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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Hydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, And Methane Adsorption Potential On Jordanian Organic-Rich Source Rocks: Implications For Underground H2 Storage And Retrieval, Amer Alanazi, Hussein Rasool Abid, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Ali, Alireza Keshavarz, Volker Vahrenkamp, Stefan Iglauer, Hussein Hoteit
Hydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, And Methane Adsorption Potential On Jordanian Organic-Rich Source Rocks: Implications For Underground H2 Storage And Retrieval, Amer Alanazi, Hussein Rasool Abid, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Ali, Alireza Keshavarz, Volker Vahrenkamp, Stefan Iglauer, Hussein Hoteit
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Hydrogen (H2) storage in geological formations offers a potential large-scale solution suitable for an industrial-scale hydrogen economy. However, the presence of organic residuals can significantly influence the H2 storage efficiency, as well as cushion gas performance, such as CO2 and CH4, injected to maintain healthy reservoir pressure. Thus, the H2 storage efficiency and cushion gas selectivity were thoroughly investigated in this work based on H2, CO2, and CH4 adsorption measurements using, for the first time, actual organic-rich carbonate-rich Jordanian source rock samples (TOC = 13 % to 18 …
Hydrogen Storage In Depleted Gas Reservoirs: A Comprehensive Review, Nasiru S. Muhammed, Md Bashirul Haq, Dhafer A. Al Shehri, Amir Al-Ahmed, Mohammad M. Rahman, Ehsan Zaman, Stefan Iglauer
Hydrogen Storage In Depleted Gas Reservoirs: A Comprehensive Review, Nasiru S. Muhammed, Md Bashirul Haq, Dhafer A. Al Shehri, Amir Al-Ahmed, Mohammad M. Rahman, Ehsan Zaman, Stefan Iglauer
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Hydrogen future depends on large-scale storage, which can be provided by geological formations (such as caverns, aquifers, and depleted oil and gas reservoirs) to handle demand and supply changes, a typical hysteresis of most renewable energy sources. Amongst them, depleted natural gas reservoirs are the most cost-effective and secure solutions due to their wide geographic distribution, proven surface facilities, and less ambiguous site evaluation. They also require less cushion gas as the native residual gases serve as a buffer for pressure maintenance during storage. However, there is a lack of thorough understanding of this technology. This work aims to provide …
Modeling The Production Of Microalgal Biomass In Large Water Resource Recovery Facilities And Its Processing Into Various Commodity Bioproducts, James Pierson, Gopi Raju Makkena, Sandeep Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Hasan Husain, Muhammad Ayser, Venkatesh Balan
Modeling The Production Of Microalgal Biomass In Large Water Resource Recovery Facilities And Its Processing Into Various Commodity Bioproducts, James Pierson, Gopi Raju Makkena, Sandeep Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Hasan Husain, Muhammad Ayser, Venkatesh Balan
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Algae are capable of sequestering nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates from wastewater in the presence of sunlight and carbon dioxide (CO2) to build up their body mass and help combat climate change. In the current study, we carried out different case studies to estimate the volume of algal biomass that could be produced annually using the rotating algal biofilm (RAB) method in three large-scale water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) in Texas: Fort Worth, Dallas, and Houston. We calculated the total amount of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins that could be fractionated from the algal biomass while using the …
Correlating The Macrostructural Variations Of An Ion Gel With Its Carbon Dioxide Sorption Capacity, Tung Nguyen,, Mona Bavarian, Siamak Nejati
Correlating The Macrostructural Variations Of An Ion Gel With Its Carbon Dioxide Sorption Capacity, Tung Nguyen,, Mona Bavarian, Siamak Nejati
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
We report on a direct correlation between the macroscale structural variations and the gas sorption capacities of an ion gel. Here, we chose 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([Emim][TF2N]) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) as the ionic liquid and host polymer, respectively. The CO2 sorption in the thin films of the IL-polymer was measured using the gravimetric method. The results of our experiment showed that the trend in CO2 uptake of these mixtures was nonlinearly correlated with the content of IL. Here, we highlight that the variations in the molecular structure of the polymers were the main reason behind …
