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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Breast Cancer Risk In Women With Breast Bilateral Asymmetry: Machine Learning Based Risk Analysis And Mitigation Through Developing A Framework For Customized Bra Design, Xi Feng
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer globally, accounting for 12.5% of all new cases annually. Research has found a significant correlation between breast bilateral asymmetry and an increased risk of cancer, with women diagnosed with breast cancer having higher levels of bilateral asymmetrical breast volume. Unfortunately, 87% of women with breast asymmetry lack adequate tools for assessing their cancer risk. Early screening using bilateral asymmetry to predict a woman's long-term risk of breast cancer can help physicians make informed decisions about whether to recommend sequential imaging and the frequency of screening. Another important factor in understanding the …
Machine Learning Classifiers For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Using Lung Ct Data., Halimah Alsurayhi
Machine Learning Classifiers For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Using Lung Ct Data., Halimah Alsurayhi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a condition characterized by persistent inflammation and airflow blockages in the lungs, contributing to a significant number of deaths globally each year. To guide tailored treatment strategies and mitigate future risks, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) employs a multifaceted assessment system of COPD severity, considering patient's lung function, symptoms, and exacerbation history. COPD staging systems, such as the high-resolution eight-stage COPD system and the GOLD 2023 three staging systems, have been later developed based on these factors. Lung Computed Tomography (CT) is becoming increasingly crucial in investigating COPD as it …
Anomaly Detection On Partial Point Clouds For The Purpose Of Identifying Damage On The Exterior Of Spacecrafts, Kaitlin T. Hutton
Anomaly Detection On Partial Point Clouds For The Purpose Of Identifying Damage On The Exterior Of Spacecrafts, Kaitlin T. Hutton
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The Canadarm3 is going to operate autonomously aboard the Lunar Gateway space station for the purpose of inspections and repairs. To make the repairs, damage to the spacecraft needs to be detected accurately and automatically. This research investigates methods for training Machine Learning models on 3D point clouds to identify anomalous structural damage. The PointNet algorithm was used to train models on point clouds without affecting their structure. The optimal training data style was found by comparing how well the different styles of data performed at classifying the point cloud testing data. Two different methods of anomaly detection were tested …
Optimized And Automated Machine Learning Techniques Towards Iot Data Analytics And Cybersecurity, Li Yang
Optimized And Automated Machine Learning Techniques Towards Iot Data Analytics And Cybersecurity, Li Yang
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems have emerged as a prevalent technology in our daily lives. With the wide spread of sensors and smart devices in recent years, the data generation volume and speed of IoT systems have increased dramatically. In most IoT systems, massive volumes of data must be processed, transformed, and analyzed on a frequent basis to enable various IoT services and functionalities. Machine Learning (ML) approaches have shown their capacity for IoT data analytics. However, applying ML models to IoT data analytics tasks still faces many difficulties and challenges. The first challenge is to process large amounts of dynamic …
Machine Learning With Big Data For Electrical Load Forecasting, Alexandra L'Heureux
Machine Learning With Big Data For Electrical Load Forecasting, Alexandra L'Heureux
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Today, the amount of data collected is exploding at an unprecedented rate due to developments in Web technologies, social media, mobile and sensing devices and the internet of things (IoT). Data is gathered in every aspect of our lives: from financial information to smart home devices and everything in between. The driving force behind these extensive data collections is the promise of increased knowledge. Therefore, the potential of Big Data relies on our ability to extract value from these massive data sets. Machine learning is central to this quest because of its ability to learn from data and provide data-driven …
Automated Segmentation Of The Inner Ear And Round Window In Computed Tomography Scans Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Kyle A. Rioux
Automated Segmentation Of The Inner Ear And Round Window In Computed Tomography Scans Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Kyle A. Rioux
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Computed tomography (CT) scans are acquired prior to cochlear implant (CI) surgery. Three-dimensional segmentations of the inner ear (IE) and round window (RW) based on clinical CTs can improve the CI procedure. Software pipelines are presented here which employ convolutional neural networks to automatically segment the IE and RW. The first pipeline produces high resolution segmentations of the IE and RW in tightly cropped CTs. Mean IE Dice score and RW centroid error were 0.88, 0.57mm and 0.93, 0.18mm in implanted and non-implanted samples, respectively. The second pipeline automatically segments the IE in large field of view CTs of any …
