Other Engineering Commons^™

Machine Learning For Predicting Prosthetic Limb Movements, Jessica Alexandra Cegarra Arraiz

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis develops and evaluates a deep learning-based prediction model capable of identifying intended limb movement from surfaced electromyography (sEMG) signals using sequence learning techniques. sEMG signals change over time due to multiple factors such as muscle fatigue or user variability. Traditional prosthetics control methods rely on static feature extraction, ignoring how signals change over time, thereby limiting their ability to capture the temporal changes of muscle activity. As a result, these approaches often lead to poor accuracy, robustness, and generalization. Limited experimental validation has been conducted on sequence-based machine learning approaches using temporal sEMG data from publicly available datasets …

Computational Studies On The Major Antioxidant Enzymes Of Wuchereria Bancrofti Towards The Development Of Anti Filarial Leads, Sureshan M

Theses and Dissertations

Lymphatic filariasis (LF), or elephantiasis, is a mosquito-borne parasitic disease affecting the lymphatic system, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. It is the second leading cause of long-term disability and a neglected tropical disease. According to WHO, LF threatens 882 million people in 44 countries, with over 9 billion treatments administered. The disease is caused by three nematodes: Wuchereria bancrofti (90% of cases worldwide, including India), Brugia malayi (10% in Southeast and Eastern Asia), and Brugia timori (found in Timor and nearby islands). Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is an ancient disease that continues to challenge scientists and physicians. Current treatments include …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Adaptive Data-Driven Techniques For Disruption Prediction In Tokamak, Priyanka M

Theses and Dissertations

Tokamaks are nuclear fusion reactors designed to generate sustainable energy by confining plasma, yet plasma disruptions remain a major obstacle as they can damage reactor components and interrupt fusion reactions. Addressing this challenge requires reliable models that can classify plasma discharges and predict disruptions in advance. This thesis develops machine learning and deep learning approaches to improve both classification and forecasting.The first contribution is a semi-supervised active learning framework, Nearest Margin-Ranked Batch Mode Active Learning (NM-RBMAL), integrated with an ensemble model.

Unlike traditional classifiers that operate on static training data, this approach continuously adapts to new plasma conditions, reducing model …

Bioprospecting Of Wheat Straw Pyrolysis Aqueous Phase To Combat Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogens, Srividhya K

Theses and Dissertations

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) significantly contribute to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), primarily through the contamination of high-touch surfaces. Current disinfectants have drawbacks like high environmental persistence, ecotoxicity, and resistance development, prompting the need for environmentally friendly alternatives.

One potential approach is pyrolysis, during which the biomass components are broken down into solid, liquid, and pyro-gas. The aqueous phase of the liquid fraction is usually discarded as waste, but it contains a variety of organic compounds that have the potential for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The present study assessed the anti-infective and anti-biofilm properties of wheat straw pyrolysis …

Design & Development Of Efficient Biometric Authentication And Key Agreement Schemes For Wireless Body Area Network, Aarthi S

Theses and Dissertations

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) play a vital role in continuous health monitoring, where sensitive biometric and physiological data must be protected from privacy breaches and emerging quantum-based threats. Conventional security mechanisms are often inadequate due to resource constraints, scalability issues, and vulnerability to advanced attacks. To address these challenges, this research proposes a lightweight, scalable, and future-proof security framework tailored for WBAN applications, focusing on secure communication, privacy preservation, and quantum resilience.

An anonymous Certificate-Based Signcryption–Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement (CBS-MAKE) protocol is introduced to secure extra-body communications while ensuring patient anonymity. The protocol integrates Elliptic Curve Cryptography with …

Development Of Biodegradable Mg-1zn-0.5sc Alloy & Surface Treatment Through Laser Shock Peening And Evaluation Of Microstructure & Property Correlation For Orthopedic Implants, Parameshwari R

Theses and Dissertations

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are of much interest as promising third-generation bio-materials for bone implant applications; however, challenges remain for the alloy's mechanical integrity and bio-corrosion behaviour. Therefore, appropriate alloying elements and surface-modification techniques are required to overcome these limitations. Zinc (Zn) and Scandium (Sc) elements were found to have good biocompatibility and biodegradability; hence, they were selected as suitable alloying elements for magnesium.