Effect Of Bromoform And Linseed Oil On Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Stored Beef Manure, Andrew Ortiz Balsero, Mara Zelt, Amy Millmier Schmidt, Miguel Fudolig, Daniel N. Miller
Effect Of Bromoform And Linseed Oil On Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Stored Beef Manure, Andrew Ortiz Balsero, Mara Zelt, Amy Millmier Schmidt, Miguel Fudolig, Daniel N. Miller
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide – potent greenhouse gases - from stored beef feedlot manure are a significant concern relative to climate change. Research on methane reduction strategies for enteric emissions has identified the application of organic additives, such as bromoform and linseed oil, to ruminant diets as potential solutions for reducing enteric emissions and pathogenic bacteria in excreted manure. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bromoform and linseed oil on greenhouse gas emissions from beef feedlot manure, and on E. coli concentration in beef cattle manure, during a 5-week storage period. …
Calcium Ferrite As A Semiconductor For Microbially Assisted Photocatalytic Reduction Of Carbon Dioxide, Lauren King
Calcium Ferrite As A Semiconductor For Microbially Assisted Photocatalytic Reduction Of Carbon Dioxide, Lauren King
Honors Scholar Theses
The pressing issue of global climate change has been found to be attributed to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide. One mitigation idea to close the carbon loop is to utilize redox reactions and photocatalysis to reduce carbon dioxide to a useable fuel source, like methane or methanol. This thesis will study the possibility of using calcium ferrite as the semiconductor to perform photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with the assistance of a microbial fuel cell, which will help minimize the energy required from sunlight photons. A calcium ferrite thin film was produced through …
Recent Advancements In Electrochemical Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide, Nandan Nag, Amit Kumar, Sumit Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Amit K. Thakur
Recent Advancements In Electrochemical Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide, Nandan Nag, Amit Kumar, Sumit Sharma, Sandeep Kumar, Amit K. Thakur
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into eco-friendly and clean products is a promising approach to eradicate pollution. Although carbon dioxide emission is inhibited by the advent of renewable sources of energy, it is present in the atmosphere and needs to be cleaned. The reduction of carbon dioxide from atmospheric gases can be accomplished by its adsorption and subsequent transportation to electrolytic chambers, where it is reduced to hydrocarbons, organic acids or carbonates. This review focuses on developing a three compartment electrochemical cell to reduce carbon dioxide used as a catholyte. Various factors affecting the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and …
Multi-Vendor And Multisite Evaluation Of Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping Using Hypercapnia Challenge, Peiying Liu, Dengrong Jiang, Marilyn Albert, Christopher E. Bauer, Arvind Caprihan, Brian T. Gold, Steven M. Greenberg, Karl G. Helmer, Kay Jann, Gregory A. Jicha, Pavel Rodriguez, Claudia L Satizabal, Sudha Seshadri, Herpreet Singh, Jeffrey F. Thompson, Danny J. J. Wang, Hanzhang Lu
Multi-Vendor And Multisite Evaluation Of Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping Using Hypercapnia Challenge, Peiying Liu, Dengrong Jiang, Marilyn Albert, Christopher E. Bauer, Arvind Caprihan, Brian T. Gold, Steven M. Greenberg, Karl G. Helmer, Kay Jann, Gregory A. Jicha, Pavel Rodriguez, Claudia L Satizabal, Sudha Seshadri, Herpreet Singh, Jeffrey F. Thompson, Danny J. J. Wang, Hanzhang Lu
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), which measures the ability of cerebral blood vessels to dilate or constrict in response to vasoactive stimuli such as CO2 inhalation, is an important index of the brain's vascular health. Quantification of CVR using BOLD MRI with hypercapnia challenge has shown great promises in research and clinical studies. However, in order for it to be used as a potential imaging biomarker in large-scale and multi-site studies, the reliability of CO2-CVR quantification across different MRI acquisition platforms and researchers/raters must be examined. The goal of this report from the MarkVCID small vessel disease biomarkers consortium is to evaluate …
