Engineering Commons^™

Cooling Under Applied Stress Rejuvenates Amorphous Alloys And Enhances Their Ductility, Nikolai Priezjev

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The effect of tensile stress applied during cooling of binary glasses on the potential energy states and mechanical properties is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. We study the three-dimensional binary mixture that was first annealed near the glass transition temperature and then rapidly cooled under tension into the glass phase. It is found that at larger values of applied stress, the liquid glass former freezes under higher strain and its potential energy is enhanced. For a fixed cooling rate, the maximum tensile stress that can be applied during cooling is reduced upon increasing initial temperature above the glass transition point. …

Feasibility Study Of A Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems Threshold-Pressure Sensor Based On Parametric Resonance: Experimental And Theoretical Investigations, Mark Pallay, Meysam Daeichin, Shahrzad Towfighian

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Scholarship

A tunable threshold pressure sensor based on parametric resonance of a microbeam subjected to electrostatic levitation is proposed. Parametric excitation can trigger a large amplitude vibration at twice the natural frequency if the magnitude of the driving force is large enough to overcome energy loss mechanisms in the system such as squeeze film damping. This causes a temporarily unstable response with a significant gain in oscillation amplitude over time until it is eventually capped by nonlinearities in the force or material or geometric properties. The instability divides the frequency region into two regions: distinct responses bounded by the system non-linearity, …

Solar Photovoltaic Performance Monitoring: A Bibliometric Review, Research Gaps And Opportunities, Javed Sayyad, Paresh Nasikkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Electrical power generation has been revolutionized by growing demand and use of Renewable Energy (RE) sources such as Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) as the main electricity source in modern times. The main objective of this bibliometric analysis is to understand the scope of the literature available for SPV performance characterization. This detailed reviewed was performed on the documents related to SPV research considering all the subject categories from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The patterns for the particular set of keywords were broke down with the recuperated outcomes from Scopus database in the language, publication type, year of publication, …

Spectral Absorption Coefficient Of Additive Manufacturing Materials, Nicholas J. Wallace, Matthew R. Jones, Nathan B. Crane

Faculty Publications

Active thermography techniques are of interest for quality assurance of additive manufacturing processes. However, accurate measurements of thermophysical properties of materials are required to successfully implement active thermography. In particular, the spectral absorption coefficient of materials commonly used in additive manufacturing must be known to accurately predict the spatial distribution of thermal energy generated from absorption of power emitted by a laser or pulsed flash lamp. Accurate measurements of these optical properties are also needed to develop greater understanding of additive manufacturing processes that rely on radiative heat transfer to fuse powders. This paper presents spectral absorption coefficient measurements and …

Mechanical Engineering News, Georgia Southern University

Mechanical Engineering News (2013-2023)

• Mechanical Engineering Graduate Featured in University News

Industry 4.0 In The Retail Sector: Sustainability Of Food Retail With A Focus On Food Insecurity In Dayton, Oh, Katrina Alexis Coleman

Honors Theses

In recent years, large scale agricultural and food processing industries have experienced a great worldwide digital transformation. The advent of Industry 4.0, which has become popular in Europe, has helped many industries optimize their operations. Relatively new is the idea that food processing industries and other stakeholders in the food distribution supply chain cannot only optimize their processes but also, track and provide timely customer service. This has technical and managerial challenges that might limit the potential benefits of industry 4.0 in the efficient distribution of fresh food produce. For example, food retailers have to meet the increasing customer desire …

Effect Of Airfoil-Preserved Undulations On Wing Performance And Wingtip Vortex, Faith A. Loughnane

Honors Theses

The effect of undulation placement (leading edge, trailing edge, leading and trailing edge) on the wing performance and the wingtip vortex was investigated. Experiments were performed at the University of Dayton Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UD-LSWT) on undulated wings where the NACA 0012 airfoil cross-section is preserved along the wingspan. Sensitivity studies were done on the undulation wavelength along the span (λ/c 0.31, 0.21 and 0.15) and undulation placement (leading edge, trailing edge, and both leading and trailing edge). The leading edge undulations delayed stall until higher angles of attack, however, the maximum aerodynamic efficiency was reduced. The trailing edge …

