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Articles 1 - 30 of 32
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Study Of The Diffusion Characteristics Of Tungsten Bar Stock And Tungsten Produced Via Direct Metal Laser Sintering (Dmls), Jonathan Robert Bruss
A Study Of The Diffusion Characteristics Of Tungsten Bar Stock And Tungsten Produced Via Direct Metal Laser Sintering (Dmls), Jonathan Robert Bruss
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Using a vacuum hot extraction method diffusivity and concentration of hydrogen were measured in samples of tungsten bar stock and direct metal laser sintered (DMLS) tungsten. It was found that the tungsten bar stock closely adhered to the model established by Frauenfelder. The DMLS samples approximately follow a downward sloping trend over the 500K-1200K temperature range. The trend is opposite of what is expected suggesting processing has a major effect on diffusion behavior. A CFD model was created using ANSYS Fluent to simulate the diffusion behavior. The model functions by separating out diffusion mechanisms and solving Fick’s law with each …
Dynamic Lifetime Reliability And Energy Management For Network-On-Chip Based Chip Multiprocessors, Milad Ghorbani Moghaddam
Dynamic Lifetime Reliability And Energy Management For Network-On-Chip Based Chip Multiprocessors, Milad Ghorbani Moghaddam
Dissertations (1934 -)
In this dissertation, we study dynamic reliability management (DRM) and dynamic energy management (DEM) techniques for network-on-chip (NoC) based chip multiprocessors (CMPs). In the first part, the proposed DRM algorithm takes both the computational and the communication components of the CMP into consideration and combines thread migration and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) as the two primary techniques to change the CMP operation. The goal is to increase the lifetime reliability of the overall system to the desired target with minimal performance degradation. The simulation results on a variety of benchmarks on 16 and 64 core NoC based CMP …
A Study Of Rubberfatigue Life And Cure Parameters, Jack Alberts
A Study Of Rubberfatigue Life And Cure Parameters, Jack Alberts
Master's Theses (2009 -)
is demand for increasing rubber life in parts within medium and heavy duty suspension systems. Rubber plays a major factor in lightening the overall weight of the suspension system; therefore, increasing the hauling capacity of the truck. This thesis focused on optimizing the cure time and cure temperature of the manufacturing process as it relates to the fatigue life of rubber suspension parts. Samples of rubber parts were made using molding techniques with different process parameters, specifically cure time and temperature. These samples then underwent a series of nondestructive tests, to quantify, for example, dynamic stiffness, and then a destructive …
Changes In Cortical Activity In Stroke Survivors Undergoing Botulinum Toxin Therapy For Treatment Of Focal Spasticity, Kelsey Dianne Tynes
Changes In Cortical Activity In Stroke Survivors Undergoing Botulinum Toxin Therapy For Treatment Of Focal Spasticity, Kelsey Dianne Tynes
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has provided evidence of neuroplastic changes following rehabilitation in stroke survivors. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection therapy has become a common approach to combating spasticity—a motor disorder characterized by a velocity dependent increase in muscle tone. The neurotoxin acts to inhibit muscle contraction, relieving spasticity symptoms with peak effects occurring between 4 and 6 weeks. With decreases in muscle tone, BoNT injections could free arm movement for rehabilitation, creating the opportunity for enhanced control of the upper limb, which would have underpinnings in altered brain activity. Given evidence of cortical activation changes following other stroke rehabilitative …
Uv-Based Advanced Oxidation Of P22 Bacteriophage And E. Coli Bacteria, Vincent Martino
Uv-Based Advanced Oxidation Of P22 Bacteriophage And E. Coli Bacteria, Vincent Martino
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Two novel, sustainable UV-LED advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were evaluated for their ability to improve inactivation efficacy of P22 bacteriophage and E. coli bacteria. The first objective of this research was to determine the treatment efficacy of P22 bacteriophage and E. coli bacteria using UV-LED at wavelengths of 255, 265, and 285 nm. The UV-LED system demonstrated high inactivation potential for both contaminants at all wavelengths, suggesting it could be a potential alternative to typical low-pressure and medium-pressure mercury-based UV systems. Increased inactivation of both microorganisms was observed with decreasing wavelength (255>265>285 nm). As the peak UV absorbance …