Date Palm Waste Pyrolysis Into Biochar For Carbon Dioxide Adsorption, Imen Ben Salem, Mariam Badawi Saleh, Jibran Iqbal, Maisa El Gamal, Suhaib Hameed
Date Palm Waste Pyrolysis Into Biochar For Carbon Dioxide Adsorption, Imen Ben Salem, Mariam Badawi Saleh, Jibran Iqbal, Maisa El Gamal, Suhaib Hameed
All Works
Mitigation of CO2 is a very popular research currently, it is ultimately beneficial to find new ways that are sustainable, low cost and gas emission friendly. Therefore, with biochar’s characteristics and properties it has great potential to be used as a CO2 capture and storage media. The objectives of reducing palm waste by using the low-cost, sustainable method for reducing and storing CO2, characterize the DPL biochar through FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and then evaluate the efficiency of the date palm leaf waste biochar in adsorbing CO2 through the Gas–Solid analyzer technology. Date palm leaf was set in pyrolysis process …
Review On Carbon Dioxide Utilization For Cycloaddition Of Epoxides By Ionic Liquid-Modified Hybrid Catalysts: Effect Of Influential Parameters And Mechanisms Insight, Jimmy Nelson Appaturi, Rajabathar. Jothi Ramalingam, Muthu Kumaran Gnanamani, Govindasami Periyasami, Prabhakarn Arunachalam, Rohana Adnan, Farook Adam, Mohammed D. Wasmiah, Hamad A. Al‐Lohedan
Review On Carbon Dioxide Utilization For Cycloaddition Of Epoxides By Ionic Liquid-Modified Hybrid Catalysts: Effect Of Influential Parameters And Mechanisms Insight, Jimmy Nelson Appaturi, Rajabathar. Jothi Ramalingam, Muthu Kumaran Gnanamani, Govindasami Periyasami, Prabhakarn Arunachalam, Rohana Adnan, Farook Adam, Mohammed D. Wasmiah, Hamad A. Al‐Lohedan
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications
The storage, utilization, and control of the greenhouse (CO2) gas is a topic of interest for researchers in academia and society. The present review article is dedicating to cover the overall role of ionic liquid-modified hybrid materials in cycloaddition reactions. Special emphasis is on the synthesis of various cyclic carbonate using ionic liquid-based modified catalysts. Catalytic activity studies have discussed with respect to process conditions and their effects on conversion and product selectivity for the reaction of cycloaddition of CO2 with styrene oxide. The reaction temperature and the partial pressure of CO2 have found to play …
Synthesis And Catalytic Properties Of Metal-Organic Frameworks Mimicking Carbonic Anhydrase, Longji Li
Synthesis And Catalytic Properties Of Metal-Organic Frameworks Mimicking Carbonic Anhydrase, Longji Li
Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
The natural enzyme carbonic anhydrase has gained attention in recent years for its ability to catalyze the interconversion of aqueous carbon dioxide (CO2) and bicarbonate. However, it lacks the efficiency to qualify practical usage on a large scale due to its inherent deficiency and fragile nature. On the other hand, its active center can be used as an ideal model for the design of novel catalytic materials targeting carbon dioxide capture and sequestration. This study focused on the synthesis of a zinc-based metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF-1) mimicking the carbonic anhydrase using the solvothermal method. Important properties such as catalytic …
The Temporal And Spatial Dynamics Of Fluvial Carbon Cycling In Irish Blanket Peatland Pools And Soils, Mariya Radomski
The Temporal And Spatial Dynamics Of Fluvial Carbon Cycling In Irish Blanket Peatland Pools And Soils, Mariya Radomski
Doctoral
Blanket peatlands in Ireland are reservoirs of organic matter and have effects on carbon dioxide (CO2) flux regulation. Data on dissolved CO2 in Ireland is limited. In blanket peatlands, the drainage systems are well connected with pools, hummocks and lawns and this connectivity leads to significant variations in outflows of carbon. The excess carbon dioxide in blanket peatlands could originate from soil organic matter decomposition. Dissolved CO2 could be transported into pools via surface run-off and lateral throughflow. Peatland pools are typically supersaturated in CO2. As part of a project described in this thesis, the role of spatial and seasonal …
Impact Of Cognitive Tasks On Co2 And Isoprene Emissions From Humans, Elliott T. Gall, Asit Kumar Mishra, Jiayu Li, Stefano Schiavon, Aurelie Laguerre
Impact Of Cognitive Tasks On Co2 And Isoprene Emissions From Humans, Elliott T. Gall, Asit Kumar Mishra, Jiayu Li, Stefano Schiavon, Aurelie Laguerre
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
