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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Structure-Property Evolution During Polymer Crystallization, Deepak Arora
Structure-Property Evolution During Polymer Crystallization, Deepak Arora
Open Access Dissertations
The main theme of this research is to understand the structure-property evolution during crystallization of a semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer. A combination of techniques including rheology, small angle light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and optical microscopy are applied to follow the mechanical and optical properties along with crystallinity and the morphology. Isothermal crystallization experiments on isotactic poly-1-butene at early stages of spherulite growth provide quantitative information about nucleation density, volume fraction of spherulites and their crystallinity, and the mechanism of connecting into a sample spanning structure. Optical microscopy near the fluid-to-solid transition suggests that the transition, as determined by time-resolved mechanical …
Diffusion And Structure In Complex Fluids: I. Axial Diffusion In Membranes Ii. Proteins In Ionic Liquids, Malvika Bihari
Diffusion And Structure In Complex Fluids: I. Axial Diffusion In Membranes Ii. Proteins In Ionic Liquids, Malvika Bihari
Open Access Dissertations
Geometrically hindered motions of a single large solute (particle or polymer) can be imaged in real time via optical microscopy. The dynamics of fluorescent colloidal particles near surfaces and in porous membranes were monitored using confocal microscopy. A method of analysis to estimate diffusivity of particles in the axial direction by observing their intensity fluctuations was developed. The intensity fluctuations correspond to the Brownian motion of the particles in the axial direction. The method was successful in capturing the hindered diffusion of particles close to surfaces and in pores. This study provides a novel route to monitor the dynamics of …
Contact Angle Hysteresis: A Different View And A Trivial Recipe For Low Hysteresis Hydrophobic Surfaces, Joseph W. Krumpfer, Thomas J. Mccarthy
Contact Angle Hysteresis: A Different View And A Trivial Recipe For Low Hysteresis Hydrophobic Surfaces, Joseph W. Krumpfer, Thomas J. Mccarthy
Thomas J. McCarthy
Contact angle hysteresis is addressed from two perspectives. The first is an analysis of the events that occur during motion of droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces. Hysteresis is discussed in terms of receding contact line pinning and the tensile failure of capillary bridges. The sign of the curvature of the solid surface is implicated as playing a key role. The second is the report of a new method to prepare smooth low hysteresis surfaces. The thermal treatment of oxygen plasma-cleaned silicon wafers with trimethylsilyl-terminated linear poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS - commercial silicone oils) in disposable glass vessels is described. This treatment renders silicon/silica …
Polymer Composites And Porous Materials Prepared By Thermally Induced Phase Separation And Polymer-Metal Hybrid Methods, Joonsung Yoon
Polymer Composites And Porous Materials Prepared By Thermally Induced Phase Separation And Polymer-Metal Hybrid Methods, Joonsung Yoon
Open Access Dissertations
The primary objective of this research is to investigate the morphological and mechanical properties of composite materials and porous materials prepared by thermally induced phase separation. High melting crystallizable diluents were mixed with polymers so that the phase separation would be induced by the solidification of the diluents upon cooling. Theoretical phase diagrams were calculated using Flory-Huggins solution thermodynamics which show good agreement with the experimental results. Porous materials were prepared by the extraction of the crystallized diluents after cooling the mixtures (hexamethylbenzene/polyethylene and pyrene/polyethylene). Anisotropic structures show strong dependence on the identity of the diluents and the composition of …
Apolar Ortho-Phenylene Ethynylene Oligomers: Conformational Ordering Without Intermolecular Aggregation, Jing Jiang, Morris M. Slutsky, Ticora V. Jones, Gregory N. Tew
Apolar Ortho-Phenylene Ethynylene Oligomers: Conformational Ordering Without Intermolecular Aggregation, Jing Jiang, Morris M. Slutsky, Ticora V. Jones, Gregory N. Tew
Gregory N. Tew
This paper describes the characterization of solvent induced folding behavior for non-polar (NP) alkoxy substituted ortho-phenylene ethynylene (o-PE) oligomers. Oligomers of lengths up to nine units have been shown to adopt helical conformations in heptane by NMR and CD spectroscopy, while chloroform promotes extended conformations. Surprisingly, the molar ellipticity values found in heptane for these oligomers are very small compared to other literature values of meta-phenylene ethynylene (m-PE) folded systems; however, comparable molar ellipticity values were found for a closed macrocyclic o-PE suggesting the weak ellipticity is a molecular-feature rather than a quality of folding indicator.