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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Uncovering And Mitigating Spurious Features In Domain Generalization, Saeed Karimi, Hamdi̇ Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Uncovering And Mitigating Spurious Features In Domain Generalization, Saeed Karimi, Hamdi̇ Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Domain generalization (DG) techniques strive to attain the ability to generalize to an unfamiliar target domain solely based on training data originating from the source domains. Despite the increasing attention given to learning from multiple training domains through the application of various forms of invariance across those domains, the enhancements observed in comparison to ERM are nearly insignificant under specified evaluation rules. In this paper, we demonstrate that the disentanglement of spurious and invariant features is a challenging task in conventional training since ERM simply minimizes the loss and does not exploit invariance among domains. To address this issue, we …
Motion Magnification-Inspired Feature Manipulation For Deepfake Detection, Aydamir Mirzayev, Hamdi Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Motion Magnification-Inspired Feature Manipulation For Deepfake Detection, Aydamir Mirzayev, Hamdi Di̇bekli̇oğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Recent advances in deep learning, increased availability of large-scale datasets, and improvement of accelerated graphics processing units facilitated creation of an unprecedented amount of synthetically generated media content with impressive visual quality. Although such technology is used predominantly for entertainment, there is widespread practice of using deepfake technology for malevolent ends. This potential for malicious use necessitates the creation of detection methods capable of reliably distinguishing manipulated video content. In this work we aim to create a learning-based detection method for synthetically generated videos. To this end, we attempt to detect spatiotemporal inconsistencies by leveraging a learning-based magnification-inspired feature manipulation …
Indian Sign Language Classification (Isl) Using Machine Learning, Subhalaxmi Chakraborty, Nanak Bandyopadhyay, Piyal Chakraverty, Swatilekha Banerjee, Zinnia Sarkar, Sweta Ghosh
Indian Sign Language Classification (Isl) Using Machine Learning, Subhalaxmi Chakraborty, Nanak Bandyopadhyay, Piyal Chakraverty, Swatilekha Banerjee, Zinnia Sarkar, Sweta Ghosh
American Journal of Electronics & Communication (AJEC)
Communication is a crucial for humans, it is most vital. People with hearing or speaking disabilities need a way to communicate with other people of the society and vice versa. This paper presents a novel methodology in classifying the English Alphabets shown via various hand gestures in The Indian Sign Language (ISL) using Mediapipe Hands API, launched by Google. The objective of using this API is to detect 21 landmarks in each hand along with their x, y and z coordinates in 3D space. Due to the scarcity of proper dataset available on the internet for ISL, at the very …
Implementing A Self Driven Edge Avoiding Robot ------------ Using Arduino, Dr.Sudipta Basu Pal, Amit Kumar Maji, Rohit Hazra
Implementing A Self Driven Edge Avoiding Robot ------------ Using Arduino, Dr.Sudipta Basu Pal, Amit Kumar Maji, Rohit Hazra
American Journal of Electronics & Communication (AJEC)
Robot navigation requires the guidance of a mobile robot through the desired path to the desired goal avoiding obstacles and hazards encountered in an unknown environment. Detection and avoidance of obstacles, collisions and hazardous situations are in the first place. However, path planning and arrival at the desired goal is also an essential part of the reliable and secure navigation of mobile robots. Planning the optimal path requires optimization of specific navigation performance, such as the minimum time until the robot reaches desired goal with a minimum of control, but also requires to comply with certain restrictions in robot motion, …
A Deep Transfer Learning Based Model For Automatic Detection Of Covid-19from Chest X-Rays, Prateek Chhikara, Prakhar Gupta, Prabhjot Singh, Tarunpreet Bhatia
A Deep Transfer Learning Based Model For Automatic Detection Of Covid-19from Chest X-Rays, Prateek Chhikara, Prakhar Gupta, Prabhjot Singh, Tarunpreet Bhatia
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Deep learning in medical imaging has revolutionized the way we interpret medical data, as high computational devices' capabilities are far more than their creators. With the pandemic causing havoc for the second straight year, the findings in our paper will allow researchers worldwide to use and create state-of-the-art models to detect affected persons before it reaches the R number. The paper proposes an automated diagnostic tool using the deep learning models on chest x-rays as an input to reach a point where we surpass this pandemic (COVID-19 disease). A deep transfer learning-based model for automatic detection of COVID-19 from chest …
Navigating In Numerous Video Data: User Interface Design For An On-Camera Video Analytics Engine, Sabriya Maryam Alam
Navigating In Numerous Video Data: User Interface Design For An On-Camera Video Analytics Engine, Sabriya Maryam Alam
The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research
Video analytics powered by artificial intelligence shows high promise in making our society smarter. Harnessing large amounts of video data, however, requires the development of processing systems demonstrating high performance and high efficiency. To this end, this work has contributed to a video analytics system powered by artificial intelligence for object detection and recognition. Rather than streaming all the video frames to the cloud, the system analyzes images on-camera and only returns those of interest to the cloud. This edge analytics research-grade software is available, but it lacks a simple web interface for general use by scientists, engineers, and other …
Deep Temporal Motion Descriptor (Dtmd) For Human Action Recognition, Nudrat Nida, Muhammad Haroon Yousaf, Aun Irtaza, Sergio A. Velastin
Deep Temporal Motion Descriptor (Dtmd) For Human Action Recognition, Nudrat Nida, Muhammad Haroon Yousaf, Aun Irtaza, Sergio A. Velastin