The human body emits a wide range of chemicals, including CO2 and isoprene. To examine the impact of cognitive tasks on human emission rates of CO2 and isoprene, we conducted an across-subject, counterbalanced study in a controlled chamber involving 16 adults. The chamber replicated an office environment. In groups of four, participants engaged in 30 min each of cognitive tasks (stressed activity) and watching nature documentaries (relaxed activity). Measured biomarkers indicated higher stress levels were achieved during the stressed activity. Per-person CO2 emission rates were greater for stressed than relaxed activity (30.3 ± 2.1 vs 27.0 ± 1.7 g/h/p, p …
Analysis Of Individual Molecular Dynamics Snapshots Simulating Wetting Of Surfaces Using Spheroidal Geometric Constructions, Aleksandr Abramov, Stefan Iglauer
Analysis Of Individual Molecular Dynamics Snapshots Simulating Wetting Of Surfaces Using Spheroidal Geometric Constructions, Aleksandr Abramov, Stefan Iglauer
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
Accurate characterization of wettability of minerals is important for efficient oil recovery and carbon geosequestration. In studies where molecular dynamics simulations are used to compute the contact angle, emphasis is often placed on results or theoretical details of the simulations themselves, overlooking potentially applicable methodologies for determination of the contact angle. In this manuscript, a concept of a method utilizing spheroidal geometric constructions to estimate the contact angle of a water droplet on a silica surface in carbon dioxide atmosphere is outlined and applied to the final snapshots of two molecular dynamics simulation runs. Two carbon dioxide pressures and two …
Beneficial Reuse Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using A Microalgae Photobioreactor: Waste Heat Utilization Assessment, Daniel T. Mohler, Michael H. Wilson, Zhen Fan, John G. Groppo, Mark Crocker
Beneficial Reuse Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using A Microalgae Photobioreactor: Waste Heat Utilization Assessment, Daniel T. Mohler, Michael H. Wilson, Zhen Fan, John G. Groppo, Mark Crocker
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications
Microalgae are a potential means of recycling CO2 from industrial point sources. With this in mind, a novel photobioreactor (PBR) was designed and deployed at a coal-fired power plant. To ascertain the feasibility of using waste heat from the power plant to heat algae cultures during cold periods, two heat transfer models were constructed to quantify PBR cooling times. The first, which was based on tabulated data, material properties and the physical orientation of the PBR tubes, yielded a range of heat transfer coefficients of 19–64 W m−2 K−1 for the PBR at wind speeds of 1–10 …
Application Of The Clayff And The Dreiding Force Fields For Modeling Of Alkylated Quartz Surfaces, Aleksandr Abramov, Stefan Iglauer
Application Of The Clayff And The Dreiding Force Fields For Modeling Of Alkylated Quartz Surfaces, Aleksandr Abramov, Stefan Iglauer
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
To extend applicability and to overcome limitations of combining rules for nonbond potential parameters, in this study, CLAYFF and DREIDING force fields are coupled at the level of atomic site charges to model quartz surfaces with chemisorpt hydrocarbons. Density functional theory and Bader charge analysis are applied to calculate charges of atoms of the OC bond connecting a quartz crystal and an alkyl group. The study demonstrates that the hydrogen atom of the quartz surface hydroxyl group can be removed and its charge can be redistributed among the oxygen and carbon atoms of the OC bond in a manner consistent …
Wettability Of Fully Hydroxylated And Alkylated (001) Α-Quartz Surface In Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere, Aleksandr Abramov, Alireza Keshavarz, Stefan Iglauer
Wettability Of Fully Hydroxylated And Alkylated (001) Α-Quartz Surface In Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere, Aleksandr Abramov, Alireza Keshavarz, Stefan Iglauer
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
Wettability of alkylated quartz surfaces is of primary importance in several technological applications, including the development of oil and gas reservoirs and carbon geo-sequestration. It is intuitively understood and experimentally confirmed that hydroxylated quartz surfaces are hydrophilic. By gradually saturating a hydroxylated (001) α-quartz surface with pentyl groups, we show using molecular dynamics simulations that the surface can also exhibit extreme hydrophobicity. Within a range of surface pentyl group density from 0.29 to 3.18/nm2, the contact angle of a water droplet under 10 MPa pressure of carbon dioxide at 300 K changes from 10–20 to 180°. This study …
