Law Commons^™

Pensada Lei, Pensada Malícia. A Propósito Das Avaliações "De Desempenho" Aos Docentes, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

There is a widespread ignorance about what does and what it should do a university professor, lecturer or researcher. This will create dangerous myths about how teachers should be evaluated, because paying no attention to the nature of their labor, and resulting on the creation of deep injustice. It is feared that such systems to be implemented result in infinite time-consuming bureaucratic. Precious time that should be used in teaching and research. That may also pollute the environment by creating lethal enemies among teaching people, ending up in lengthy legal proceedings. This article seeks to make a diagnosis of myths …

Por Uma Avaliação Objectiva, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Com base em mitos educativos muito difundidos, e cavalgando o corcel do temor reverencial dos docentes antes o educativamente correcto, têm-se instalado perspectivas muito injustas sobre o que se deve e como se deve avaliaro dito "desempenho" dos professores, designadamente do ensino superior. Este artigo, sem discutir as questões filosóficas de base de toda a avaliação, procura minimizar os danos do processo em curso propondo concretos critérios de uma avaliação que não seja a manifestação do puro arbítrio dos poderes académicos pontuais, manipulando grelhas subjectivas e complexíssimas. Pretende, pois, uma avaliação justa, pela objectividade.

Comparative Law And Economics: Algunos Apuntes Preliminares, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

El analisis economico del derecho se ha erigido como una herramienta para que el jurista prevea o explique el efecto de una regla en el comportamiento de los agentes economicos. Sin embargo, y pese a la utilidad de saber si la regla asumida en cierto sistema juridico ha sido eficiente, nada nos dice sobre si la circulacion o trasplante de tal regla en otro sistema generara el mismo efecto. Es a preguntas de este tipo, entre otras muchas, a las que pretende dar respuesta el comparative law and economics.

Copyright And Freedom Of Expression In Europe, Pankaj Singh

Pankaj Singh

This article will describe the state of European law concerning the conflict between copyright and freedom of expression. To set the stage, I will first set out the constitutional basis of copyright (or the absence thereof) in various countries in Europe. Next, I shall describe the law governing free speech, and in particular the workings of Article 10 ECHR. The analysis will thereafter focus on copyright v. free speech case law that has recently emerged from a number of continental European countries (especially Germany, France and The Netherlands), and from the former ‘gate-keeper’ to the European Court, the European Commission …

Prefácio Aos Prefácios, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

No presente artigo, ensaia-se uma sintética teorização em torno dos prefácios. O seu diálogo com o corpo do texto que apresentam não é simples, mas torna-se muito revelador. vale a pena ler e analisar estes textos, que alguns saltam displicentemente, e outros perscrutam com curiosidade...

Filosofia Antropológica?, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Muito do que se passa nas nossas sociedades, actualmente, depende de termos ou não termos um olhar filosófico, e de termos ou não termos a capacidade perspectivista do antropólogo. O presente artigo chama a atenção para a necessidade de a Filosofia, tentando furtar-se à tirania do Logos na versão dos ares "grão senhores", de que falava Kant, procure o olhar de "terceiro", e o despojamento de recursos da Antropologia cultural.

False Imprisonment As A Tort In India, Hari Priya

Hari Priya

The tort of false imprisonment is one of the most severe forms of human rights violation, and this paper aims to define and to understand the concept of false imprisonment as a tort in India. It also seeks to know about the evolution of the notion of false imprisonment as a tort, with reference to Indian and foreign cases, and understand who and when can one be held liable for the tort of false imprisonment. It further deals with the remedies available for the said tort.

Comentario Al Libro "Codigo Civil: Derecho De Sucesiones", Tomos I, Ii Y Iii Del Profesor Cesar Fernandez Arce, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

En el presente comentario se efectua un brevisimo analisis de las posturas teoricas asumidas por el profesor Fernandez Arce en lo concerniente al testamento. Por tal motivo, se intenta resaltar las influencias de dichas posturas teoricas así como el fundamento historico de algunas de ellas.

