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Articles 1 - 30 of 177
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Induced Elastic Matrix Synthesis Within 3-Dimensional Collagen Constructs, Lavanya Venkataraman
Induced Elastic Matrix Synthesis Within 3-Dimensional Collagen Constructs, Lavanya Venkataraman
All Dissertations
Elastin, a primary component of elastic arteries, maintains structural stability of the cyclically recoiling artery, and critically regulates vascular cell behavior. Accelerated degradation of elastic matrix, such as that seen in vascular pathologies like abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), can therefore severely compromise vessel homeostasis. Tissue engineering and in-situ matrix repair strategies evaluated so far are primarily limited in inducing adult vascular cells to replicate the complex elastic matrix assembly process, and restore lost matrix integrity. Previously, our lab established the elastogenic benefits of concurrent delivery of TGF-β1 and HA-oligomers (together termed elastogenic factors, EFs), within 2D cultures of rat aortic …
Managing Elective And Non-Elective Case Assignments For An Operating Room Suite, Narges Hosseini
Managing Elective And Non-Elective Case Assignments For An Operating Room Suite, Narges Hosseini
All Dissertations
The success of operating room management depends on all levels of decision making, from strategic to tactical and operational decisions. One key decision in systems with block booking is to assign sufficient amount of block time to surgeons and surgery groups. While the typical method of block assignment identifies the share of surgery groups from OR times based on average of past usage, this method does not count for the difference between cost of under and overtime. One of the goals of this research is to develop a decision framework for block assignment. This work is presented in chapter two. …
Photo-Thermal Processing Of Semiconductor Fibers And Thin Films, Nishant Gupta
Photo-Thermal Processing Of Semiconductor Fibers And Thin Films, Nishant Gupta
All Dissertations
Furnace processing and rapid thermal processing (RTP) have been an integral part of several processing steps in semiconductor manufacturing. The performance of RTP techniques can be improved many times by exploiting quantum photo-effects of UV and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons in thermal processing and this technique is known as rapid photo-thermal processing (RPP). As compared to furnace processing and RTP, RPP provides higher diffusion coefficient, lower stress and lower microscopic defects. In this work, a custom designed automated photo assisted processing system was built from individual parts and an incoherent light source. This photo-assisted processing system is used to anneal …
Supply Chain Network Design: Risk-Averse Vs. Risk-Neutral Decision Making, Alireza Madadi
Supply Chain Network Design: Risk-Averse Vs. Risk-Neutral Decision Making, Alireza Madadi
All Dissertations
Recent events, such as the Heparin tragedy, highlight the necessity for designers and planners of supply chain networks to consider the risk of disruptions in spite of their low probability of occurrence. One effective way to hedge against supply chain network disruptions is to have a robustly designed supply chain network. This involves strategic decisions, such as choosing which markets to serve, which suppliers to source from, the location of plants, the types of facilities to use, and tactical decisions, such as production and capacity allocation. In this dissertation, we focus on models for designing supply chain networks that are …
Develop Novel Frap Techniques For Determining Anisotropic Solute Diffusion In Cartilaginous Tissues, Changcheng Shi
Develop Novel Frap Techniques For Determining Anisotropic Solute Diffusion In Cartilaginous Tissues, Changcheng Shi
All Dissertations
Cartilaginous tissue is a connective tissue composed of specialized cells (e.g., chondrocytes and fibroblasts) that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix (ECM), which is comprised mostly of collagen fibers, abundant ground substance rich in proteoglycan, and elastic fibers. It is characterized by its avascular structures within the tissue, implying that nutrition for normal tissue cells, for maintaining a healthy ECM, is mainly supplied through diffusion from nearby vascularized tissues and synovial fluid. Poor nutritional supply to the cartilaginous tissue is believed to be an important factor leading to tissue degeneration. Moreover, due to the complex collagen fiber structures, the …
Application Of Carbon Dioxide Towards The Development Of Smart Materials, Green Reaction Schemes And Metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis, Fiaz Mohammed
Application Of Carbon Dioxide Towards The Development Of Smart Materials, Green Reaction Schemes And Metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis, Fiaz Mohammed
All Dissertations
Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have steadily risen over the last 50 years, with 34 billion tons of CO2 released in 2009 alone. Its potential as a greenhouse gas has negatively affected of our lives and environment by the resulting ocean acidification and climate change. To mitigate atmospheric CO2, various strategies have been implemented for CO2 separation, capture, storage and use as a chemical feedstock. The use of CO2 in various chemical industries is attractive as its non-flammable, non-toxic, and relatively inert properties have made it an inherently safer alternative to traditional organic …
Environmental And Biological Applications And Implications Of Soft And Condensed Nanomaterials, Pengyu Chen
Environmental And Biological Applications And Implications Of Soft And Condensed Nanomaterials, Pengyu Chen
All Dissertations
Recent innovations and growth of nanotechnology have spurred exciting technological and commercial developments of nanomaterails. Their appealing physical and physicochemical properties offer great opportunities in biological and environmental applications, while in the meantime may compromise human health and environmental sustainability through either unintentional exposure or intentional discharge.