Effect Of Pretreatment Process On Scale Formation In The Re-Boiler Section Of Monoethylene Glycol Regeneration Plant, Ammar Al Helal, Adam Soames, Stefan Iglauer, Ahmed Barifcani, Rolf Gubner
Effect Of Pretreatment Process On Scale Formation In The Re-Boiler Section Of Monoethylene Glycol Regeneration Plant, Ammar Al Helal, Adam Soames, Stefan Iglauer, Ahmed Barifcani, Rolf Gubner
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
Monoethylene glycol (MEG) regeneration plants often use pretreatment vessels to precipitate divalent cations, such as Fe2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, in order to avoid or reduce fouling in downstream reboilers and heat exchangers. This pretreatment process operates under alkaline conditions and moderate temperatures (~ 80 °C) to accelerate the formation of low-solubility divalent salts. The objective of the present research was to determine whether the pretreatment process could be minimized, without negatively impacts on the MEG regeneration process from to the formation of scale on the heater bundle in the presence of low concentrations of …
Lipid Extraction From Spirulina Sp. And Schizochytrium Sp. Using Supercritical Co2 With Methanol, Shihong Liu, Husam A. Abu Hajar, Guy Riefler, Ben J. Stuart
Lipid Extraction From Spirulina Sp. And Schizochytrium Sp. Using Supercritical Co2 With Methanol, Shihong Liu, Husam A. Abu Hajar, Guy Riefler, Ben J. Stuart
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
Microalgae are one of the most promising feedstocks for biodiesel production due to their high lipid content and easy farming. However, the extraction of lipids from microalgae is energy intensive and costly and involves the use of toxic organic solvents. Compared with organic solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 (SCCO2) has demonstrated advantages through lower toxicity and no solvent-liquid separation. Due to the nonpolar nature of SCCO2, polar organic solvents such as methanol may need to be added as a modifier in order to increase the extraction ability of SCCO2. In this paper, pilot scale lipid …
A Reference High-Pressure Co2 Adsorption Isotherm For Ammonium Zsm-5 Zeolite: Results Of An Interlaboratory Study, H. G.T. Nguyen, L. Espinal, R. D. Van Zee, M. Thommes, B. Toman, M. S.L. Hudson, E. Mangano, S. Brandani, D. P. Broom, M. J. Benham, K. Cychosz, P. Bertier, F. Yang, B. M. Krooss, R. L. Siegelman, M. Hakuman, K. Nakai, A. D. Ebner, L. Erden, J. A. Ritter, A. Moran, Orhan Talu, Y. Huang, K. S. Walton, P. Billemont, G. De Weireld
A Reference High-Pressure Co2 Adsorption Isotherm For Ammonium Zsm-5 Zeolite: Results Of An Interlaboratory Study, H. G.T. Nguyen, L. Espinal, R. D. Van Zee, M. Thommes, B. Toman, M. S.L. Hudson, E. Mangano, S. Brandani, D. P. Broom, M. J. Benham, K. Cychosz, P. Bertier, F. Yang, B. M. Krooss, R. L. Siegelman, M. Hakuman, K. Nakai, A. D. Ebner, L. Erden, J. A. Ritter, A. Moran, Orhan Talu, Y. Huang, K. S. Walton, P. Billemont, G. De Weireld
Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications
© 2018, The Author(s). This paper reports the results of an international interlaboratory study led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on the measurement of high-pressure surface excess carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms on NIST Reference Material RM 8852 (ammonium ZSM-5 zeolite), at 293.15 K (20 °C) from 1 kPa up to 4.5 MPa. Eleven laboratories participated in this exercise and, for the first time, high-pressure adsorption reference data are reported using a reference material. An empirical reference equation nex=d(1+exp[(-ln(P)+a)/b])c, [nex-surface excess uptake (mmol/g), P-equilibrium pressure (MPa), a = −6.22, b = 1.97, c = 4.73, and d …
Thermal Removal Of Carbon Dioxide From The Atmosphere: Energy Requirements And Scaling Issues, Ted Von Hippel
Thermal Removal Of Carbon Dioxide From The Atmosphere: Energy Requirements And Scaling Issues, Ted Von Hippel
Publications
I conduct a systems-level study of direct air capture of CO2 using techniques from thermal physics. This system relies on a combination of an efficient heat exchanger, radiative cooling, and refrigeration, all at industrial scale and operated in environments at low ambient temperatures. While technological developments will be required for such a system to operate efficiently, those developments rest on a long history of refrigeration expertise and technology, and they can be developed and tested at modest scale. I estimate that the energy required to remove CO2 via this approach is comparable to direct air capture by other techniques. The …
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Beef Feedlot Surface Materials As Affected By Diet, Moisture, Temperature, And Time, Bryan L. Woodbury, John E. Gilley, David B. Parker, Bobbi S. Stomer