Behavioral Law And Economics: Una Aproximacion Inicial, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

El objetivo de la presente nota se centra en la apretada exposicion de algunos de los postulados fundamentales del behavioral law and economics, los cuales han sido construidos no solo atendiendo a aspectos de la economia neoclasica sino que han sido enriquecidos con las propuestas de la psicologia cognitiva. A renglon seguido se dara un brevisimo recorrido a las posibilidades aplicativas de esta metodologia de analisis para el campo juridico.

Del Homo Economicus Al Homer Economicus: Breves Apuntes Sobre El Behavioral Law And Economics, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

La presente nota tiene como modesto objetivo exponer brevemente los postulados tanto de la teoria economica de la eleccion racional cuanto los de la economia conductual. Con ello se pretende ofrecer al lector una ligera vision de las posibilidades de aplicación de las teorias economicas en el Derecho, en especial si es que ellas aprehenden la realidad humana con sus limitantes y complejidades. A tal efecto se expone el transito del modelo del homo economicus, propio de la economía neoclasica, al homer economicus, sugerido por la economía conductual.

Civil Procedure Reform In Switzerland And The Role Of Legal Transplants, Samuel P. Baumgartner

Samuel P. Baumgartner

On January 1, 2011, Swiss courts will begin operating under a unified federal code of civil procedure for the first time in the country’s history. This code has been exceedingly long in the making. In this chapter, I use the new code and its history to engage the editors’ claim that the old categories of common law and civil law procedure are crumbling, thus making differences among countries within the common law or civil law world more important than differences across the divide.

First, the new Swiss code of civil procedure includes a number of features that may look like …

Failed Synallagmatic Contracts : Appraisal Of The Maxim "The Party Who Has Control And Can Insure Against The Loss Should Shoulder The Risk", Aimite Jorge

Aimite Jorge

The current position in South African law on enrichment situations arising from "failed agreements" is that "if you have received a performance in terms of a contract which subsequently fails for whatever reason, you give it back if you still have it; if you cannot give it back, you are absolved, unless you were culpable in relation to the loss". Daniel Visser, however, challenges this approach and proposes a new one in his recently published book, Unjustified Enrichment (2008). This article evaluates both this position and the newly suggested approach and it argues that in cases of failed synallagmatic contracts …

The Uneasy Case For Enforcing Competition Law Provisions Related With Excessive And Unfair Prices In Developing Countries, Andrés Palacios Lleras

Andrés Palacios Lleras

This article argues in favor of having competition law authorities of developing countries enforce provisions that, like article 102.a of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, forbid charging excessive and unfairly high prices. In order to do so, it analyzes the relevant European Union case law and the considerations it has brought forth, as well as studies regarding competition law enforcement in developing countries, in order to determine the relevant factors that may contribute to the successful enforcement in these jurisdictions. It also takes into consideration the difficulties that have resulted in the enforcement of the aforemen- …

Workplace Bullying As An Occupational Safety And Health Matter: A Comparative Analysis, Susan Harthill

Susan Harthill

Workers who are bullied at work suffer physically and mentally, and can even be driven to suicide. There ought to be a law against workplace bullying, and in some countries, there is. Despite a growing body of inter-disciplinary work highlighting the prevalence and costs of workplace bullying in the United States, there are currently no U.S. state or federal laws expressly addressing the issue, despite the ground breaking work and legislative efforts of workplace bullying pioneers, David Yamada and Drs. Ruth and Gary Namie. The dismal fact for American workers is that the United States lags behind many other countries …

“O Controlo De Participações Qualificadas Em Instituições De Crédito Na Sequência Da Recente Reforma: Uma Primeira Aproximação” [The Control Of Qualifying Holdings In Credit Institutions Following The Recent Reforms: A First Look], Bruno Ferreira

Bruno Ferreira

No abstract provided.

The Expansion Of The Criminal Law Of The Enemy In The Us Legal System., Héctor Zayas Gutiérrez

Héctor Zayas Gutiérrez

The purposes of this presentation are to (1) elucidate main principles of the Criminal Law of the Enemy Theory, (2) explain how the criminal law of the enemy has been adopted and expanded in the US legal system, and (3) give a quick glimpse to some comparative law examples on the Criminal Law of the Enemy Theory applications. Criminal Law of the Enemy, Enemy Criminal Law, Derecho Penal del Enemigo.