Characterization And Evaluation Of Cordless Nailer Performance For Liquid And Gaseous Fuels, Mark Carioscio
Characterization And Evaluation Of Cordless Nailer Performance For Liquid And Gaseous Fuels, Mark Carioscio
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The Paslode Cordless XP Framing Nailer is a combustion-powered nail gun that operates using a fuel blend of a propylene and 1-butene. This tool is designed to drive nails using a piston driven by a combustion reaction. The current fuel blend is able to fire approximately 1200 shots per fuel cartridge and match the energy output of pneumatic, corded nailers on the market. This thesis is written with the intent to gain a better understanding of the operation of the tool and how its performance varies when the fuel source is altered. A bizonal combustion model was created to simulate …
Parallel Implementation Of Facial Detection Using Graphics Processing Units, Russell Marineau
Parallel Implementation Of Facial Detection Using Graphics Processing Units, Russell Marineau
Master's Theses (2009 -)
This thesis proposes to study parallelization methods to improve the computational runtime of the popular Viola-Jones face detection algorithm. These methods employ multithreaded programming and CUDA programming approaches. The thesis provides a discussion of background information on all relevant topics, which is then followed by a presentation of the code architecture changes that are proposed. Specific implementation details are then discussed in more details followed by a discussion and comparison of results obtained through various tests. This thesis first begins by presenting a history and description of the Viola-Jones algorithm. Detailed explanations of each step in the process used to …
Mechanisms Of Impaired Motor Unit Firing Behavior In The Vastus Lateralis Muscle After Stroke, Spencer Murphy
Mechanisms Of Impaired Motor Unit Firing Behavior In The Vastus Lateralis Muscle After Stroke, Spencer Murphy
Dissertations (1934 -)
The purpose of this dissertation research project was to examine the role of impaired motor unit firing behavior on force generation after a stroke. We studied the relationship between intrinsic motoneuron properties and inhibitory sensory pathways to deficient motoneuron activity in the vastus lateralis muscle after a stroke. Individuals with stroke often have deficits with force generation and volitional relaxation. Current models of impaired force output after a stroke focus primarily on the pathology within the corticospinal pathway because of decreased descending drive. Though this is an important aspect of deficient motoneuron output, it is incomplete because motoneurons receive other …
Automating The Analysis Of Uncertainties In Multi-Body Dynamic Systems Using Polynomial Chaos Theory, Paul Ryan
Automating The Analysis Of Uncertainties In Multi-Body Dynamic Systems Using Polynomial Chaos Theory, Paul Ryan
Dissertations (1934 -)
Variation occurs in many multi-body dynamic (MBD) systems in the geometry, mass, or forces. This variation creates uncertainty in the responses of an MBD system. Understanding how MBD systems respond to the variation is imperative for the design of a robust system. However, the simulation of how variation propagates into the solution is complicated as most MBD systems cannot be simplified into to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE). This presentation shows the automation of an uncertainty analysis of an MBD system with variation. The first step to automating the solution is to create a robust algorithm based on …
Hierarchical Bayesian Data Fusion Using Autoencoders, Yevgeniy Vladimirovich Reznichenko
Hierarchical Bayesian Data Fusion Using Autoencoders, Yevgeniy Vladimirovich Reznichenko
Master's Theses (2009 -)
In this thesis, a novel method for tracker fusion is proposed and evaluated for vision-based tracking. This work combines three distinct popular techniques into a recursive Bayesian estimation algorithm. First, semi supervised learning approaches are used to partition data and to train a deep neural network that is capable of capturing normal visual tracking operation and is able to detect anomalous data. We compare various methods by examining their respective receiver operating conditions (ROC) curves, which represent the trade off between specificity and sensitivity for various detection threshold levels. Next, we incorporate the trained neural networks into an existing data …