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Beef Feedlot Surface Materials As Affected By Diet, Moisture, Temperature, And Time, Bryan L. Woodbury, John E. Gilley, David B. Parker, Bobbi S. Stomer
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
A laboratory study was conducted to measure the effects of diet, moisture, temperature, and time on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from feedlot surface materials (FSM). The FSM were collected from open-lot pens where beef cattle were fed either a dry-rolled corn (DRC) diet containing no wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) or a DRC diet containing 35% WDGS. The FSM were collected, air-dried or mixed with 3.0 L of water to represent dry or wet conditions, and then incubated at temperatures of 5°C, 15°C, 25°C, or 35°C. Static flux chambers were used to quantify GHG emissions over a 14-day period. …
Ammonia And Carbon Dioxide Emissions Of Three Laying-Hen Housing Systems As Affected By Manure Accumulation Time, Timothy A. Shepherd, Hongwei Xin, John P. Stinn, Morgan D. Hayes, Yang Zhao, Hong Li
Ammonia And Carbon Dioxide Emissions Of Three Laying-Hen Housing Systems As Affected By Manure Accumulation Time, Timothy A. Shepherd, Hongwei Xin, John P. Stinn, Morgan D. Hayes, Yang Zhao, Hong Li
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Laying-hen housing design and management are the most significant factors affecting the generation and release of gaseous ammonia to the atmosphere. Transitioning the hen housing type from traditional high-rise (where manure is stored within the house for about one year) to modern manure-belt style (where manure is removed every 1 to 4 d and placed into long-term storage) has significantly improved in-barn air quality and reduced farm-level ammonia emissions. As a direct result of the advantages, 100% of new construction for U.S. egg production incorporates manure-belt systems that regularly remove manure from the houses. However, manure-belt system designs (e.g., active …
Capture And Recycle Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using Mircoalgae, Michael H. Wilson, Daniel T. Mohler, John G. Groppo, Thomas E. Grubbs, Stephanie Kesner, E. Molly Frazar, Aubrey Shea, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Mark Crocker
Capture And Recycle Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using Mircoalgae, Michael H. Wilson, Daniel T. Mohler, John G. Groppo, Thomas E. Grubbs, Stephanie Kesner, E. Molly Frazar, Aubrey Shea, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Mark Crocker
Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications
A novel cyclic flow photobioreactor (PBR) for the capture and recycle of CO2 using microalgae was designed and deployed at a coal-fired power plant (Duke Energy’s East Bend Station). The PBR was operated continuously during the period May–September 2015, during which algae productivity of typically 0.1–0.2 g/(L day) was obtained. Maximum CO2 capture efficiency was achieved during peak sunlight hours, the largest recorded CO2 emission reduction corresponding to a value of 81 % (using a sparge time of 5 s/min). On average, CO2 capture efficiency during daylight hours was 44 %. The PBR at East Bend …
Identifying The Presence Of Amd-Derived Soil Co₂ In Field Investigations Using Isotope Ratios, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Moagabo Mathiba, Fred J. Baldassare
Identifying The Presence Of Amd-Derived Soil Co₂ In Field Investigations Using Isotope Ratios, Kwame Awuah-Offei, Moagabo Mathiba, Fred J. Baldassare
Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Recent incidents of hazardous accumulations of CO2 in homes on or adjacent to reclaimed mine land have been shown to be linked to neutralization reactions between acidic mine drainage and carbonate material. An efficient and economic method is necessary to identify the presence of acid mine drainage- (AMD-) derived CO2 on reclaimed mine land, prior to construction. One approach to identify the presence of AMD-derived CO2 is to characterize stable carbon isotope ratios of soil CO2. To do so, a viable method is necessary to acquire soil gas samples for isotope ratio analysis. This paper …
Application Of Recycled Media And Algae-Based Anaerobic Digestate In Scenedesmus Cultivation, Xinyi E, Czarena Crofcheck, Mark Crocker
Application Of Recycled Media And Algae-Based Anaerobic Digestate In Scenedesmus Cultivation, Xinyi E, Czarena Crofcheck, Mark Crocker
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