This research work aims to enhance the mechanical integrity and bio-corrosion resistance behaviour of a novel Mg-1wt% Zn-0.5wt% Sc cast alloy by laser shock peening surface treatment with multiple passes (LSP-2 Pass and LSP-3 Pass). …

Experimental Investigation And Operating Characteristics Of Lhr Engine Using Bio-Fuel Blends With Additives, Suresh R

Theses and Dissertations

The huge energy demand and environmental anxiety are the reasons for the focus on the interest in alternative fuels for diesel engines. This has resulted in a worldwide search for renewable, less pollutant and agricultural-based alternate fuels. Also, attention is given to increasing the efficiency of a conventional diesel engine when operating on alternative fuels. The bio-fuel derived from non-edible oil such as Pongamia oil and Neem seed oil are suggested alternative fuels for this LHR engine.

Diesel engine combustion components viz., the piston crown and liner were coated with Aluminium Titanate thermal barrier coating material. The objective of this …

Design And Modelling Of Advanced Power Converter Control For Harmonics Suppression And Energy Management, Jayant Sharma S

Theses and Dissertations

The quality of electrical power plays a crucial role in both industrial and domestic sectors. This issue becomes even more critical in systems that incorporate power converter-based loads, which are commonly integrated at the grid connection point. Motor drives and grid-integrated electric vehicle (EV) charging stations belong to a category of non-linear loads that inherently introduce substantial harmonic distortion into the current drawn from AC mains. This harmonic distortion adversely affects power quality, potentially leading to overheating and malfunctions in sensitive equipment across the grid. Furthermore, the widespread adoption of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology for EV charging stations has surged …

A Framework To Harmonize Legal Provisions In Infrastructure Ppp Projects In Egypt Funded By Multilateral Development Banks, Menna Elkadi

Theses and Dissertations

Over the last decade, Egypt has witnessed an increase in the number of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects, specifically in infrastructure, as a result of the growing interest and popularity of various entities participating in such projects. Public infrastructure systems are no longer thought to be exclusively provided by the government; instead, the private sector’s contribution in the provision of such services is increasing. However, not every PPP program has been equally effective or has made the optimum use of planning and decision-making. The possibility of a project failure as a result of poor risk allocation is increased, if the potential …

Machine Learning-Driven Optimization For Utility-Scale Quantum Optimization, Bao Tran

Theses and Dissertations

Hard combinatorial optimization problems, often mapped to Ising models, promise potential solutions with quantum advantage but are constrained by limited qubit counts in near-term devices. We present an innovative quantum-inspired framework that dynamically compresses large Ising models to fit available quantum hardware of different sizes. Thus, we aim to bridge the gap between large-scale optimization and current hardware capabilities. Our method leverages a physics-inspired GNN architecture to capture complex interactions in Ising models and accurately predict alignments among neighboring spins (aka qubits) at ground states. By progressively merging such aligned spins, we can reduce the model size while preserving the …

Effect Of Laser Textured Surface With Different Patterns On Tribological Characteristics Of Bearing Material, Paul Joshua S

Theses and Dissertations

This research work determines the wear rate and friction characteristics of bearing material under different laser textured surface conditions. Chrome steels are used in bearings since they possess high strength and wear resistance. However, when those parts are in service, failure happens due to sliding friction before the lifetime. To improve the durability of the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 52100 chromium steel, in this work, the effect of laser surface texturing (LST) was analysed.

With the different pattern of circle, ellipse, groove and grid were produced on the sample surface, the wear behavior was investigated using the pin …

Generative Ai-Based Optimized Recommender System For Debt Collection Using Large Language Models, Keerthana S

Theses and Dissertations

Reducing the percentage of defaulters who often skip payments throughout the debt collection process might help minimize losses in the banking industry. The debt collection process should be optimized to reduce the rate of defaulters and improve collection rates. Traditional Machine Learning algorithms focused on credit risk analysis, defaulter prediction, and forecasting the recovery rate of debt collection. Researchers are not currently prioritizing the analysis of debt collectors’ performance. The debt collector’s primary responsibility is to retrieve outstanding debts from consumers on behalf of the debt collection firm.