Upper Extremity Motion Assessments In Virtual Reality Environments, Lanna Nicole Klausing

Honors Theses

Traditional upper extremity rehabilitation techniques often utilize tedious and repetitive reaching motions. Fully immersive virtual reality (VR), involving a VR headset, is a technology with the potential to have non-gaming uses and applications, specifically as an upper extremity rehabilitation tool. This study was designed with the long-term goal of evaluating immersive VR as an upper extremity rehabilitation tool. The purpose of this research is to quantify different movement deficits that may arise due to MS or Parkinson’s, and to understand how the motions of patients with MS or Parkinson’s may differ from healthy controls. This thesis documents the first step …

Designing And Implementing A Peer-To-Peer Led Behavioral And Energy Reduction Program For Low-Income Neighborhoods, Jenn Hoody

Honors Theses

Reduction in energy consumption from fossil fuels is a necessary step toward combating climate change as more and more studies are revealing the catastrophic outcomes if the current trends do not change. Residential programs generally managed by energy utilities promoting energy cost savings and reduced consumption are being enacted to decrease the greenhouse emissions. However, thus far, little to no measures have been taken to extend the reach of such programs to low-income communities. Reducing household energy consumption would be particularly beneficial for these communities as it would lower utility bills for low-income households who spend a substantially greater portion …

Florida Building Code, Energy Conservation, 7th Edition (2020) Vs. 2018 International Energy Conservation Code Residential Stringency Analysis, Florida Solar Energy Center, Jeffrey Sonne

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This report summarizes the review and evaluation activities carried out to make a determination whether the residential provisions of the 7th Edition (2020) Florida Building Code, Energy Conservation meet or exceed those of the 2018 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) code.

A Bibliometric Analysis Of Minimum Quantity Lubrication As A Sustainable Approach, Shrikant U. Gunjal Mr., Sudarshan B. Sanap Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Environment-friendly machining methods are being focused widely across the research areas concerning the consequences and challenges of the traditional methods. Flood lubrication technique which is aggressively being implemented, targeting better machining attributes of the end product. However, the devastating effects of the flood lubrication technique are causing harmful consequences to the environment majorly and the machining operator therein. Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) which is also called Near-dry machining (NDM) is the most attributed cooling and lubrication approach which justify the sustainable requirements of the development; as it implies only 50-150 ml/hr cutting fluid under consideration. The present article presents the …

Data Generated During The 2018 Lapse-Rate Campaign: An Introduction And Overview, Gijs De Boer, Adam Houston, Jamey D. Jacob, Phillip B. Chilson, Suzanne W. Smith, Brian Argrow, Dale Lawrence, Jack Elston, David Brus, Osku Kemppinen, Petra Klein, Julie K. Lundquist, Sean Waugh, Sean C. C. Bailey, Amy E. Frazier, Michael P. Sama, Christopher Crick, David G. Schmale Iii, James Pinto, Elizabeth A. Pillar-Little, Victoria Natalie, Anders Jensen

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) offer innovative capabilities for providing new perspectives on the atmosphere, and therefore atmospheric scientists are rapidly expanding their use, particularly for studying the planetary boundary layer. In support of this expansion, from 14 to 20 July 2018 the International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a community flight week, dubbed the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE; de Boer et al., 2020a). This field campaign spanned a 1-week deployment to Colorado's San Luis Valley, involving over 100 students, scientists, engineers, pilots, and outreach coordinators. These …

Direct Observation Of The Formation And Stabilization Of Metallic Nanoparticles On Carbon Supports, Zhennan Huang, Yonggang Yao, Zhenqian Pang, Yifei Yuan, Tangyuan Li, Kun He, Xiaobing Hu, Jian Cheng, Wentao Yao