Accordingly, this dissertation exploits the physicochemical behavior of soft dendritic polymers for environmental remediation and condensed nano ZnO tetrapods for biological sensing (Chapter two-four), and further delineate the environmental implications of such nanomaterials using algae- the major constituent of the aquatic food chain-as a model system (Chapter five).
This dissertation is presented as …
Design Automation And Optimization Of Honeycomb Structures For Maximum Sound Transmission Loss, Rohan Galgalikar
Design Automation And Optimization Of Honeycomb Structures For Maximum Sound Transmission Loss, Rohan Galgalikar
All Theses
Cellular materials with macro effective properties defined by repeated meso-structures are increasingly replacing conventional homogeneous materials due to their high strength to weight ratio, and controllable effective mechanical properties, such as negative Poisson's ratio and tailored orthotropic elastic properties. Honeycomb structures are a well-known cellular material that has been used extensively in aerospace and other industries where the premium on the weight reduction with high-strength is required. Common applications of honeycomb cellular structures are their use as the core material in sandwich plates and plates between two face sheets. Honeycomb structures are built from repetition of a common hexagonal unit …
Performance Evaluation Of Video Streaming In An Infrastructure Mesh Based Vehicle Network, Sajindra Pradhananga
Performance Evaluation Of Video Streaming In An Infrastructure Mesh Based Vehicle Network, Sajindra Pradhananga
All Theses
Most next-generation wireless networks are expected to support video stream-
ing which constitutes the bulk of traffic on the Internet. This thesis evaluates the
performance of video streaming in a vehicle network with an infrastructure wireless
mesh network (WMN) backhaul. Several studies have investigated video quality per-
formance primarily in single hop wireless networks and static WMNs. This thesis is
based on those studies and conducts the study in relation to a network where the
multi-hop features of the mesh network and mobility of the streaming clients may
have substantial impact on the perceived video quality in the network.
The …
Determination Of A Higher-Order Elastic Constant Of A Single Filament Of Hextow Im7-12k Carbon Fiber Using Finite Deformations, Luciana Oliveira
Determination Of A Higher-Order Elastic Constant Of A Single Filament Of Hextow Im7-12k Carbon Fiber Using Finite Deformations, Luciana Oliveira
All Theses
The modulus of elasticity of a homogeneous body is the same for all directions. No known crystalline materials have a Young's modulus that is the same in all directions. The linear theory of elasticity states that strain is proportional to stress so that a straight line is obtained in a stress versus strain plot. As long as the forces applied to the body are proportional, the body behaves perfectly elastically, obeying Hooke's law. At high enough strains, however, deviations from Hooke's law will occur. Nonlinear elasticity is generally apparent when large deformations are applied and usually when the sample size …
Alternative Energy Sources - Integration Of Power Generation Systems Into A Microgrid At Clemson University And An Atmospheric Thermodynamic Driven Mechanical Clock, Shreyas Patel
All Theses
Non-renewable energy sources such as coal, crude oil, and natural gas are being consumed at a brisk pace which is promoting a worldwide energy crisis. The burning of fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxides as well as soot which contribute to atmospheric pollution. Although fossil fuels will continue to be available for many decades, the amount of petroleum remaining in the earth and its associated cost remains an open issue. The utilization of green energy such as solar and wind offer renewable and pollution free sources. A worldwide shift is slowly underway towards the …
Detecting Copper Residues In Sediments From Aquatic Copper-Based Pesticide Applications, Ben Willis
Detecting Copper Residues In Sediments From Aquatic Copper-Based Pesticide Applications, Ben Willis
All Theses
Copper-based algaecides and herbicides are commonly used to mitigate risks of problematic algae and weeds, however there are concerns regarding copper accumulation from treatments. Modeling and laboratory experiments can be used to predict copper accumulation and measurement in sediments, as well as benthic invertebrate responses following treatments. Modeling was used to estimate copper residual concentrations in sediments from algaecide and herbicide treatments. Reported and measured method detection limits (MDLs; minimum concentration of an analyte of interest that can be measured with 99 percent confidence in a specific matrix using an analytical method) were compared to model estimated copper residual concentrations …
Study On Corrosion Activity Of Carbon Steel In Concrete Simulated Pore Solution Under Static Tensile And Compressive Stresses, Yujie Zhang
All Theses
Reinforced concrete is a structure material made up of concrete with relatively lower tensile strength containing reinforcements with higher tensile strength and better ductility, which are embedded into fresh concrete to resist tensile stress in certain regions of concrete. Steel reinforced concrete is most widely used around the world in civil engineering structures, water conservancy and highway construction due to its durability strength and reasonable cost.