The Role Of Transient Vibration Of The Skull On Concussion, Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho Da Silva
The Role Of Transient Vibration Of The Skull On Concussion, Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho Da Silva
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Concussion is a traumatic brain injury usually caused by a direct or indirect blow to the head that affects brain function. The maximum mechanical impedance of the brain tissue occurs at 450±50 Hz and may be affected by the skull resonant frequencies. After an impact to the head, vibration resonance of the skull damages the underlying cortex. The skull deforms and vibrates, like a bell for 3 to 5 milliseconds, bruising the cortex. Furthermore, the deceleration forces the frontal and temporal cortex against the skull, eliminating a layer of cerebrospinal fluid. When the skull vibrates, the force spreads directly to …
Leveraging Machine Learning Techniques Towards Intelligent Networking Automation, Cesar A. Gomez
Leveraging Machine Learning Techniques Towards Intelligent Networking Automation, Cesar A. Gomez
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
In this thesis, we address some of the challenges that the Intelligent Networking Automation (INA) paradigm poses. Our goal is to design schemes leveraging Machine Learning (ML) techniques to cope with situations that involve hard decision-making actions. The proposed solutions are data-driven and consist of an agent that operates at network elements such as routers, switches, or network servers. The data are gathered from realistic scenarios, either actual network deployments or emulated environments. To evaluate the enhancements that the designed schemes provide, we compare our solutions to non-intelligent ones. Additionally, we assess the trade-off between the obtained improvements and the …
An Anomaly Detection System For Smart Manufacturing Using Deep Learning, Tareq Tayeh
An Anomaly Detection System For Smart Manufacturing Using Deep Learning, Tareq Tayeh
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The smart manufacturing evolution enables financial and operational improvements across the manufacturing industry. However, smart manufacturing encompasses complex, interconnected systems which can fail at any time. To address this challenge, a novel, two-part anomaly detection system for robotic processes, with an application focus on robotic surface finishing, is presented. The first part proposes an unsupervised Attention-based Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Autoencoder with Dynamic Thresholding (ACLAE-DT) framework for anomaly detection and diagnosis in multivariate time series of robotic surface finishing components. The second part proposes a deep residual Convolutional Neural Network-based triplet model for anomaly detection in the produced robotic surface …
Terramechanics And Machine Learning For The Characterization Of Terrain, Bryan W. Southwell
Terramechanics And Machine Learning For The Characterization Of Terrain, Bryan W. Southwell
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
An instrumented rover wheel can collect vast amounts of data about a planetary surface. Planetary surfaces are changed by complex geological processes which can be better understood with an abundance of surface data and the use of terramechanics. Identifying terrain parameters such as cohesion and angle of friction hold importance for both the rover driver and the planetary scientist. Knowledge of terrain characteristics can warn of unsafe terrain and flag potential interesting scientific sites. The instrumented wheel in this research utilizes a pressure pad to sense load and sinkage, a string potentiometer to measure slip, and records motor current draw. …
Optimized Machine Learning Models Towards Intelligent Systems, Mohammadnoor Ahmad Mohammad Injadat
Optimized Machine Learning Models Towards Intelligent Systems, Mohammadnoor Ahmad Mohammad Injadat
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The rapid growth of the Internet and related technologies has led to the collection of large amounts of data by individuals, organizations, and society in general [1]. However, this often leads to information overload which occurs when the amount of input (e.g. data) a human is trying to process exceeds their cognitive capacities [2]. Machine learning (ML) has been proposed as one potential methodology capable of extracting useful information from large sets of data [1]. This thesis focuses on two applications. The first is education, namely e-Learning environments. Within this field, this thesis proposes different optimized ML ensemble models to …
Machine Learning Classification Of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Using Satellite Accelerometers, Kelsey Doerksen
