choice stymies parental involvement and control.
The Impact Of Illinois School Funding Reform: An Overview Of District Variance, Jordan Fries
The Impact Of Illinois School Funding Reform: An Overview Of District Variance, Jordan Fries
Public Interest Law Reporter
No abstract provided.
The Genealogy Of Prosecutorial Discretion In Latin America: A Comparative And Historical Analysis Of The Adversarial Reforms In The Region, Daniel Pulecio-Boek
The Genealogy Of Prosecutorial Discretion In Latin America: A Comparative And Historical Analysis Of The Adversarial Reforms In The Region, Daniel Pulecio-Boek
Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business
No abstract provided.
Recent Development: Barnes V. State: A Suspect's Detention Did Not Evolve Into De Facto Arrest When The Execution Of A Warrant Was Delayed For Three Hours; Police May Detain A Suspect After The Warrant Execution If They Reasonably Suspect Criminal Activity, Harrison Bliss
University of Baltimore Law Forum
The Court of Appeals of Maryland held that a three-hour delay in the execution of a warrant was reasonable and did not constitute de facto arrest. Barnes v. State, 437 Md. 375, 394, 86 A.3d 1246, 1257 (2014). The court of appeals also held that a short investigatory detention, following the execution of the warrant, did not suggest de facto arrest, and therefore did not require probable cause. Id. at 397, 86 A.3d at 1259. Finally, the court held that the evidence collected from the search of an individual’s storage unit was lawfully obtained because the officers had the requisite …
Stop Presumptive Transfers: How Forcing Juveniles To Prove They Should Remain In The Juvenile Justice System Is Inconsistent With Roper V. Simmons & Graham V. Florida, 48 J. Marshall L. Rev. 365 (2014), Rachel Fugett
UIC Law Review
Overly expansive juvenile transfer laws are inconsistent with the Court’s reasoning because their primary objective is to transfer juveniles into the adult criminal justice system solely for the purpose of punishing and sentencing them like adults. In so doing, expansive juvenile transfer laws, more often than not, largely ignore a juvenile’s diminished culpability and greater capacity for change.
Kaley V. United States: Sanctifying Grand Jury Determinations And Marginalizing The Right To Counsel Of Choice, Laura Merkey
Kaley V. United States: Sanctifying Grand Jury Determinations And Marginalizing The Right To Counsel Of Choice, Laura Merkey
Maryland Law Review
No abstract provided.
The "Orwellian Consequence" Of Smartphone Tracking: Why A Warrant Under The Fourth Amendment Is Required Prior To Collection Of Gps Data From Smartphones, Matthew Devoy Jones
The "Orwellian Consequence" Of Smartphone Tracking: Why A Warrant Under The Fourth Amendment Is Required Prior To Collection Of Gps Data From Smartphones, Matthew Devoy Jones
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note argues that a warrant under the Fourth Amendment, rather than under the ECPA or no warrant at all, must be obtained prior to collection of GPS data from a user’s smartphone, whether payment for the phone is contractual or pay-asyou-go. This Note discusses smartphones and how the purpose of the Fourth Amendment applies to smartphone tracking. This Note also discusses the legislative intent behind the ECPA and its inapplicability to smartphone tracking. In addition, this Note addresses United States Supreme Court decisions regarding electronic monitoring by law enforcement, as well as the development and present use of GPS …
In Need Of Clarification: A Call To Define The Scope Of The Routine Booking Exception By Adopting The Legitimate Administrative Function Test, Elizabeth Parrish
In Need Of Clarification: A Call To Define The Scope Of The Routine Booking Exception By Adopting The Legitimate Administrative Function Test, Elizabeth Parrish
Catholic University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Text Me: A Text-Based Interpretation Of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(E), Jennifer L. Case
Text Me: A Text-Based Interpretation Of 28 U.S.C. § 2255(E), Jennifer L. Case
Kentucky Law Journal
No abstract provided.