However, reinforced concrete structures such as bridges and parking lots slabs inevitably experience variable loads and constant degradation from the aggressive environments, such as marine and deicing salts. Therefore, it is imperative to study …
An Error Quantification Methodology For Hurricane Storm Surge Simulations, Bin Pei
An Error Quantification Methodology For Hurricane Storm Surge Simulations, Bin Pei
All Theses
This thesis describes the development of a procedure to quantify errors in hurricane storm surge simulations using a decoupled wind-surge model. The state-of-the-art storm surge simulation program, ADCIRC (Advanced Circulation), and the Georgiou's wind field model were used to simulate the storm surge heights associated with 169 historical hurricanes from 1922 to 2011 along the coast of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. The storm surge modeling errors were quantified by comparing the measured to the simulated annual maximum surge heights at nine water level observation stations maintained by the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS). The simulated …
Development Of A Two-Dimensional Model Of A Pneumatic Tire, Timothy Lewis
Development Of A Two-Dimensional Model Of A Pneumatic Tire, Timothy Lewis
All Theses
The pneumatic tire has been studied extensively since its invention in 1888. With the advent of high-powered computers and the use of the finite element method, the understanding of the tire's complex non-linear behavior has grown tremendously. However, one weakness of finite element models is that parameter studies are difficult and time consuming to perform. In contrast, an analytical model can quickly and easily perform extensive parameter studies. To the knowledge of the author, all existing analytical models of the tire make assumptions concerning the tire's behavior and construction that while useful for obtaining some of the first-order characteristics, are …
Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Bioretention Cells And Porous Paving Practices In Aiken, Sc, Casey Johnson
Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Bioretention Cells And Porous Paving Practices In Aiken, Sc, Casey Johnson
All Theses
This work seeks to quantify the impact and effectiveness of green infrastructure practices, specifically bioretention cells and porous asphalts, for the reduction of peak flow and volume of stormwater that discharges into the headwaters of the Sand River watershed in Aiken, SC. Stormwater runoff flows and volumes were monitored in the upper Sand River watershed that includes the urban Aiken area, along with two nested subwatersheds, prior to, during, and after the construction of the bioretention cells and porous asphalt sites. Flow data from these monitoring stations were analyzed and the data suggested that there was no significant reduction in …
Composite Sandwich Structures With Honeycomb Core Subjected To Impact, Lei He
Composite Sandwich Structures With Honeycomb Core Subjected To Impact, Lei He
All Theses
Composite sandwich structures constructed with honeycomb core can be an effective means of absorbing impact in many engineer applications. Conventional hexagonal honeycomb exhibit an effective positive Poisson's ratio, are commonly employed due to their lightweight and high axial stiffness properties. In contrast, auxetic honeycombs offer high in-plane shear stiffness, and exhibit negative Poisson's ratios with lateral extension, instead of contraction, when stretched axially.
