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Articles 31 - 60 of 350
Full-Text Articles in Law
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baughman
Crime And The Mythology Of Police, Shima Baughman
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
The legal policing literature has espoused one theory of policing after another in an effort to address the frayed relationship between police and the communities they serve. All have aimed to diagnose chronic policing problems in working towards structural police reform. The core principles emanating from these theoretical critiques is that the mistrust of police among communities of color results from maltreatment, illegitimacy and marginalization from the law and its enforcers. Remedies have included police training to encourage treating people with dignity, investing in body cameras and other technology, providing legal avenues to encourage constitutional action by police, and creating …
Autonomous Cyber Weapons And Command Responsibility, Russell Buchan, Nicholas Tsagourias
Autonomous Cyber Weapons And Command Responsibility, Russell Buchan, Nicholas Tsagourias
International Law Studies
Autonomous cyber weapons have made their way onto the battlefield, raising the question of whether commanders can be held criminally responsible under command responsibility when war crimes are committed. The doctrine of command responsibility has a long history in international criminal law and comprises three core elements: the existence of a superior-subordinate relationship, the commander’s knowledge of the crime, and the commander’s failure to prevent or repress the subordinate’s criminal actions. This article unpacks the content of these elements and applies them to autonomous cyber weapons by treating them as being analogous to soldiers since they operate within an organized …
The Female Face Of Misogyny: A Review Of Decriminalizing Domestic Violence: A Balanced Policy Approach To Intimate Partner Violence By Leigh Goodmark And The Feminist War On Crime: The Unexpected Role Of Women's Liberation In Mass Incarceration By Aya Gruber, Dianne L. Post
Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence
No abstract provided.
Does Bitcoin Use Affect Crime Rates?, Kevin Keane
Does Bitcoin Use Affect Crime Rates?, Kevin Keane
The Corinthian
Bitcoin is the most widely used cryptocurrency in the world because of its decentralized network that completes user-to-user transactions, eliminating the need for intermediaries. During 2017, the volume of Bitcoin transactions totaled $94.3 trillion. Bitcoin transactions are recorded in a public database called the blockchain. Although the blockchain can keep track of how many transactions there are, it can’t identify the people involved in transactions. The lack of identity increases the anonymity of Bitcoin transactions, making it less detectable when used for crime. Using the Uniform Crime Reporting’s state-level crime rate data and blockchain’s Bitcoin transaction information, I estimate the …
Pengaturan Dan Praktek Praperadilan Tindak Pidana Pajak Di Indonesia, Ahmad Sofian, Batara Mulia Hasibuan
Pengaturan Dan Praktek Praperadilan Tindak Pidana Pajak Di Indonesia, Ahmad Sofian, Batara Mulia Hasibuan
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Pretrial is an institution to control and correct law enforcement which are deemed to have violated mechanisms established in procedural laws. The correction is not aimed to look into the aspects of the alleged criminal case but determine whether “rules of the game” established in the formal criminal law have been implemented properly or not. In practice, tax payers being involved in tax criminal cases often file pretrial motion although tax investigators actually have applied the principles of formal criminal law in legal measures they take. There are often different interpretations of laws and regulations used in pretrial institution for …
Criminological Description Of Crimes Related To Terrorism And Their Causes, Jamshid Ibrohimov
Criminological Description Of Crimes Related To Terrorism And Their Causes, Jamshid Ibrohimov
Review of law sciences
Terrorism is the most dangerous and difficult vocation of our time. In order to solve this social problem, it is necessary first of all to know exactly what terrorism is, its plot, essence, why and by whom it is used as a tool in the fight against terrorism. It is worth noting that now the fact that the identity of the terrorist was not described as a Fox, is one of the main problems in science. In this case, it is also very important to pay attention to the various data on the delivery of mercenaries maksad in the case …
Ethical Implications Of Forensic Genealogy In Criminal Cases, Solana Lund
Ethical Implications Of Forensic Genealogy In Criminal Cases, Solana Lund
The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law
The use of forensic genealogy to solve criminal cases is likely to increase in the coming years, especially given its success in solving cold cases. While its potential for good is impressive, there are also legitimate ethical concerns that need to be addressed. As society sees an increase in the use of forensic genealogy and DTC databases in criminal investigations as well as an increase in the media attention it garners, there will be more discussion regarding ethical implications. Legal scholars say that it is only a matter of time before courts weigh in on the privacy of DNA and …
Paradigm Of Forming A Liberal Penitentiary System – Origins, Trends And Prospects, N. Salaev
Paradigm Of Forming A Liberal Penitentiary System – Origins, Trends And Prospects, N. Salaev
Review of law sciences
The article illustrates some problematic aspects of the development and improvement of the penitentiary system of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the course of the study, the problematic aspects of the evolution of liberal prison policy, and promising areas for improving the criminal-executive policy were identified. In particular, the author has studied the current situation in the field of prison policy in the world, modern challenges and threats in the form of the danger of an increase in the criminal population due to the decrease in the repressive nature of criminal punishments and the not always justified improvement in the …
Law Library Blog (April 2020): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Blog (April 2020): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Newsletters/Blog
No abstract provided.