The Ethical Obligations Of Defence Counsel In Sexual Assault Cases, Elaine Craig
The Ethical Obligations Of Defence Counsel In Sexual Assault Cases, Elaine Craig
Osgoode Hall Law Journal
The treatment of sexual assault complainants by defence counsel has been the site of significant debate for legal ethicists. Even those with the strongest commitment to the ethics of zealous advocacy struggle with how to approach the cross-examination of sexual assault complainants. One of the most contentious issues in this debate pertains to the use of bias, stereotype and discriminatory tactics to advance one’s client’s position. This paper focuses on the professional responsibilities defence lawyers bear in sexual assault cases. Its central claim is as follows: Defence counsel are ethically obligated to restrict their carriage of a sexual assault case …
Beyond A Reasonable Doubt: The Constitutionality Of Georgia's Burden Of Proof In Executing The Mentally Retarded, Veronica M. O'Grady
Beyond A Reasonable Doubt: The Constitutionality Of Georgia's Burden Of Proof In Executing The Mentally Retarded, Veronica M. O'Grady
Georgia Law Review
In 2002, the Supreme Court in Atkins v. Virginia announced that executing mentally retarded defendants violates the Constitution. Georgia's standard for determining whether a criminal defendant is mentally retarded-and therefore ineligible for the death penalty- is the highest in the nation, requiring defendants to prove mental retardation to a jury, during the guilt and innocence phase, beyond a reasonable doubt. As in the case of Warren Lee Hill, Jr., this high burden necessarily results in Georgia executing defendants who are almost certainly mentally retarded,arguably violating the Atkins directive. Though once the first state to create a ban on executing the …
Juror Internet Misconduct: A Survey Of New Hampshire Superior Court Judges, Brooke Lovett Shilo
Juror Internet Misconduct: A Survey Of New Hampshire Superior Court Judges, Brooke Lovett Shilo
The University of New Hampshire Law Review
[Excerpt] “The Constitution guarantees criminal defendants the right to a fair trial before an impartial jury and the right to confront the evidence against them. When a juror improperly accesses the Internet during a criminal trial, the defendant is denied these constitutional rights. The problem of outside information entering the courtroom is as old as our judicial system. As early as 1907, Justice Holmes observed that, “The theory of our [criminal justice] system is that the conclusions to be reached in a case will be induced only by evidence and argument in open court, and not by any outside influence, …
A Dedication To Andrew E. Taslitz: "It's All About The Egyptians," And Maybe Tinkerbell Too, Stephen E. Henderson
A Dedication To Andrew E. Taslitz: "It's All About The Egyptians," And Maybe Tinkerbell Too, Stephen E. Henderson
Oklahoma Law Review
No abstract provided.
Does Prison Reform Bring Sentencing Reform? The Congress, The Courts, And The Structural Injunction, Brian K. Landsberg
Does Prison Reform Bring Sentencing Reform? The Congress, The Courts, And The Structural Injunction, Brian K. Landsberg
McGeorge Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Marriage Of State Law And Individual Rights And A New Limit On The Federal Death Penalty, Jonathan Ross
The Marriage Of State Law And Individual Rights And A New Limit On The Federal Death Penalty, Jonathan Ross
Cleveland State Law Review
Since the 1990s, federal prosecutors have, with increasing frequency, sought the death penalty for federal offenses committed in and also punishable under the laws of non-death penalty states. Critics of this practice have pointed out that federal prosecutors can use the federal death penalty to circumvent a state's abolition of capital punishment. Courts, however, have almost unanimously rejected arguments that state law should be a shield from federal punishment for federal offenses. This article proposes a novel way to challenge the federal death penalty's use in a non-death penalty state—the Supreme Court's reasoning in United States v. Windsor. In Windsor, …
Oklahoma's Indigency Determination Scheme: A Call For Uniformity, Carrie Savage Phillips
Oklahoma's Indigency Determination Scheme: A Call For Uniformity, Carrie Savage Phillips
Oklahoma Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Trayvon Martin Trial - Two Comments And An Observation, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1371 (2014), Richard Delgado
The Trayvon Martin Trial - Two Comments And An Observation, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1371 (2014), Richard Delgado
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
The New Prosecutor’S Dilemma: Prosecutorial Ethics And The Evaluation Of Actual Innocence, Dana Carver Boehm
The New Prosecutor’S Dilemma: Prosecutorial Ethics And The Evaluation Of Actual Innocence, Dana Carver Boehm
Utah Law Review
Buoyed by advances in forensic science, the number of postconviction exonerations has significantly risen in the American criminal justice system over the last twenty years. The ethical obligations of prosecutors faced with such claims, however, have not kept pace. Most efforts within district and U.S. attorneys’ offices have been incremental at best, and even those few prosecutors’ offices with more robust “conviction integrity units”—units that affirmatively investigate claims of actual innocence and seek to mitigate the likelihood of wrongful convictions in the first place—suffer from various structural defects. Often a prosecutor’s default posture when faced with a claim of actual …
Consensual Police-Citizen Encounters: Human Factors Of A Reasonable Person And Individual Bias., Evan M. Mcguire
Consensual Police-Citizen Encounters: Human Factors Of A Reasonable Person And Individual Bias., Evan M. Mcguire
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable government intrusion. The government must establish probable cause and obtain a warrant to search a particular location. However, there are minute Fourth Amendment distinctions at various levels of police-citizen interaction which act as exceptions to the general rule. Officers may approach a citizen for any reason as long as a reasonable person in their place would feel able to escape the officer’s advances. Ultimately, abuse of this exception to Fourth Amendment protections occurs frequently, especially when it comes to minority populations. The police can conduct a search without a warrant if there is reasonable …