Design Day Analysis - Forecasting Extreme Daily Natural Gas Demand, David Joseph Kaftan
Design Day Analysis - Forecasting Extreme Daily Natural Gas Demand, David Joseph Kaftan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
This work provides a framework for Design Day analysis. First, we estimate the temperature conditions which are expected to be colder than all but one day in N years. This temperature is known as the Design Day condition. Then, we forecast an upper bound on natural gas demand when temperature is at the Design Day condition. Natural gas distribution companies (LDCs) need to meet demand during extreme cold days. Just as bridge builders design for a nominal load, natural gas distribution companies need to design for a nominal temperature. This nominal temperature is the Design Day condition. The Design Day …
Search Methods For Mobile Manipulator Performance Measurement, Samuel Nana Yaw Amoako-Frimpong
Search Methods For Mobile Manipulator Performance Measurement, Samuel Nana Yaw Amoako-Frimpong
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Mobile manipulators are a potential solution to the increasing need for additional flexibility and mobility in industrial robotics applications. However, they tend to lack the accuracy and precision achieved by fixed manipulators, especially in scenarios where both the manipulator and the autonomous vehicle move simultaneously. This thesis analyzes the problem of dynamically evaluating the positioning error of mobile manipulators. In particular, it investigates the use of Bayesian methods to predict the position of the end-effector in the presence of uncertainty propagated from the mobile platform. Simulations and real-world experiments are carried out to test the proposed method against a deterministic …
Uv-Based Advanced Oxidation Of P22 Bacteriophange And E. Coli Bacteria, Vincent Martino
Uv-Based Advanced Oxidation Of P22 Bacteriophange And E. Coli Bacteria, Vincent Martino
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Two novel, sustainable UV-LED advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were evaluated for their ability to improve inactivation efficacy of P22 bacteriophage and E. coli bacteria. The first objective of this research was to determine the treatment efficacy of P22 bacteriophage and E. coli bacteria using UV-LED at wavelengths of 255, 265, and 285 nm. The UV-LED system demonstrated high inactivation potential for both contaminants at all wavelengths, suggesting it could be a potential alternative to typical low-pressure and medium-pressure mercury-based UV systems. Increased inactivation of both microorganisms was observed with decreasing wavelength (255>265>285 nm). As the peak UV absorbance …
Comparative Study Of Different Sensor Array Designs Involving Plasticized Polymer Coatings For Btex Detection In Water, Nicholas Post
Comparative Study Of Different Sensor Array Designs Involving Plasticized Polymer Coatings For Btex Detection In Water, Nicholas Post
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Detection and quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in liquid phase is of interest because of the significant public health hazards posed by these compounds. BTEX are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) commonly used as additives in gasoline. Shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) devices have shown promise in liquid phase sensing applications and is used to address this problem. SH-SAW devices can be made chemically sensitive by depositing a polymer coating on the device surface. SH-SAW devices coated with commercially available polymers have shown modest sensitivity to BTEX compounds. However, there are few polymers which exhibit the properties …
Control Design And Implementation Of An Active Transtibial Prosthesis, Joseph Klein
Control Design And Implementation Of An Active Transtibial Prosthesis, Joseph Klein
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Prior work at Marquette University developed the Marquette Prosthesis, an active transtibial prosthesis that utilized a torsional spring and a four-bar mechanism. The controls for the Marquette Prosthesis implemented a finite state control algorithm to determine the state of gait of the amputee along with two lower level controllers, a PI moment controller to control the moment during stance and a PID position controller to control the position during stance. The Marquette Prosthesis was successful in mimicking the gait profile presented by Winter. However, after completing human subject testing, the Marquette Prosthesis was insufficient in trying to match the gait …
