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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Study Of Spatiotemporal Signatures Between Objects To Improve Video Segmentation In Complex Environments, Adam Robert Reckley
Study Of Spatiotemporal Signatures Between Objects To Improve Video Segmentation In Complex Environments, Adam Robert Reckley
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Background subtraction is often considered to be a required stage of any video surveillance system being used to detect objects in a single frame and/or track objects across multiple frames in a video sequence. Most current state-of-the-art techniques for object detection and tracking utilize some form of background subtraction that involves developing a model of the background at a pixel, region or frame level and designating any elements that deviate from the background model as foreground. Most existing approaches are capable of segmenting a number of distinct components, but are unable to distinguish between the desired object of interest and …
Fusion Of Visual And Thermal Images Using Genetic Algorithms, Sertan Erkanli
Fusion Of Visual And Thermal Images Using Genetic Algorithms, Sertan Erkanli
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Demands for reliable person identification systems have increased significantly due to highly security risks in our daily life. Recently, person identification systems are built upon the biometrics techniques such as face recognition. Although face recognition systems have reached a certain level of maturity, their accomplishments in practical applications are restricted by some challenges, such as illumination variations. Current visual face recognition systems perform relatively well under controlled illumination conditions while thermal face recognition systems are more advantageous for detecting disguised faces or when there is no illumination control. A hybrid system utilizing both visual and thermal images for face recognition …
A Neighborhood Dependent Nonlinear Technique For Enhancement Of Color Images Captured Under Non-Uniform Lighting Conditions, Rupal Patel
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The aim of image enhancement process is to improve the interpretability of the information in images for human viewers or to provide better input for automated image processing techniques. Many image processing applications begin with a nonlinear enhancement process to improve visual quality of video sequences captured under nonuniform lighting conditions. This improves the visibility of the scene captured from physical sensing devices which have limited dynamic range. This physical limitation causes the saturated region of the image to either shadow out or wash out the rest of the scene. When extremely bright and dark regions are present in an …
Expression Invariant Face Recognition Using Shifted Phase-Encoded Joint Transform Correlation Technique, Trisha Ahmed
Expression Invariant Face Recognition Using Shifted Phase-Encoded Joint Transform Correlation Technique, Trisha Ahmed
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
A new face recognition algorithm using a synthetic discriminant function based shifted phase-encoded fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation (SDF-SPFJTC) technique is proposed. The dark region in an input image is enhanced by using a nonlinear technique named ratio enhancement in gaussian neighborhood (REIGN). Histogram equalization and Gaussian smoothing are then performed to the enhanced face images and the synthetic discriminant function (SDF) image before they are subjected to the joint transform correlation process. The two distinct correlation peaks produced on extreme ends of the SPFJTC plane signifies the recognition of a potential target. A post processing step utilizes the peak-to-clutter ratio …
A Robust Method To Detect Concealed Weapons, Anand Gone
A Robust Method To Detect Concealed Weapons, Anand Gone
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Concealed weapons detection is a large problem that is faced by the Police Department nowadays. There are many disasters caused by poor detection of the weapons. Since public safety is at risk there is a need to design an efficient detector that can detect the weapons hidden under the clothing. This thesis presents a novel method for detecting concealed weapons under clothing using image processing techniques. In this thesis IR imagery is used to capture an image which works on the principle of law of black body radiation. Image thresholding is performed on the captured data using Sauvola's adaptive thresholding …
Object Detection In Poor Visibility Conditions Using Image Segmentation, Triveni Vuppalapati
Object Detection In Poor Visibility Conditions Using Image Segmentation, Triveni Vuppalapati
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
It can be dangerous for a pilot to attempt to land an aircraft safely in poor visibility conditions such as rain, fog, haze, snow and low light, but external imagery of a runway can be enhanced to provide increased situational awareness. Objects that are detected in a scene may or may not be a hazard, so interpretation is left to the pilot. In order to detect whether an object is a hazard to safe landing, it is necessary to determine whether the object is on the runway. For this purpose, two image segmentation algorithms: histogram based d-peak algorithm and local …
Robust Edge-Detection Algorithm For Runway Edge Detection, Swathi Tandra
Robust Edge-Detection Algorithm For Runway Edge Detection, Swathi Tandra
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Fog and other such weather conditions hamper the visibility of runway surfaces and any obstacles present on the runway, creating a situation where a pilot may not be able to safely land the aircraft. Assisting the pilot to land the aircraft safely in such conditions is an active area of research. A new method is being investigated that combines non-linear image enhancement with classification of runway edges to detect objects on the runway. The image is segmented into runway and non-runway regions, and objects that are found in the runway regions are deemed to constitute potential hazards. For runway edge …
Joint Transform Correlation With A Synthetic Discrimination Function For Object Classification, Inder K. Purohit
Joint Transform Correlation With A Synthetic Discrimination Function For Object Classification, Inder K. Purohit
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
A novel method using adaptive progressive thresholding (APT) and shifted phase-encoded fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation (SPFJTC) that employs a synthetic discriminant function (SDF) image for object classification is presented in this thesis. An adaptive progressive thresholding scheme first processes the given input scene to separate any objects present in the scene from the background. The preprocessing step results in an image having only the foreground objects, such as boats, trees and other cluttered regions, and hence reduces the search space for the correlation step significantly. The processed irμage is then fed to the shifted phase-encoded fringe-adjusted joint transform correlator, which …