Law School News: 'Injustice Dehumanizes Everyone It Touches' 1-31-2020, Michael M. Bowden
Law School News: 'Injustice Dehumanizes Everyone It Touches' 1-31-2020, Michael M. Bowden
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
The 15th Annual Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Celebration Keynote Address 1-28-2020, Roger Williams University School Of Law, Michael M. Bowden, Andrea Hansen
The 15th Annual Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Celebration Keynote Address 1-28-2020, Roger Williams University School Of Law, Michael M. Bowden, Andrea Hansen
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
The Troubling Alliance Between Feminism And Policing, Aya Gruber
The Troubling Alliance Between Feminism And Policing, Aya Gruber
Publications
No abstract provided.
Ethical Considerations For Prosecutors: How Recent Advancements Have Changed The Face Of Prosecution, Joshua L. Sandoval
Ethical Considerations For Prosecutors: How Recent Advancements Have Changed The Face Of Prosecution, Joshua L. Sandoval
St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics
The prosecutor acts as a minister of justice with sweeping discretion to charge an individual with a crime, plea a case in a manner supported by the strength of the evidence, proceed to trial on a case, and even dismiss a case. He must balance the interest of the victim, the community, and the constitutional rights of the accused in every decision he makes.
This article will explore the role of the American prosecutor and discuss various ethical issues encountered on a daily basis. After a brief introduction, the author will succinctly discuss the history of the prosecutor and will …
Restorative Prosecution? Rethinking Responses To Violence, Olivia Dana, Sherene Crawford
Restorative Prosecution? Rethinking Responses To Violence, Olivia Dana, Sherene Crawford
NYLS Law Review
No abstract provided.
Immigration And Crime Across Southern Us Border: The Effect Of Latino Immigration On Violent Crime, Matthew Hohman
Immigration And Crime Across Southern Us Border: The Effect Of Latino Immigration On Violent Crime, Matthew Hohman
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
In the United States, most lay citizens could voice an opinion on the effect of immigration in the United States. However, these opinions are generally only focused on Latino immigration entering the country across its Southern border from Mexico and Caribbean countries, such as Cuba and Haiti. Increased media coverage on this topic in recent decades has fueled this debate and made it a center stage topic in political agendas. This study aims to shed light on this issue by researching the true effect of Latino immigration, as well as total immigration, across the United States’s Southern Border. To account …
Racial Profiling: Past, Present, And Future, David A. Harris
Racial Profiling: Past, Present, And Future, David A. Harris
Articles
It has been more than two decades since the introduction of the first bill in Congress that addressed racial profiling in 1997. Between then and now, Congress never passed legislation on the topic, but more than half the states passed laws and many police departments put anti-profiling policies in place to combat it. The research and data on racial profiling has grown markedly over the last twenty-plus years. We know that the practice is real (contrary to many denials), and the data reveal racial profiling’s shortcomings and great social costs. Nevertheless, racial profiling persists. While it took root most prominently …
The Invisible Prison: Pathways And Prevention, Margaret Brinig, Marsha Garrison
The Invisible Prison: Pathways And Prevention, Margaret Brinig, Marsha Garrison
Journal Articles
In this paper, we propose a new strategy for curbing crime and delinquency and demonstrate the inadequacy of current reform efforts. Our analysis relies on our own, original research involving a large, multi-generational sample of unmarried fathers from a rust-belt region of the United States as well as the conclusions of earlier researchers.