A Biomechanical Simulation Of Musculoskeletal Kinematics During Ambulation, Alex Thomas
A Biomechanical Simulation Of Musculoskeletal Kinematics During Ambulation, Alex Thomas
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The purpose of this study was to validate a 3D musculoskeletal model in OpenSim and assess OpenSim’s ability to determine muscle-length variation during ambulation. An 18 camera motion capture system was used to analyze 20 healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 35. Following data collection, the data was processed through OpenSim and Visual3D. The kinematic output processed through the OpenSim model was then compared to the kinematic output of the validated Visual3D model to validate the OpenSim model. Muscle fiber length data obtained from the same experimental data was compared to control data to assess OpenSim’s muscle analysis …
Dynamic Behavior Of Granular Earth Materials Subjected To Pressure-Shear Loading, Jeff Wilson Lajeunesse
Dynamic Behavior Of Granular Earth Materials Subjected To Pressure-Shear Loading, Jeff Wilson Lajeunesse
Dissertations (1934 -)
The dynamic response of granular earth materials such as sand has been of interest for many years. Multiple previous works have explored the shock response of sand in various grain shapes, sizes, and moisture contents, but the response during rapid combined loading has been relatively unexplored. The current study contributes to that lack of data by performing pressure-shear experiments on Oklahoma #1 silica sand, with quasi-smooth grains of 63 - 120 micron diameter and 99.8 wt.% Si02 composition. In these experiments, an oblique flyer plate impacts an equally inclined target, imparting a longitudinal (pressure) and transverse (shear) wave into a …
Immersive Visualization In Biomedical Computational Fluid Dynamics And Didactic Teaching And Learning, John Thomas Venn
Immersive Visualization In Biomedical Computational Fluid Dynamics And Didactic Teaching And Learning, John Thomas Venn
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Virtual reality (VR) can stimulate active learning, critical thinking, decision making and improved performance. It requires a medium to show virtual content, which is called a virtual environment (VE). The MARquette Visualization Lab (MARVL) is an example of a VE. Robust processes and workflows that allow for the creation of content for use within MARVL further increases the userbase for this valuable resource. A workflow was created to display biomedical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and complementary data in a wide range of VE’s. This allows a researcher to study the simulation in its natural three-dimensional (3D) morphology. In addition, it …
Hybrid Sensorless Field Oriented And Direct Torque Control For Variable Speed Brushless Dc Motors, Kellen Carey
Hybrid Sensorless Field Oriented And Direct Torque Control For Variable Speed Brushless Dc Motors, Kellen Carey
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The objective of this thesis is to design a hybrid sensorless closed-loop motor controller using a combination of Field-Oriented Control (FOC) and Direct Torque Control (DTC) for brushless DC motors used in multi-rotor aerial vehicles. The primary challenge is the wide range of desired working speeds, which can quickly vary from low speed to high speed. For this range, the control approach must be efficient, effective, and low-cost in order to provide fast response times during initial startup, steady-state, and transient operation. Additional design challenges include minimal response time to desired speed changes and small steady-state speed errors. Finally, the …
Investigation Of Reactive Oxygen Species Production In The Rat Lung Using Optical Imaging, Nina Friedly
Investigation Of Reactive Oxygen Species Production In The Rat Lung Using Optical Imaging, Nina Friedly
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Oxidative stress, the imbalance between production of oxidants or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant activity, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic lung diseases. The objective of this thesis was to develop a robust protocol for measuring the rate of H2O2 production in isolated perfused rat lungs and to determine the cellular sources of that rate using Amplex Red (AR). For a given lung, AR (25 mM) along with horseradish peroxidase (5 U/ml) and ascorbate oxidase (1U/ml) were added to a perfusate reservoir that was recirculated through the lungs and sampled at 5 minute intervals …
Computational Methods For Modeling Multicomponent Droplet Vaporization, Alanna Y. Cooney
Computational Methods For Modeling Multicomponent Droplet Vaporization, Alanna Y. Cooney