Machine Learning Classification Of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Using Satellite Accelerometers, Kelsey Doerksen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Space weather phenomena is a complex area of research as there are many different variables and signatures that are used to identify the occurrence of solar storms and Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), with inconsistencies between databases and solar storm catalogues. The identification of space weather events is important from a satellite operation point of view, as strong geomagnetic storms can cause orbit perturbations to satellites in low-earth orbit. The Disturbance storm time (Dst) and the Planetary K-index (Kp) are common indices used to identify the occurrence of geomagnetic storms caused by ICMEs, among several other signatures that are not …
Machine Learning For Performance Aware Virtual Network Function Placement, Dimitrios Michael Manias
Machine Learning For Performance Aware Virtual Network Function Placement, Dimitrios Michael Manias
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
With the growing demand for data connectivity, network service providers are faced with the task of reducing their capital and operational expenses while simultaneously improving network performance and addressing the increased connectivity demand. Although Network Function Virtualization has been identified as a potential solution, several challenges must be addressed to ensure its feasibility. The work presented in this thesis addresses the Virtual Network Function (VNF) placement problem through the development of a machine learning-based Delay-Aware Tree (DAT) which learns from the previous placement of VNF instances forming a Service Function Chain. The DAT is able to predict VNF instance placements …
Adaptation Of A Deep Learning Algorithm For Traffic Sign Detection, Jose Luis Masache Narvaez
Adaptation Of A Deep Learning Algorithm For Traffic Sign Detection, Jose Luis Masache Narvaez
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Traffic signs detection is becoming increasingly important as various approaches for automation using computer vision are becoming widely used in the industry. Typical applications include autonomous driving systems, mapping and cataloging traffic signs by municipalities. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown state of the art performances in classification tasks, and as a result, object detection algorithms based on CNNs have become popular in computer vision tasks. Two-stage detection algorithms like region proposal methods (R-CNN and Faster R-CNN) have better performance in terms of localization and recognition accuracy. However, these methods require high computational power for training and inference that make …
Intraoperative Localization Of Subthalamic Nucleus During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Mahsa Khosravi
Intraoperative Localization Of Subthalamic Nucleus During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Mahsa Khosravi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis presents a novel technique for localizing the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) during Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery. DBS is an accepted treatment for individuals living with Parkinson's Disease (PD). This surgery involves implantation of a permanent electrode inside the STN to deliver electrical current. The STN is a small grey matter structure within the brain, which makes accurate placement a challenging task for the surgical team. Prior to placement of the permanent electrode, intraoperative microelectrode recordings (MERs) of neural activity are used to localize the STN. The placement of the permanent electrode and the success of the stimulation therapy …
Autonomous And Real Time Rock Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Alexis David Pascual
Autonomous And Real Time Rock Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Alexis David Pascual
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Autonomous image recognition has numerous potential applications in the field of planetary science and geology. For instance, having the ability to classify images of rocks would allow geologists to have immediate feedback without having to bring back samples to the laboratory. Also, planetary rovers could classify rocks in remote places and even in other planets without needing human intervention. In 2017, Shu et. al. used a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification algorithm to classify 9 different types of rock images using a with the image features extracted autonomously. Through this method, they achieved a test accuracy of 96.71%. Within the …
Real-Time Intrusion Detection Using Multidimensional Sequence-To-Sequence Machine Learning And Adaptive Stream Processing, Gobinath Loganathan
Real-Time Intrusion Detection Using Multidimensional Sequence-To-Sequence Machine Learning And Adaptive Stream Processing, Gobinath Loganathan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
A network intrusion is any unauthorized activity on a computer network. There are host-based and network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS's), of which there are each signature-based and anomaly-based detection methods. An anomalous network behavior can be defined as an intentional violation of the expected sequence of packets. In a real-time network-based IDS, incoming packets are treated as a stream of data. A stream processor takes any stream of data or events and extracts interesting patterns on the fly. This representation allows applying statistical anomaly detection using sequence prediction algorithms as well as using a stream processor to perform signature-based intrusion …