Deconstructing Transnationalism: Conceptualizing Metanationalism As A Putative Model Of Evolving Jurisprudence, Paul Enríquez

Paul Enriquez

This Article builds upon Philip C. Jessup’s revolutionary scholarship to pave new pathways for interdisciplinary research and expand the normative constitutional framework of universal human problems. To that end, this Article ties American constitutional theory to the new era of international globalization and provides context that facilitates the discussion of racial and ethnic diversity in education from a domestic and international perspective. By arguing for compelling treatment of diversity in elementary and secondary learning institutions, this Article introduces a new theory of constitutional interpretation vis-à-vis international law. This theory, called metanationalism, rejects Harold Koh’s theory of transnationalism and demonstrates that …

Is Tax Law Culturally Specific? Lessons From The History Of Income Tax Law In Mandatory Palestine, Assaf Likhovski

Assaf Likhovski

Tax law is a technical area of law which does not seem to be culturally specific. It is thus seen as easily transferable between different societies and cultures. However, tax law is also based on definitions and notions which are not universal (the private sphere, the family, the gift etc.). So, is tax law universal or particular? Is it indeed easily transferable between different societies? And in what ways does tax law reflect ethnic or cultural rather than economic differences? This Article seeks to answer these questions by analyzing one specific example — the history of income tax legislation in …

Unifying The Field Of Comparative Judicial Politics: Towards A General Theory Of Judicial Behaviour, Arthur Dyevre

Arthur Dyevre

The field of judicial politics had long been neglected by political scientists outside the United States. But the past twenty years have witnessed considerable change. There is now a large body of scholarship on European courts and judges. And judicial politics is on its way to become a sub-field of comparative politics in its own right. Examining the models used in the literature, this article suggests that the geographical convergence is also bringing about theoretical convergence. One manifestation of theoretical convergence is that models of judicial decision-making once deemed inapplicable in Europe are now used in studies of European courts …

Galiza E Escocia: Unha Análise Comparativa, Antonio-Carlos Pereira-Menaut

Antonio-Carlos Pereira-Menaut

This paper compares the Spanish territorial scheme (autonomía) to the British one (Devolution). It also compares the specific cases of Scotland and Galicia, very different from one point of view but similar from other points of view

Insulating The Constitution: Yong Vui Kong V. Public Prosecutor [2010] Sgca 20, Aravind Ganesh

Aravind Ganesh

In May 2010, the Singapore Court of Appeal upheld the constitutionality of the mandatory death penalty in Yong Vui Kong v PP. This article does not deal with the propriety of mandatory death penalty laws, or of the death penalty broadly, but instead focuses on two novel pronouncements by the Court of Appeal. First, that customary international law not only has no legal validity in the domestic Singaporean legal sphere, but that it is also not to be treated as automatically incorporated into Singapore common law. Instead, a rule of customary international law can become part of Singapore law only …

Rights In Immigration: The Veil As A Test Case, Gila Stopler

Gila Stopler

Immigration often involves the migration of people of specific cultural and religious background to countries in which the predominant cultural and religious background is quite different. This may result in attempts by receiving countries to restrict the new immigrants' cultural and religious practices. The paper uses the debate surrounding the wearing of the veil in Europe as a test case for the way in which recognition rights may be affected by the process of immigration. First, the paper maintains that the balance of rights and interests involved in conflicts over immigrants' rights changes along the process of immigration, and divides …

Становление Республики Южная Осетия Как Самоопределившегося Государства, Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

Leonid G. Berlyavskiy

The Republic South Ossetia represents an example «the states in development», that is, formation being in a stage. The similar model of the Constitutional History is characteristic for State of Israel development in 30th years of the XX-th century and up to 1948, modern Palestin and other new state formations on space of the former USSR

Customary International Law In The 21st Century: Old Challenges And New Debates, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker

Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker

This Article will survey the new scholarship that has emerged in international law to challenge the two traditional sources of customary norms, state practice and opinio juris. With the recent growth, in the international system, of self-contained international criminal tribunals, new challenges facing international law have emerged. Institutionally structured as self-contained legal regimes, international legal tribunals such as the ICTY, ICTR, and now the ICC have nevertheless contributed to a new paradigm within international law. The jurisprudence of these international criminal tribunals, on a wide range of international legal questions, has slowly begun to be elevated into norms of customary …

R (On The Application Of E) (Respondent) V Governing Body Of Jfs And The Admissions Appeal Panel Of Jfs (Appellants) And Others (Case Note) [2009] Uksc 15, Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler

Dr. Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler

This case-note offers comparative perspectives on the UK Supreme Court’s judgment in the JFS case (alleged racially discriminatory school admissions policy) and the Israeli Supreme Court’s judgment in the Emanuel Haredi school case (alleged Ashkenazi/Sephardi segregation arrangements).

Miscarriage Of Chief Justice: Judicial Power And The Legal Complex In Pakistan Under Musharraf, Shoaib Ghias

Shoaib A. Ghias

This article explores the struggle for judicial power in Pakistan under Pervez Musharraf focusing on two questions. First, how did pro-Musharraf regime judges expand judicial power, leading to a confrontation with the regime? Second, how did the bar and the bench mobilize in the struggle for judicial power? The author shows how, instead of blindly supporting economic liberalization in a period of economic growth, the Supreme Court expanded power by scrutinizing questionable urban development, privatization, and deregulation measures in a virtuous cycle of public interest litigation. The author also describes how a politics of reciprocity explains the social mobilization of …

Contributory Negligence And Mitigation: Shall The Two Walk Together?, Dr. Yehuda Adar

Yehuda Adar Dr.

-This Article is in Hebrew-

This paper discusses and critically examines the close interrelations of two of the main defences to liability in damages for torts and breach of contract. After a careful analysis of the various similarities between the doctrines of contributory (or comparative) negligence and mitigation of damages, and the basic difference between the two, the article reaches the conclusion that there is no justification for the ongoing existence of the mitigation doctrine. It should be abolished, and the doctrine of comparative negligence should be adopted across the board in both tort law and contract law.

Legal Engineering In Israeli Law: Codification And Unification Of The Law Of Remedies, Dr. Yehuda Adar

Yehuda Adar Dr.

Legal engineering is the process of designing, constructing and finally implementing means to influence the development of a legal system. In Israel, a relatively young legal system, the concepts of legal engineering and comparative law are deeply interconnected. This interconnection is best reflected in the area of private law. The development of this area of the law, almost since the very inception of the State of Israel, has been characterized by a careful and attentive examination of foreign legal regimes, national and supra-national alike. This was done with the explicit intention of benefiting from the wisdom and experience of older, …

The Anglo-American Perspective On Freezing Injunctions, Masayuki Tamaruya

Masayuki Tamaruya

Freezing injunctions are pre-trial orders to restrain a defendant from dealing with his assets so as to forestall his attempt to frustrate the potential money judgment against him. Freezing injunctions have been adopted in most common law jurisdictions as an effective civil remedy to combat attempts by recalcitrant debtors or fraudsters to frustrate potential money judgments by use of ever faster methods of fund transfer. However, in Grupo Mexicano de Desarrollo SA v Alliance Bond Fund Inc, the US Supreme Court by a 5:4 judgment declared that the US District Court does not have the equitable jurisdiction to grant such …

Making European Tort Law: The Game And Its Players, Marta Infantino

Marta Infantino

In the last decades, building a common European tort law has become a primary goal for many European institutions and research groups. On the one hand, EU institutions frequently highlight the need of simplifying the current diversity in European tort law, and try to achieve this goal injecting the European legal framework with (so far quite incoherent) pieces of legislation. On the other hand, many research groups aim to enhance the Europanization process through means that are much differentiated one to the other. Some of these groups (like the European Group on Tort Law and the Study Group on a …