Michigan Tech Publications

Direct formation of ultra-small nanoparticles on carbon supports by rapid high temperature synthesis method offers new opportunities for scalable nanomanufacturing and the synthesis of stable multi-elemental nanoparticles. However, the underlying mechanisms affecting the dispersion and stability of nanoparticles on the supports during high temperature processing remain enigmatic. In this work, we report the observation of metallic nanoparticles formation and stabilization on carbon supports through in situ Joule heating method. We find that the formation of metallic nanoparticles is associated with the simultaneous phase transition of amorphous carbon to a highly defective turbostratic graphite (T-graphite). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest that …

Market Driven Residential Energy Codes: Comparing Performance In A Changing Technical Environment, Code Official Survey Results, Florida Solar Energy Center, Karen Fenaughty

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The DOE Code Survey conducted for this project was launched on 2/18/2020 and closed 3/20/2020. There were 907 participants responding to at least some portion of the 48 question survey, though some questions received poor attention. Note that the number of responses to each question varies by design and depends on answers to prior questions. Further, multiple answers are sometimes allowed.

Mechanical Engineering News, Georgia Southern University

Mechanical Engineering News (2013-2023)

• Engineering Design Conference Held Virtually

Primal-Dual 2-Approximation Algorithm For The Monotonic Multiple Depot Heterogeneous Traveling Salesman Problem, S. Rathinam, R. Ravi, J. Bae, K. Sundar

Michigan Tech Publications

We study a Multiple Depot Heterogeneous Traveling Salesman Problem (MDHTSP) where the cost of the traveling between any two targets depends on the type of the vehicle. The travel costs are assumed to be symmetric, satisfy the triangle inequality, and are monotonic, i.e., the travel costs between any two targets monotonically increases with the index of the vehicles. Exploiting the monotonic structure of the travel costs, we present a 2-approximation algorithm based on the primal-dual method.

Application Of A Small Unmanned Aerial System To Measure Ammonia Emissions From A Pilot Amine-Co2 Capture System, Travis J. Schuyler, Bradley Irvin, Keemia Abad, Jesse G. Thompson, Kunlei Liu, Marcelo I. Guzman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The quantification of atmospheric gases with small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) is expanding the ability to safely perform environmental monitoring tasks and quickly evaluate the impact of technologies. In this work, a calibrated sUAS is used to quantify the emissions of ammonia (NH₃) gas from the exit stack a 0.1 MWth pilot-scale carbon capture system (CCS) employing a 5 M monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent to scrub CO₂ from coal combustion flue gas. A comparison of the results using the sUAS against the ion chromatography technique with the EPA CTM-027 method for the standard emission sampling of NH_{3 …}

Experimental And Mathematical Tools To Predict Droplet Size And Velocity Distribution For A Two-Fluid Nozzle, Sadegh Poozesh, Nelson K. Akafuah, Heather R. Campbell, Faezeh Bashiri, Kozo Saito

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Despite progress in laser-based and computational tools, an accessible model that relies on fundamentals and offers a reasonably accurate estimation of droplet size and velocity is lacking, primarily due to entangled complex breakup mechanisms. Therefore, this study aims at using the integral form of the conservation equations to create a system of equations by solving which, the far-field secondary atomization can be analyzed through predicting droplet size and velocity distributions of the involved phases. To validate the model predictions, experiments are conducted at ambient conditions using water, methanol, and acetone as model fluids with varying formulation properties, such as density, …

An Investigation Into The Response Of The Us And Eu5 To The Covid-19 Disease (Convergence Of Two Pandemics: Covid-19 And Ncds), Omar Hassan

Publications and Research

In late December 2019, a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan China. COVID-19 was a result of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARA-CoV-2), which has resulted in a worldwide sudden and substantial increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia with multiorgan disease. As of October 6, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has affected more than 200 countries, resulting in more than 35 million identified cases with more than 1 million confirmed deaths.