Our own research data are unusual in that they are holistic and multigenerational: The Court-based record system we utilized for data collection provided detailed information on child maltreatment, juvenile status and delinquency charges, child support, parenting time, orders of protection, and residential mobility for focal children (the …
Comparing The Violent Crime Trends In Select States To The National Trends To Determine Differences Between Crimes, States, And Regions, Alexandra N. Kremer
Comparing The Violent Crime Trends In Select States To The National Trends To Determine Differences Between Crimes, States, And Regions, Alexandra N. Kremer
The Downtown Review
Violent crimes include crimes such as murder, rape, robbery, and assault. The FBI in the UCR breaks these down into Type I, crimes against the person, and Type II, property crimes, offenses. The FBI also divides the country into four regions: West, South, Northeast, and Midwest. Each of these regions are examined, through the use of two states from each, here. Their overall violent crime rates and trends, and their specific Type I offensive rates and trends, are examined against the national data and against each other. Several theories are used to explain the potential causes of the differences in …
Is Emerging Adulthood Influencing Moffitt’S Developmental Taxonomy? Adding The “Prolonged” Adolescent Offender, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi, Wayne Welsh
Is Emerging Adulthood Influencing Moffitt’S Developmental Taxonomy? Adding The “Prolonged” Adolescent Offender, Christopher Salvatore, Travis A. Taniguchi, Wayne Welsh
Christopher Salvatore
The study of offender trajectories has been a prolific area of criminological research. However, few studies have incorporated the influence of emerging adulthood, a recently identified stage of the life course, on offending trajectories. The present study addressed this shortcoming by introducing the "prolonged adolescent" offender, a low-level offender between the ages of 18 and 25 that has failed to successfully transition into adult social roles. A theoretical background based on prior research in life-course criminology and emerging adulthood is presented. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health analyses examined the relationship between indicators of traditional turning …
Do Criminal Minds Cause Crime? Neuroscience And The Physicalism Dilemma, John A. Humbach
Do Criminal Minds Cause Crime? Neuroscience And The Physicalism Dilemma, John A. Humbach
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
The idea that mental states cause actions is a basic premise of criminal law. Blame and responsibility presuppose that criminal acts are products of the defendant's mind. Yet, the assumption that mental causation exists is at odds with physicalism, the widely shared worldview that “everything is physical.” Outside of law, there is probably no field of secular study in which one can seriously assert that unseen nonmaterial forces can cause physical events. But if physicalism is true then a fundamental premise of modern criminal justice must be false, namely, that criminals deserve punishment because their crimes are the products of …
Protecting The Expecting: A Proposal To Include Pregnancy As An Aggravating Circumstance, Nicole Atlak
Protecting The Expecting: A Proposal To Include Pregnancy As An Aggravating Circumstance, Nicole Atlak
Journal of Civil Rights and Economic Development
(Excerpt)
This Note brings attention to the New York Legislature’s failure to consider the unique vulnerability and harms of pregnant victims of domestic violence and proposes a statutory amendment. This Note proposes that Section 827(a)(vii) of New York’s Family Court Act be amended to include an additional aggravating circumstance with language to the effect of “any physical injury or psychological, emotional or sexual abuse to a pregnant woman.” This addition is necessary to ensure the list of aggravating circumstances is thorough, and more complete in encompassing all serious and heinous domestic abuse.
Part II of this Note will offer a …
Contempt Of Congress, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl
Contempt Of Congress, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl
Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl
No abstract provided.