Examining debt collectors’ performance is essential to enhance collection efficiency in the …

Integrating Gis And Ca-Markov Model To Study Urban Dynamics Of Salem, India In Terms Of Pattern, Intensity And Direction, Linda Theres B

Theses and Dissertations

Urban populations have grown substantially in the modern era and the information age as people seek better living prospects. Currently, more than half of the world's population resides in the cities. Such growth must be monitored to ensure that people enjoy the boons of urban spaces, not the banes. Recognising the significance of urban studies, several researchers have attempted to analyse and predict urban dynamics using remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems, and machine learning methods. However, certain limitations exist, especially in improving the CAMarkov model's prediction performance. In addition, studies have suggested that growth characteristics, such as pattern, intensity, and …

Experimental Investigations On Mechanical Wear And Corrosion Behaviour Of Sintered Atomet 4601 Based Hybrid Alloys, Palaksha Reddy K

Theses and Dissertations

Powder metallurgy enables the development of new materials to manufacture products for applications requiring unique properties. The present research initially investigates the mechanical and tribological behaviour of powder metallurgy alloys made from ATOMET 4601 prealloyed powder and varying amounts of elemental carbon (0, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%) as reinforcement. ATOMET 4601 is a high-strength, water-atomized prealloyed powder capable of being compressed to higher densities, with applications in producing near-net or net-shaped parts for the industrial field.

Mechanical behaviour studies on sinter-forged ATOMET 4601, ATOMET 4601+0.5C, and ATOMET 4601+1.0C alloy steels revealed increased hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength, with ATOMET …

Investigation On Production, Kinetic Modelling, Downstream Processing, And Characterization Of Microbial Dextran Using Sucrose-Rich Alternate Feedstocks, Sameeha Syed Ar

Theses and Dissertations

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) synthesized by microorganisms have a wide range of applications from thickener agents in the field of food to formulations in the field of pharmaceuticals. Owing to their rheological, structural, and physicochemical characteristics in addition to its biodegradability, low antigenicity, antioxidant activities, etc., several EPS have gained research focus in recent years. Dextran is one such example of EPS, which is synthesized by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). However, its production is limited to utilization of sucrose medium with a yield of 0.3-0.4 g dextran/ g sucrose. Hence, this thesis work focuses on dextran production using sucrose-rich alternate feedstocks …

Sustainable Valorization Of Woody And Herbaceous Biomass For Energy And Environmental Applications, Subramaniyasharma S

Theses and Dissertations

Pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion method to produce gas and liquid fuels from lignocellulosic biomass. This process involves the thermal decomposition of organic compounds without oxygen. The vapors formed are rapidly condensed to yield a liquid product called bio-oil and a solid product called biochar.

In the present study, Sesame indicum (SI) (herbaceous agro residue) and Prosopis julifora (PJ) (woody biomass weed) were chosen as feedstocks for the pyrolysis process and the respective solid and liquid products were collected and characterized. The proportion of biomass pyrolysis products is significantly influenced by biomass composition and process conditions such as temperature, heating …

Phosphorene As A Chemical Nanosensor For Volatile Organic Compound Vapours - A Dft Outlook, Saravanan S

Theses and Dissertations

Based on the density functional theory framework, the structural stability of phosphorene allotropes and its various nanostructures are ensured. The various allotropes of phosphorene and its nanostructures such as nanosheets, nanoribbon and nanotubes are used as adsorbing materials for various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as alcohols, chloroform, amines and aldehydes. The results of adsorption energy are used to confirm physisorption or chemisorption of VOCs on phosphorene. In addition, the charge transfer outcome suggests whether phosphorene is acting as acceptor or donor of electrons upon interaction of target VOCs.

The electronic attributes such as band structure, projected density of states …

Design And Development Of A Clinical Decision Support System For The Diagnosis Of Parkinson’S Disease Using Artificial Intelligence, Saravanan S

Theses and Dissertations

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological condition marked by motor symptoms like tremors, bradykinesia, and stiffness. It is observed that early and precise diagnosis of this disease is crucial, as that will have a significant impact on effective disease management and intervention. This thesis explores the technical feasibility of applying AI techniques to recognize patterns from spiral and wave drawings, which are usually a unique signature type for PD patients.