To make large-algae cultivation systems sustainable, commercial fertilizer inputs should be minimized. One means of achieving this is to maximize the recycle of nutrients used in algae cultivation. In addition to recycling nutrient-containing water from algae harvesting and dewatering, after harvesting algal biomass can be used as a substrate for anaerobic digestion, which can then generate mineralized nutrients to be used for further cultivation. In this study, the effect of recycling media and using mineralized nutrients during Scenedesmus cultivation was investigated. The recycled media proved to be able to support cell growth with nutrient replenishment, and it could be recycled …
Real-Time Monitoring Of Personal Exposures To Carbon Dioxide, Elliott T. Gall, Toby Cheung, Irvan Luhung, Stefano Schiavon, William W. Nazaroff
Real-Time Monitoring Of Personal Exposures To Carbon Dioxide, Elliott T. Gall, Toby Cheung, Irvan Luhung, Stefano Schiavon, William W. Nazaroff
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Elevated indoor CO2 levels are indicative of insufficient ventilation in occupied spaces and correlate with elevated concentrations of pollutants of indoor origin. Adverse health and well-being outcomes associated with elevated indoor CO2 levels are based on CO2 as a proxy, although some emerging evidence suggests CO2 itself may impact human cognition. Using portable monitors, we conducted an exposure study with 16 subjects in Singapore to understand the levels, dynamics and influencing factors of personal exposure to CO2. Participants carried a CO2 monitor continuously for 7-day periods recording their exposure levels at 1-min intervals. …
Influence Of Dynamic Factors On Nonwetting Fluid Snap-Off In Pores, Wen Deng, Matthew Balhoff, M. Bayani Cardenas
Influence Of Dynamic Factors On Nonwetting Fluid Snap-Off In Pores, Wen Deng, Matthew Balhoff, M. Bayani Cardenas
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Snap-off is an important dynamic multiphase flow phenomenon which occurs in porous media. It plays a dominant role in the residual trapping and mobilization/immobilization of nonwetting fluids such as hydrocarbons or CO₂. Current studies, applications, and threshold criteria of snap-off are mostly based on static or equilibrium conditions. Thus, the dynamics of snap-off which is relevant for many real world applications has rarely been systematically studied. While a static criterion indicates the snap-off potential for nonwetting fluids, the competition between the time required for snap-off and the local pore throat capillary number determines whether snap-off actually occurs. Using a theoretical …
Improving Energy Efficiency And Environmental Sustainability Of Commercial Insulation, Celine F. Manoosingh, James Mihelcic, Manjriker Gunaratne
Improving Energy Efficiency And Environmental Sustainability Of Commercial Insulation, Celine F. Manoosingh, James Mihelcic, Manjriker Gunaratne
Department of Civil Engineering & Construction Faculty Research & Publications
With increasingly stringent energy standards set in place by the Department of Energy, energy efficiency is becoming a paramount concern to manufacturers of appliances. Additionally, the production and disposal of the voluminous amount of polyurethane foam commonly utilized as insulation in refrigeration units poses a significant environmental challenge. In this context, this study investigated an alternative insulation for use in commercial refrigerator/freezer units. A prototype exploring the use of evacuated packets of pyrogenic silica substituting for conventional insulation was assessed. Assessment criteria included experimental comparison of heat transfer characteristics and the energy efficiency of the new insulation as well as …
Electrochemical Capture Of Co2 From Natural Gas Using A High-Temperature Ceramic-Carbonate Membrane, Jingjing Tong, Lingling Zhan, Jie Fang, Minfang Han, Kevin Huang
Electrochemical Capture Of Co2 From Natural Gas Using A High-Temperature Ceramic-Carbonate Membrane, Jingjing Tong, Lingling Zhan, Jie Fang, Minfang Han, Kevin Huang
Faculty Publications
This study reports the first investigation of using a ceramic-carbonate dual-phase membrane to electrochemically separate CO2 from a simulated natural gas. The CO2 permeation flux density was systematically studied as a function of temperature, CO2 partial pressure and time. As expected, the flux density was observed to increase with temperature and CO2 partial pressure. Long-term stability test showed that flux density experienced an initial performance-improving “break-in” period followed by a slow decay. Post-test microstructural analysis suggested that a gradual loss of carbonate during the test could be the cause of the flux-time behavior observed.