In this study, the dynamic response of an aluminum composite panel with a honeycomb core constrained within two thin face sheets is investigated undergoing impact with a rigid ball. The finite element models used to simulate impact …
Analysis Of Energy Savings Through The Use Of Displacement Ventilation In Domestic Buildings, Patrick Daffin
Analysis Of Energy Savings Through The Use Of Displacement Ventilation In Domestic Buildings, Patrick Daffin
All Theses
This study investigates the conditions under which it might be possible to implement a displacement ventilation system in a residential building. An experimental study of the impact on a mechanical air conditioning system of the vertical location of the inlet and outlet vents was performed. The four ventilation configurations of low inlet high outlet, low inlet low outlet, high inlet high outlet, and high inlet low outlet were compared. These four configurations were compared under 13 different heat load scenarios in a full scale instrumented model room. It was found that, for higher heat loads, the low inlet high outlet …
Concept Generation Using Morphological And Options Matrices, Dani George
Concept Generation Using Morphological And Options Matrices, Dani George
All Theses
The use of morphological matrices as a tool to aid concept generation is examined. Two limitations of the method are highlighted; (1) the large number of potential combinatorial possibilities and (2) the lack of design details in the system concepts generated. An Integrated Idea Generation (IIG) method is proposed to support the generation of detailed system concepts effectively without performing a full factorial combination of the means within a morphological matrix. Pairwise functional combinations are extracted from the functions listed in the morphological matrix and explored in detail using options matrices and innovation challenges, encouraging designers to identify implicit assumptions …
Study Of Cell Viability During Laser Direct Writing Of Cell-Alginate Suspension, Hemanth Gudapati
Study Of Cell Viability During Laser Direct Writing Of Cell-Alginate Suspension, Hemanth Gudapati
All Theses
Laser-assisted cell printing, developed based on Matrix-assisted pulsed-laser evaporation direct-write (MAPLE DW), a typical LIFT (laser-induced forward transfer) practice, has been emerging as one of the most promising biofabrication techniques. Alginate, particularly sodium alginate, is extensively used as the constituent of bioink in laser-assisted cell printing. However, thus far, studies investigating the effect of alginate gelation on cell viability in laser-assisted cell printing are lacking. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of gelation, gelation time, sodium alginate concentration, and the effect of operating conditions such as the laser fluence on post-transfer cell viability during laser-assisted cell …
Preliminary Investigation Into The Design Of Thermally Responsive Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Colloids, Monte Bedford
Preliminary Investigation Into The Design Of Thermally Responsive Forster Resonance Energy Transfer Colloids, Monte Bedford
All Theses
While nuclear imaging techniques (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Positron Emission Tomography) have proven effective for diagnosis and treatment of disease in the human body, fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging offers additional benefits. Fluorescent imaging provides high resolution with real-time response, persistent lifetime (hours to days), cell targeting, and transdermal penetration with minimal physical encumbrance. Malignant cells can be targeted by absorbance of exogenous fluorescent nanoprobe contrast agents. Imaging is improved by fluorescent enhancement, especially by energy transfer between attached dyes. Also for use against cancer are heat-active treatments, such as hyperthermal, photothermal, and chemothermal therapies. Helpful to these treatments is …
Durability Of Reinforced Concrete Incorporating Crushed Waste Brick As Coarse Aggregate, Matthew Adamson
Durability Of Reinforced Concrete Incorporating Crushed Waste Brick As Coarse Aggregate, Matthew Adamson
All Theses
Using crushed bricks as aggregates in concrete is of particular interest to preserve natural aggregate sources as well as to reduce waste, as it has been estimated that 10% to 30% of all waste in landfills in the united States comes from construction and demolition wastes. By recycling some of these wastes, the sustainability of a project can be improved. However, it is important concrete incorporating these wastes is as durable or more durable then conventional concrete, or will it have a shorter service life. Durability of concrete is its ability to resist deterioration from its external environment such as …
Reverse Osmosis Desalination With Integrated Compressed Air Energy Storage: Conceptual Design And Modeling, Pooja Mahajan
Reverse Osmosis Desalination With Integrated Compressed Air Energy Storage: Conceptual Design And Modeling, Pooja Mahajan
All Theses
Growing fresh water needs have led to an interest in water desalination using reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Energy consumption has a large share in the expenses incurred to drive a reverse osmosis desalination system. With depleting fossil fuel reserves, tapping renewable sources of energy is a promising alternative to meet the energy requirements. Wind power coupled to an RO desalination system is a potential means of delivering clean water using sustainable energy. This work investigates modeling of a conceptual wind-energy-driven RO desalination system that is made possible because of an air-pressure energy storage mechanism. Bench-scale experiments were performed on an …
The Control Of Nitrogenous And Carbonaceous Disinfection Byproduct Precursors With Magnetic Ion Exchange, Xiaojie Gan
The Control Of Nitrogenous And Carbonaceous Disinfection Byproduct Precursors With Magnetic Ion Exchange, Xiaojie Gan
All Theses