This is a cross-sectional, non-interventional, observational study in patients infected with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) or Covid-19, using John Hopkins University database JHU Coronavirus map. The data collected from …

Subsystem Identification Of Feedback And Feedforward Systems With Time Delay, S. Alireza Seyyed Mousavi, Xingye Zhang, Thomas M. Seigler, Jesse B. Hoagg

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

We present an algorithm for identifying discrete-time feedback-and-feedforward subsystems with time delay that are interconnected in closed loop with a known subsystem. This frequency-domain algorithm uses only measured input and output data from a closed-loop discrete-time system, which is single input and single output. No internal signals are assumed to be measured. The orders of the unknown feedback and feedforward transfer functions are assumed to be known. We use a two-candidate-pool multi-convex-optimization approach to identify not only the feedback and feedforward transfer functions but also the feedback and feedforward time delay. The algorithm guarantees asymptotic stability of the identified closed-loop …

Characterization Of A Packaged Triboelectric Harvester Under Simulated Gait Loading For Total Knee Replacement, Nabid Aunjum Hossain, Geofrey George Yamomo, Ryan Willing, Shahrzad Towfighian

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Scholarship

Load sensing total knee replacement (TKR) implants are useful tools for monitoring prosthesis health and providing quantitative data to support patient claims of pain or instability. Powering such devices throughout the entire life of the knee replacement, however, is a challenge, and selfpowered telemetry via energy harvesting is an attractive solution. Herein, we implemented vertical contact mode triboelectric energy harvesters inside a knee implant package to generate the power required for embedded digitization and communications circuitry. The harvesters produce small-scale electric power from physiologically relevant loads transmitted through the knee. Experiments were performed on a joint motion simulator with an …

Material Model Characterization Of A Ti/Sic Metal Matrix Nanocomposite Coating Subjected To Hypervelocity Impact, Pouya Shojaei, Riccardo Scazzosi, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan Otoole, Marco Giglio, Xing Zhang, Yiliang Liao, Andrea Manes

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research

Titanium alloys have been extensively used in the aerospace industry because of their outstanding properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratios, high corrosion resistances, and high melting points. However, it is hypothesized that the performance of titanium alloys can be further enhanced to be more resistant to hypervelocity impact by coating them. Earlier experimental investigations showed that coating a Ti-6Al-4V substrate by Ti/SiC Metal Matrix Nanocomposite (MMNC) improved hypervelocity impact resistance of the composite. The coating had 7% SiC by volume. These experiments were simulated using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) modeling approach. Johnson-Cook material models were used for the Ti-6Al-4V …

In-Plane Anisotropic Third-Harmonic Generation From Germanium Arsenide Thin Flakes, Huseyin Sar, Jie Gao, Xiaodong Yang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A newly introduced two-dimensional (2D) layered germanium arsenide (GeAs) has attracted growing interest due to its promising highly in-plane anisotropic crystal structure and electronic properties for photonic and optoelectronic applications. The potential of 2D layered GeAs for many applications such as anisotropic photodetection, electronics, superconductivity and thermoelectricity is being investigated in recent studies. However, the intrinsic nonlinear optical properties of 2D layered GeAs have not been explored yet. Here, thickness- and incident polarization-dependent in-plane anisotropic third-harmonic generation (THG) from the mechanically exfoliated thin GeAs flakes is reported. Furthermore, the effect of the flake thickness on the THG conversion efficiency is …

Coalescence Speed Of Two Equal-Sized Nanobubbles, Eric Bird, Jun Zhou, Zhi Liang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Work, We Use Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulations Coupled with Continuum-Based Theoretical Analysis to Study the Coalescence Dynamics of Two Equal-Sized Nanobubbles (NBs). We First Derive a Governing Equation for the Evolution of the Capillary Bridge Radius between Two Coalescing NBs from the Axisymmetric Navier-Stokes Equation. to Verify the Prediction from the Governing Equation, We Carry Out MD Simulations of the Coalescence of Two NBs in a Lennard-Jones Fluid System and Directly Measure the Bridge Radius, Rb, as a Function of Time, T. by Varying the Bubble Diameter, We Change the NB Ohnesorge Number from 0.46 to 0.33. in …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, October-December 2020, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Radio Frequency Emissions From Dark-Matter-Candidate Magnetized Quark Nuggets Interacting With Matter, J. Pace Vandevender, C. Jerald Buchenauer, Chunpei Cai, Aaron P. Vandevender, Benjamin A. Ulmen