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for combustion of multicomponent hydrocarbon fuels must often prioritize computational efficiency over model complexity, leading to oversimplifying assumptions in the sub-models for droplet vaporization and chemical kinetics. Therefore, a computationally efficient hybrid droplet vaporization-chemical surrogate approach has been developed which emulates both the physical and chemical properties of a multicomponent fuel. For the droplet vaporization/physical portion of the hybrid, a new solution method is presented called the Coupled Algebraic-Direct Quadrature Method of Moments (CA-DQMoM) with delumping which accurately solves for the evolution of every discrete species in a vaporizing multicomponent fuel droplet with the computational …
Investigation Of The Effects Of Prosthetic Knee Condition On Novice Transfemoral Amputee Runners, Natalie Nelson
Investigation Of The Effects Of Prosthetic Knee Condition On Novice Transfemoral Amputee Runners, Natalie Nelson
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Some unilateral transfemoral amputees (TFAs) run in a prosthesis with an articulating prosthetic knee, others choose to run without a knee (prosthetic socket and foot are linked via a straight, non-articulating pylon) to increase stability. Research regarding unilateral TFA running with an unlocked versus locked prosthetic knee (approximately equivalent to the no-knee condition) with respect to energy cost and temporal metrics is limited; no studies have investigated the impact of knee condition on kinematic metrics. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the prosthetic knee of a running-specific prosthesis (RSP) should be unlocked or locked for unilateral TFAs …
The Impact Of Phosphorous Species On Dewaterability Of Wastewater Solids, Erik Anderson
The Impact Of Phosphorous Species On Dewaterability Of Wastewater Solids, Erik Anderson
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Phosphorus regulations are causing Water Resource Recovery Facilities (WRRFs) to implement new technologies to remove phosphorus (P) before they discharge liquid effluent. Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) is often employed to remove P from water. However, sludges from EBPR plants have shown decreases in dewaterability soon after EBPR was initiated. This decline in dewaterability is not well understood, nor is the best way to improve the dewatering EBPR sludge. Specifically, the role of different P species on sludge dewaterability is not well understood. Several laboratory experiments were conducted at the Marquette University Water Quality Center with the following objectives: i) …
Anaerobic Co-Digestion Of Aqueous Liquid From Biosolids Pyrolysis, Seyedfatemeh Seyedi
Anaerobic Co-Digestion Of Aqueous Liquid From Biosolids Pyrolysis, Seyedfatemeh Seyedi
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Pyrolysis is a process to treat biosolids and recover energy. During pyrolysis, conversion of organic matter to energy-rich products yields biochar, py-gas, and pyrolysis liquids (aqueous phase and non-aqueous bio-oil). The aqueous pyrolysis liquid (APL), is a high-COD liquid with no apparent use that contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrogen-containing compounds. One potential beneficial use of APL is as a co-digestate to produce more biogas for renewable energy from anaerobic digesters at municipal water resource recovery facilities. Some of the organics in APL may be converted to biomethane via anaerobic digestion under proper conditions. However, some APL organics are known …
Effect Of Low Aeration And Heat Drying On Anaerobic Digester Performance And Microbial Community, Dylan Thomas Friss
Effect Of Low Aeration And Heat Drying On Anaerobic Digester Performance And Microbial Community, Dylan Thomas Friss
Master's Theses (2009 -)
This thesis describes three research projects on anaerobic digestion (AD) that investigated functional differences and relationships between microbial composition and digester function. Both archaeal and bacterial communities were characterized using high throughput (Illumina) sequencing technology with universal 16S rRNA gene primers. In the first project, limited aeration, and limited aeration with an aerotolerant enrichment culture were investigated as possible methods to increase digester functional performance in comparison to a strictly anaerobic control digester. No functional differences were observed at quasi-steady state between the limited aerated digester (LAD), limited aerated anaerobic digester augmented with an aerotolerant enrichment culture (LADE), and strictly …
Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of 99mtc-Hmpao Images Of Isolated Perfused Rat Lungs, Katherine C. Barry
Pharmacokinetic Modeling Of 99mtc-Hmpao Images Of Isolated Perfused Rat Lungs, Katherine C. Barry
Master's Theses (2009 -)
The single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging biomarker technetium-labeled hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) exists in two forms, the oxidized, cell-permeable form and the reduced, cell-impermeable form. Recent studies revealed that the lung uptake of 99mTc-HMPAO increases early in rat models of human acute lung injury. Lung uptake of 99mTc-HMPAO is the net result of multiple cellular and vascular processes, many of which can vary with acute illness. Thus, when a change in the lung uptake of 99mTc-HMPAO is detected, it is unclear how much of this change is due to alteration in the activity of the targeted cellular process versus alteration of …
Uncertainty Aware Mapping Of Embedded Systems For Reliability, Performance, And Energy, Wenkai Guan
Uncertainty Aware Mapping Of Embedded Systems For Reliability, Performance, And Energy, Wenkai Guan
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Due to technology downscaling, embedded systems have increased in complexity and heterogeneity. The increasingly large process, voltage, and temperature variations negatively affect the design and optimization process of these systems. These factors contribute to increased uncertainties that in turn undermine the accuracy and effectiveness of traditional design approaches. In this thesis, we formulate the problem of uncertainty aware mapping for multicore embedded system platforms as a multi-objective optimization problem. We present a solution to this problem that integrates uncertainty models as a new design methodology constructed with Monte Carlo and evolutionary algorithms. The solution is uncertainty aware because it is …
Quantifying Sea-Level Rise Hazard Addressing Climate Forcing And Projection Uncertainty, Matthew Thomas
Quantifying Sea-Level Rise Hazard Addressing Climate Forcing And Projection Uncertainty, Matthew Thomas
Dissertations (1934 -)
Sea-level rise, driven by climate change, puts coastal communities and ecosystems at risk. Major sources that contribute to sea-level rise include ocean thermal expansion, glacier loss, and ice sheet loss. Here we account for uncertainty in modeling these sources, along with climate forcing uncertainty.Ocean thermal expansion uncertainty is modeled using a probabilistic ensemble of climate models and climate forcing scenarios. The ensemble addresses model uniqueness and weights models and scenarios based on their ability to reproduce observed sea-level trends. Glacier sea-level rise is modeled by updating an existing glacier mass balance model with a probabilistic regional covariance model that addresses …
Development And Application Of Quantitative Metrics For Computed Tomography Image Quality Assessment, Parag Khobragade
Development And Application Of Quantitative Metrics For Computed Tomography Image Quality Assessment, Parag Khobragade
Dissertations (1934 -)
Selecting the tube current can be challenging when using iterative reconstruction algorithms due to the varying relationship between spatial resolution, contrast, noise, and dose across different algorithms. The objective of this dissertation was to develop and evaluate an Automated Exposure Control (AEC) method for iterative reconstruction algorithms using a task-based image quality metric. To achieve this objective, several CT image quality metrics were evaluated and developed. Two studies were performed to evaluate candidate metrics for use in a task-based AEC method. In Aim 1, a study was performed to identify and experimentally evaluate candidate metrics that have been previously proposed …
Micropollutant-Free Nutrient Recovery: Adsorption Of Micropollutants On Ion Exchangers And Biosolids-Derived Biochar, Yiran Tong
Dissertations (1934 -)
The presence of excessive nutrients in treated wastewater effluent is a growing concern in terms of water quality and ecological balance. Thus, removal of nutrients is of great interest. Moreover, the removed nutrients can be recovered in forms amenable for agricultural reuse, which yields a sustainable supply of nonrenewable phosphorus that can be used to support global food production. As nutrient recovery gains interest, it is essential that the products be free of harmful contaminants. One class of contaminants of great concern is organic micropollutants. To help address these issues, this study evaluated the fate and impact of micropollutants during …