The Transnational Legal Ordering Of The Death Penalty, Stefanie Neumeier, Wayne Sandholtz
The Transnational Legal Ordering Of The Death Penalty, Stefanie Neumeier, Wayne Sandholtz
UC Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law
A transnational legal order (TLO) authoritatively shapes “the
understanding and practice of law” in a specific area of social activity,
involving both state and civil society actors, and linking national, regional,
and international levels. We argue that a TLO has emerged and settled
since 1945 around capital punishment. Our analysis of the death penalty
TLO treats “bottom-up” and “top-down” effects as interconnected,
addresses the creation of legal order at both national and international levels,
and emphasizes the recursivity linking developments at both levels. We trace
the development of death penalty abolition from its origins in the immediate
aftermath of World …
Machine Learning With Multi-Class Regression And Neural Networks: Analysis And Visualization Of Crime Data In Seattle, Erkin David George
Machine Learning With Multi-Class Regression And Neural Networks: Analysis And Visualization Of Crime Data In Seattle, Erkin David George
Honors Projects
This article examines the implications of machine learning algorithms and models, and the significance of their construction when investigating criminal data. It uses machine learning models and tools to store, clean and analyze data that is fed into a machine learning model. This model is then compared to another model to test for accuracy, biases and patterns that are detected in between the experiments. The data was collected from data.seattle.gov and was published by the City of Seattle Data Portal and was accessed on September 17, 2018. This research will be looking into how machine learning models can be used …
Dividing Bail Reform, Shima Baughman
Dividing Bail Reform, Shima Baughman
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
There are few issues in criminal law with greater momentum than bail reform. In the last three years, states have passed hundreds of new pretrial release laws, and there are now over 200 bills pending throughout the states. These efforts are rooted in important concerns: Bail reform lies at the heart of broader recent debates about equitable treatment in the criminal justice system. Done right, bail keeps dangerous individuals off the streets; done wrong, it keeps those with less economic means in jail longer. Some jurisdictions are eliminating money bail. Others are adopting risk assessments to determine who to release. …
Intuitions Of Punishment, Owen D. Jones, Robert Kurzban
Intuitions Of Punishment, Owen D. Jones, Robert Kurzban
Owen Jones
Recent work reveals, contrary to wide-spread assumptions, remarkably high levels of agreement about how to rank order, by blameworthiness, wrongs that involve physical harms, takings of property, or deception in exchanges. In The Origins of Shared Intuitions of Justice (http://ssrn.com/abstract=952726) we proposed a new explanation for these unexpectedly high levels of agreement.
Elsewhere in this issue, Professors Braman, Kahan, and Hoffman offer a critique of our views, to which we reply here. Our reply clarifies a number of important issues, such as the interconnected roles that culture, variation, and evolutionary processes play in generating intuitions of punishment.
Behavioral Genetics And Crime, In Context, Owen D. Jones
Behavioral Genetics And Crime, In Context, Owen D. Jones
Owen Jones
This Article provides an introduction to some of the key issues at the intersection of behavioral genetics and crime.
It provides, among other things, an overview of the emerging points of consensus, scientifically, on what behavioral genetics can and cannot tell us about criminal behavior. It also discusses a variety of important implications (as well as complexities) of attempting to use insights of behavioral genetics in legal contexts.
The 16th Annual Diversity Symposium Dinner, April 4, 2019, Roger Williams University School Of Law
The 16th Annual Diversity Symposium Dinner, April 4, 2019, Roger Williams University School Of Law
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
Crime And Punishment In Gold Country : A Historical Case-Study, Shih-Chun Steven Chien, Lawrence M. Friedman
Crime And Punishment In Gold Country : A Historical Case-Study, Shih-Chun Steven Chien, Lawrence M. Friedman
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
Rural life, small town life, is not and has never been idyllic. It has always had its share of pathology, sometimes deep pathology. Small town life is not necessarily traditional life, close-knit family life, neighborly life. That kind of life certainly exists; but America was never a traditional society in that sense. Its small towns were full of strangers. The population of El Dorado County, small as it was, had been growing rapidly. Like America in general, El Dorado County had its share of anomie; rootless men (and women), without strong relationships: ships without anchors, driftwood on the sea of …
The Influence Of Religion On The Criminal Behavior Of Emerging Adults, Christopher Salvatore, Gabriel Rubin
The Influence Of Religion On The Criminal Behavior Of Emerging Adults, Christopher Salvatore, Gabriel Rubin
Gabriel Rubin
Recent generations of young adults are experiencing a new life course stage: emerging adulthood. During this ‘new’ stage of the life course, traditional social bonds and turning points may not be present, may be delayed, or may not operate in the same manner as they have for prior generations. One such bond, religion, is examined here. Focusing on the United States, emerging adulthood is investigated as a distinct stage of the life course. The criminality of emerging adults is presented, a theoretical examination of the relationship between religion and crime is provided, the role of religion in emerging adults’ lives …