Michigan Tech Publications

Quark nuggets are theoretical objects composed of approximately equal numbers of up, down, and strange quarks. They are also called strangelets, nuclearites, AQNs, slets, Macros, and MQNs. Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter, which has been a mystery for decades despite constituting ~ 85% of the universe’s mass. Most previous models of quark nuggets have assumed no intrinsic magnetic field; however, Tatsumi found that quark nuggets may exist in magnetars as a ferromagnetic liquid with a magnetic field BS = 1012±1 T. We apply that result to quark nuggets, a dark-matter candidate consistent with the Standard Model, and …

Globally Optimal Passive Compliance Control For Tasks Having Multiple Homotopy Classes, Jacob J. Rice, Joseph M. Schimmels

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Redundant serial manipulators with variable stiffness actuators (VSAs) are capable of passive compliance control, in which the elastic behavior of the end-effector is controlled for robust interaction with a stiff environment. This paper addresses the problem of finding the globally optimal joint manipulation path (sequence of joint positions and compliances) that yields a desired task manipulation path (sequence of end-effector positions and compliances) when there is one degree of redundancy. The space of admissible joint paths can be very complex, with multiple bifurcations resulting in multiple homotopy classes of joint paths. Bifurcations due to singularities in the combined kinematic and …

A Low-Cost Secure Iot Mechanism For Monitoring And Controlling Polygeneration Microgrids, Josué Martínez-Martínez, Diego Aponte-Roa, Idalides Vergara-Laurens, Wayne Weaver

Michigan Tech Publications

The use of Internet-connected devices at homes has increased to monitor energy consumption. Furthermore, renewable energy sources have also increased, reducing electricity bills. However, the high cost of the equipment limits the use of these technologies. This paper presents a low-cost secured-distributed Internet of Things (IoT) system to monitor and control devices connected in a polygeneration microgrid, as a combined power system for local loads with renewable sources. The proposed mechanism includes a Wireless Sensor Actuator Networked Control System that links network nodes using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The Internet communication enables the monitor and control of devices using a …

Low-Intensity Vibration Restores Nuclear Yap Levels And Acute Yap Nuclear Shuttling In Mesenchymal Stem Cells Subjected To Simulated Microgravity, Matthew Thompson, Kali Woods, Joshua Newberg, Julia Thom Oxford, Gunes Uzer

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reducing the musculoskeletal deterioration that astronauts experience in microgravity requires countermeasures that can improve the effectiveness of otherwise rigorous and time-expensive exercise regimens in space. The ability of low-intensity vibrations (LIV) to activate force-responsive signaling pathways in cells suggests LIV as a potential countermeasure to improve cell responsiveness to subsequent mechanical challenge. Mechanoresponse of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which maintain bone-making osteoblasts, is in part controlled by the “mechanotransducer” protein YAP (Yes-associated protein), which is shuttled into the nucleus in response to cyto-mechanical forces. Here, using YAP nuclear shuttling as a measurement outcome, we tested the effect of 72 h …

Fluid Modeling And Analysis Of A Mash Tl-6 Vehicle Model, Elisa Vasquez

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The objective of this research project was to replicate the dynamic behavior of a truck-tank trailer combination vehicle using representative dimensions, properties, and inertias of the trailer/fluid ballast combination. A literature review was completed describing techniques for modeling fluids and fluid-container interactions using finite element analysis. Various fluid modeling techniques were identified, and parameters associated with those models were archived. Next, researchers utilized the tank geometry of the elliptical straight-frame 5949 trailer produced by LBT Inc. to generate a finite element mesh using finite element analysis preprocessors HyperMesh and LS PrePost. Material properties were taken from reference guides, research papers, …