The focus of the work is to diagnose the disease through novel deep transfer learning techniques, to diagnose the severity of the disease, and also to develop effective model …

Investigating The Fatigue Life Of Asymmetric And Novel Helical Gear Drives, Rajesh S

Theses and Dissertations

The present research work investigates the contact and bending fatigue life of asymmetric helical gear and novel helical gear based on the finite element analysis. In the first phase, the contact and bending fatigue life of the asymmetric helical gear drives is estimated based on the strain life approach.

Further, a parametric study is carried out to investigate the influence of important helical gear parameters such as module, pressure angle, helix angle, gear ratio, teeth number and face width on contact and bending fatigue life of asymmetric helical gear drives. It is noted that the asymmetric helical gear shows a …

Academic Success In First-Year Engineering Students At Private Higher Education Institutions In Egypt: Key Factors, Wassim Alexan

Theses and Dissertations

This research aimed to identify the key factors contributing to the success of first-year engineering students at private higher education institutions (HEIs) in Egypt. It specifically examined how various independent variables influence the success of these students, measured as the dependent variable. By analyzing these relationships, the study seeks to pinpoint key success factors (KSFs) for first year engineering students in this specific educational context. The research work employed a mixed methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative analysis involved collecting data through a survey administered to a sample of first year engineering students at private …

Design Of An Integrated System For The Protection Of Patient Health Information In Medical Images, Manikandan V

Theses and Dissertations

Electronic clinical data such as Patient Health Information (PHI) is stored by adapting the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard to build an integrated healthcare system where medical images from various sources can be interlinked. The healthcare industry poses a threat from hackers, and the information fetched by hackers provides more money than the other information stolen. This thesis deals with designing and analysing encryption algorithms, key generation mechanisms, and information-hiding schemes for protecting PHI.

Sensitive multimedia information of all forms is encrypted, with a key, before storage and transmission to protect it from illegal use and manipulation …

Demand Response And Peer-To-Peer Energy Trading For Residential Microgrid, Kanakadhurga D

Theses and Dissertations

Demand Side Management (DSM) is vital in handling uncertain renewable power generation and demand in a deregulated power system. The flat load profile can be obtained using the Demand Response (DR) techniques with the storage elements and proper switching. The increasing penetration of renewable-based distributed generation (DGs), batteries, and electric vehicles (EVs) supports the DR measures that facilitate utility and consumer.

This research aims to minimize the peak demand, electricity cost, and emission rate by effectively utilizing the storage with Renewable Energy Sources (RES). The first specific aim of the research objective focuses on the impact of DR implementation, DGs …

Amazon Fba Vs Fbm; A Strategic Approach To Determine Which Method Can Effectively Utilize Project Management Principles To Enhance Your Success As A New Amazon Seller., Tiffany Renee White

Theses and Dissertations

Navigating the complexities of a platform such as Amazon demands a strategic approach guided by project management principles. A comparative analysis of Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) and Fulfillment by Merchant (FBM) methods were completed by focusing on how project management principles optimize product acquisition, supply chain management, and shipping methods for Amazon sellers. The objectives of this study included the identification of top product acquisition tools, the evaluation of inventory management software, assessing shipping methods, and determining the most effective fulfillment process for Amazon seller success. A mixed-methods approach was applied, involving an Amazon seller survey, literature review, data analysis, …

Techno-Economic Analysis Of Solar Pv Systems Under Various Environmental Conditions, Ramkiran B

Theses and Dissertations

World Energy Council has predicted that the global electricity demand will peak in 2030. The need for renewable energy has grown rapidly due to the rising energy demand in this ever-growing population. Green house gas emissions are predominantly due to the energy generation and consumption of fossil fuels. On the other hand, fossil fuels supply nearly 74% of India's energy demand, making India one of the world's largest coal consumers.