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Spatiotemporal features have significant importance in human action recognition, as they provide the actor's shape and motion characteristics specific to each action class. This paper presents a new deep spatiotemporal human action representation, the deep temporal motion descriptor (DTMD), which shares the attributes of holistic and deep learned features. To generate the DTMD descriptor, the actor?s silhouettes are gathered into single motion templates by applying motion history images. These motion templates capture the spatiotemporal movements of the actor and compactly represent the human actions using a single 2D template. Then deep convolutional neural networks are used to compute discriminative deep …
Elimination Of Useless Images From Raw Camera-Trap Data, Ulaş Tekeli̇, Yalin Baştanlar
Elimination Of Useless Images From Raw Camera-Trap Data, Ulaş Tekeli̇, Yalin Baştanlar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Camera-traps are motion triggered cameras that are used to observe animals in nature. The number of images collected from camera-traps has increased significantly with the widening use of camera-traps thanks to advances in digital technology. A great workload is required for wild-life researchers to group and label these images. We propose a system to decrease the amount of time spent by the researchers by eliminating useless images from raw camera-trap data. These images are too bright, too dark, blurred, or they contain no animals. To eliminate bright, dark, and blurred images we employ techniques based on image histograms and fast …
Assessing The Importance Of Features For Detection Of Hard Exudates In Retinal Images, Kemal Akyol, Baha Şen, Şafak Bayir, Hasan Basri̇ Çakmak
Assessing The Importance Of Features For Detection Of Hard Exudates In Retinal Images, Kemal Akyol, Baha Şen, Şafak Bayir, Hasan Basri̇ Çakmak
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Diabetes disrupts the operation of the eye and leads to vision loss, affecting particularly the nerve layer and capillary vessels in this layer by changes in the blood vessels of the retina.~Suddenly loss and blurred vision problems occur in the image, depending on the phase of the disease, called diabetic retinopathy. Hard exudates are one of the primary signs of diabetic retinopathy. Automatic recognition of hard exudates in retinal images can contribute to detection of the disease. We present an automatic screening system for the detection of hard exudates. This system consists of two main steps. Firstly, the features were …
Joint Source-Channel Coding For Error Resilient Transmission Of Static 3d Models, Mehmet Oğuz Bi̇ci̇, Andrey Norkin, Gözde Akar
Joint Source-Channel Coding For Error Resilient Transmission Of Static 3d Models, Mehmet Oğuz Bi̇ci̇, Andrey Norkin, Gözde Akar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, performance analysis of joint source-channel coding techniques for error-resilient transmission of three dimensional (3D) models are presented. In particular, packet based transmission scenarios are analyzed. The packet loss resilient methods are classified into two groups according to progressive compression schemes employed: Compressed Progressive Meshes (CPM) based methods and wavelet based methods. In the first group, layers of CPM algorithm are protected unequally by Forward Error Correction (FEC) using Reed Solomon (RS) codes. In the second group, embedded bitstream obtained from wavelet based coding is protected unequally with FEC as well. Both groups of methods are scalable with …
Human Identification Using Gait, Murat Eki̇nci̇
Human Identification Using Gait, Murat Eki̇nci̇
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Gait refers to the style of walking of an individual. This paper presents a view-invariant approach for human identification at a distance, using gait recognition. Recognition of a person from their gait is a biometric of increasing interest. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), this paper describes a simple, but efficient approach to gait recognition. Binarized silhouettes of a motion object are represented by 1-D signals, which are the basic image features called distance vectors. The distance vectors are differences between the bounding box and silhouette, and are extracted using 4 projections of the silhouette. Based on normalized correlation of …
Object Classfification In Computer Vision With Discriminant Analysis, Amir Hamzahan
Object Classfification In Computer Vision With Discriminant Analysis, Amir Hamzahan
Makara Journal of Technology
A robotic sensor system is always supported by a computer system called ‘computer vision’. The important concept of computer vision is object classfifi cation. In this study two algorithms for object classifi cation in this system will be compared. Firstly, A simple method that do not need complex computation and that considered as an informal method is called binary tree decision structure. This method is based on modest caracteristic decriptors of an object such as vertical line, horizontal line or ellipse line. Unfortunately this method has weakness in recognize an image that contaminated by a noise. Secondly, a more formal …
Knowledge-Based Navigation For Autonomous Road Vehicles, Murat Eki̇nci̇, Franches W.J.Gibbs, Barry T. Thomas
Knowledge-Based Navigation For Autonomous Road Vehicles, Murat Eki̇nci̇, Franches W.J.Gibbs, Barry T. Thomas
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This paper presents a computer vision system for an autonomous road vehicle (ARV) that is capable of negotiating complex road networks including road junctions in real time. The ultimate aim of the system is to enable the vehicle to drive automatically along a given complex road network whose geometric description is known. This computer vision system includes three main techniques which are necessary for an ARV: a) road following, b) road junction detection, c) manoeuvring at the road junction. The road following algorithm presents a method of executing a number of algorithms using different methods concurrently, fusing their outputs together …
Adaptive Shape From Shading, Ati̇lla Gülteki̇n, Muhi̇tti̇n Gökmen
Adaptive Shape From Shading, Ati̇lla Gülteki̇n, Muhi̇tti̇n Gökmen
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Extracting surface orientation and surface depth from one or more images is one of the classic problems in computer vision. Shape-from-shading (SFS) deals with the recovery of 3-D shape from a single shaded image. The shape is recovered by minimizing an energy functional involving constraints such as smoothness. In this constrained problem, although the smoothness constraint helps to stabilize the minimization process, it pushes the reconstruction toward a smooth surface. In this paper, we present a new adaptive shape-from-shading method which reduces this oversmoothing by controlling the smoothness spatially over the image space. In order to improve the quality of …