The objective of this study was to examine the potential of the magnetic ion exchange (MIEX®) process to remove nitrogenous disinfection byproduct (N-DBP) precursors while minimizing carbonaceous DBP (C-DBP) precursors in different water matrices. In the first phase of the study, the MIEX® process was tested in raw dinking waters and waters impacted effluent from wastewater treatment plant. Samples were collected from several drinking water/wastewater treatment plants in South Carolina. The effluent impacted source waters were prepared by mixing treated wastewater effluents with a drinking water. For all samples, formation potential (FP) tests were conducted for regulated trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic …
Estimating Water Flux And Storage Using Displacement Measurements In Saprolite At Depth, Clay Freeman
Estimating Water Flux And Storage Using Displacement Measurements In Saprolite At Depth, Clay Freeman
All Theses
Water storage in the soil is important for many hydrologic problems, but measuring how the storage changes at an appropriate scale remains a challenge. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the feasibility of estimating change in water content in soil by measuring vertical displacement in underlying soils. This approach is appealing because the averaging volume of the displacement scales with the depth at which the measurements are taken. This should result in measurements of changes in soil moisture that are averaged over regions 10s to 100s of meters across, a measurement scale that is much larger than that …
Development Of Feature Recognition Algorithm For Automated Identification Of Duplicate Geometries In Cad Models, Aravind Shanthakumar
Development Of Feature Recognition Algorithm For Automated Identification Of Duplicate Geometries In Cad Models, Aravind Shanthakumar
All Theses
This research presents a feature recognition algorithm for the automated identification of duplicate geometries in the CAD assembly. The duplicate geometry is one of the seven indicators of the lazy parts mass reduction method. The lazy parts method is a light weight engineering method that is used for analyzing parts with the mass reduction potential. The duplicate geometry is defined as any geometries lying equal to or within the threshold distance with the user-defined orientation between them and have the percentage similarity that is equal to or greater than the threshold value. The feature recognition system developed in this research …
Characterization And Restoration Of Historic Rosendale Cement Mortars For The Purpose Of Restoration, Stephanie Hart
Characterization And Restoration Of Historic Rosendale Cement Mortars For The Purpose Of Restoration, Stephanie Hart
All Theses
Mortar was a very common building material in today's historic sites. Before Portland cement was manufactured at a global level, Rosendale cement was commonly used in these mortars. Over time, these mortars in historic sites have begun to break down and wear away. With Rosendale cement in production again, measures can be taken to restore and repair the historic mortars. However, little testing has been done to establish durability of modern Rosendale cement mortars. This presentation highlights the common mix techniques used at the time, and undergoes experiments to establish general properties and predict future durability. Six different mortar mixes …
Analysis And Evaluation Of Existing And Novel Turbulent Dynamic Pressure Based Methods For Measuring Bridge Pier And Abutment Scour, Murray Fisher
Analysis And Evaluation Of Existing And Novel Turbulent Dynamic Pressure Based Methods For Measuring Bridge Pier And Abutment Scour, Murray Fisher
All Dissertations
Scour is one of the most significant threats to bridge infrastructure and is the leading cause of failure within the United States. Given this risk to the nation’s transportation infrastructure, it is necessary to understand the development of scour holes around bridge piers and abutments. This can be achieved with scour monitoring, a Federal Highway Administration approved scour countermeasure. As the monitoring techniques available range from simple devices that rest on or in the channel bed to advanced scanning systems that provide a bed contour profile, a concise study of the state of the art in real time scour measurement …
Towards Trustworthy, Efficient And Scalable Distributed Wireless Systems, Ze Li
Towards Trustworthy, Efficient And Scalable Distributed Wireless Systems, Ze Li
All Dissertations
Advances in wireless technologies have enabled distributed mobile devices to connect with each other to form distributed wireless systems. Due to the absence of infrastructure, distributed wireless systems require node cooperation in multi-hop routing. However, the openness and decentralized nature of distributed wireless systems where each node labors under a resource constraint introduces three challenges: (1) cooperation incentives that effectively encourage nodes to offer services and thwart the intentions of selfish and malicious nodes, (2) cooperation incentives that are efficient to deploy, use and maintain, and (3) routing to efficiently deliver messages with less overhead and lower delay. While most …
The Effects Of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure On The Metabolic And Mechanical Properties Of Articular Cartilage, Carl Lindburg
The Effects Of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure On The Metabolic And Mechanical Properties Of Articular Cartilage, Carl Lindburg
All Theses
Radiation therapy is necessary treatment for many cancer patients due to its non-surgical, yet aggressive and efficacious properties. In fact, over 50% of patients with cancer will undergo some form of radiotherapy during the course of their treatment. While the biological response to ionizing radiation has been examined over the years and many adverse effects have been identified, the effects of radiation on mature cartilage and musculoskeletal tissues are not well understood. Bone, once thought to be a tissue relatively resistant to radiation, has recently been shown to have osteoporosis-like bone atrophy after exposure to low doses (2 Gy) of …