According to World Resource Institute, India ranks fourth in the world in terms of carbon emissions. Investments in renewable energy sources and energy-saving technologies should be part of a solution …

Development Of Monitoring Systems Using Computer Vision Techniques For Precise Fish Farming, Abinaya N.S

Theses and Dissertations

Fish farm is a biosystem with diversity and uncertainties demanding, an intelligent manual monitoring process, which is labor-intensive, invasive, costly, discontinuous, and persistent. The proposed work aims to develop Computer Vision (CV) -based monitoring techniques for precise fish farming to address these problems. Three major monitoring operations namely (i) Fish behavior analysis, (ii) Fish Classification (FC) and (iii) Biomass estimation have been investigated.

Fish schooling activity has been monitored using an overhead vision camera. Problems associated with fish occlusion are addressed using the weighted K-means clustering technique which provides an accurate estimation of fish school locations. Temporal variations of these …

Mechanical And Electromagnetic Properties Of Incorporating Graphene Oxide In Cementitious Mixtures, Cherif Khalil

Theses and Dissertations

This multidisciplinary study aimed at investigating the impact of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties and electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness of cementitious mixtures, as well as critically examining the mechanism with which GO affects their microstructure properties. Analysis of the literature review showed that there are discrepancies in reporting the impact of GO on the mortar mix. Consequently, this study focuses on exploring the cause for such discrepancies and identifies three main factors which are thoroughly investigated. The factors were the different sonication energies applied to the GO (Shear Mixing, 1.5 kJ/ml, 3 kJ/ml and 6 kJ/ml), the …

Investigation Of Machine Learning Driven Adaptive Control Strategy For Heat Exchanger Under Varying Fouling Conditions, Reshma Madhu Pk

Theses and Dissertations

Fouling is an undesirable and inevitable phenomenon that affects Heat Exchanger (HE) dynamics, increases maintenance cost (>50%), and loss of production. Conventional fouling prediction and control techniques demand an in-depth understanding of the HE-specific fouling dynamics. Hence, machine learning emerges as an ideal tool for learning the fouling process from the available measurement dataset.

The proposed work aims to design a machine learning-driven adaptive control technique for an industrial HE, subjected to varying fouling conditions. Naphtha cooler, an industrial HE utilized in petroleum refineries, employs cooling water to lower Naphtha temperature, but the high impurities in the recycled cooling …

Shape Inverse Prediction Of Magnetic Field-Actuated Soft Robots By Neural Network Machine Learning, Lineth J. Perez Monsalve

Theses and Dissertations

Soft robotics has drawn tremendous interest in recent years because the compliance and motion of soft robotics enable biocompatibility and versatility for many applications, such as human-machine interaction, wearable and assistive devices, and health monitoring. This study introduces a novel predictive modeling approach using neural networks for shape control of magnetic soft robots. The robots are made of silicone materials embedded with hard magnetic particles, which respond to the external magnetic field provided by a ring-type of permanent magnet. These robots, free from physical connections to external devices, i.e., non-tethered actuation, hold significant potential for applications in healthcare, such as …

Mechanical Characterization Of Functionally Graded M300 Maraging Steel Cellular Structures, Bradley Jay Sampson

Theses and Dissertations

Traditional methods for increasing the energy absorption of a structure involve using a stronger material or increasing the volume of the structure, resulting in a higher cost or additional weight. Additive manufacturing (AM) can be used to maximize the energy absorption of materials with the ability to create complex geometries such as cellular structures. Previous work has shown that the energy absorption of additively manufactured parts can be improved through functionally graded cellular structures; however, this strategy has not been applied to ultra-high strength steel materials. This work characterizes the effect of multiple functional-grading strategies (e.g. uniform, rod-graded, size-graded) on …

Underwater Image Enhancement: A Pipeline For Underwater Computer Visions, Humberto Lebron Rivera

Theses and Dissertations

Ocean exploration has surged in popularity and significance in recent years, including diverse areas like maritime archeology, underwater resources, and submerged structure inspection. The activities mentioned above heavily depend on vision and imagery, a challenge in the unpredictable marine world. This thesis presents a conditional generative adversarial network model for image-to-image translation problems. We designed and trained the model with the end goal of enhancing underwater images. Five metrics were employed for validation to quantify our model’s resulting enhanced images. By doing so, we aim to establish a pipeline that can leverage aerial computer vision algorithms for marine applications.

Our …