Image Pre-Processing Techniques For Hazard Detection In Poor Visibility Conditions, Girish Singh Rajput
Image Pre-Processing Techniques For Hazard Detection In Poor Visibility Conditions, Girish Singh Rajput
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Runway incursion is a persistent problem that has resulted in some of the most devastating accidents in aviation history. With ever increasing air traffic and more passengers, runway safety is of utmost priority to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other agencies concerned with aviation. As the issue of aviation safety becomes increasingly important, developing a consistent application that detects runway incursions in various visibility conditions is crucial for the aviation industry. This thesis presents a novel method for detecting runway hazards in poor visibility conditions using image processing techniques. The first step is to obtain images of a runway …
Image Processing Technique For Runway Segmentation Using Color Spaces, Naresh Reddy Reddy
Image Processing Technique For Runway Segmentation Using Color Spaces, Naresh Reddy Reddy
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Aircrafts of the future now face the challenge of growing demand for safety which will require a more significant level of pilot assistance than is available today. During an approach to the airport runway, an algorithm that continuously segments the runway from the rest of the background with very little human intervention is very useful for both enhancing the landing safety and reducing the pilot's work load. This thesis presents a novel method for segmenting airport runways on a clear day and in poor visibility conditions using the color space components. In this thesis, collages were formed for both runway …
An Adaptive And Non-Linear Technique For Enhancement Of High Contrast Images, Saibabu Arigela
An Adaptive And Non-Linear Technique For Enhancement Of High Contrast Images, Saibabu Arigela
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
In night time surveillance, there is a possibility of having extremely bright and dark regions in some image frames of a video sequence. Neither the object details in the low intensity areas nor in the high intensity areas can be clearly interpreted. Several image processing techniques have been developed to retrieve meaningful information under low lighting conditions. The algorithm based on integrated neighborhood dependency of pixel characteristics, and that based on the illuminance reflectance model perform well for improving the visual quality of digital images captured under extremely low and nonuniform lighting conditions. But these techniques cannot perform well in …
A Resolution Enhancement Technique In Digital Images, Mehmet R. Ormanoglu
A Resolution Enhancement Technique In Digital Images, Mehmet R. Ormanoglu
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Image enhancement is the processing of images to increase their usefulness. The image enhancement methods and objectives vary with the application. When images are enhanced for human viewers, as in television, the objective is mostly to improve perceptual aspects: image quality, intelligibility, or visual appearance. The aim of this research work is to make the processed image better in the visual sense than the unprocessed image. An image can often be enhanced by modifying its contrast or dynamic range, increasing the sharpness of edges, reducing the noise, or reducing the blurring. The most commonly used contrast enhancement technique is histogram …
Power-Aware Design Methodologies For Fpga-Based Implementation Of Video Processing Systems, Hau Trung Ngo
Power-Aware Design Methodologies For Fpga-Based Implementation Of Video Processing Systems, Hau Trung Ngo
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The increasing capacity and capabilities of FPGA devices in recent years provide an attractive option for performance-hungry applications in the image and video processing domain. FPGA devices are often used as implementation platforms for image and video processing algorithms for real-time applications due to their programmable structure that can exploit inherent spatial and temporal parallelism. While performance and area remain as two main design criteria, power consumption has become an important design goal especially for mobile devices. Reduction in power consumption can be achieved by reducing the supply voltage, capacitances, clock frequency and switching activities in a circuit. Switching activities …
A Non-Linear Technique For The Enhancement Of Extremely Non-Uniform Lighting Images, Ender Oguslu
A Non-Linear Technique For The Enhancement Of Extremely Non-Uniform Lighting Images, Ender Oguslu
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
At night scenes, either the low intensity areas that are under poor light or the high intensity areas that are overexposed cannot be clearly seen. Various image processing techniques have been developed to recover the meaningful information under extremely low lighting conditions. Among these, the algorithms based on integrated neighborhood dependency of pixel characteristics and based on the illuminance reflectance model perform well for improving the visual quality of digital images captured under nonuniform and extremely low lighting conditions. Although these techniques perform well in low lighting conditions, they cannot perform well in overexposed regions under dark environments such as …
A Multiplier-Less Architecture For High Speed Computation Of Multi-Dimensional Convolution, Ming Zhu Zhang
A Multiplier-Less Architecture For High Speed Computation Of Multi-Dimensional Convolution, Ming Zhu Zhang
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
One of the most computationally intensive operations in digital image/video processing systems is multi-dimensional convolution. Every image/video processor needs the convolution module in its pre-processing stage. Fast and efficient design of the convolution module in an application specific system is a great challenge in VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) design. Convolution operator requires a large set of multipliers and accumulators. A high precision multiplier takes enormous amount of VLSI area and it consumes more power. Hence reduction of the number of multipliers is another important challenge in VLSI design. A multiplier-less architecture for the design of a multi-dimensional convolution module …
A Pipelined Architecture For Real Time Correction Of Barrel Distortion In Wide-Angle Camera Images, Hau Trung Ngo
A Pipelined Architecture For Real Time Correction Of Barrel Distortion In Wide-Angle Camera Images, Hau Trung Ngo
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Images captured by wide-angle cameras show barrel type spatial distortion due to wide-angle configuration of the camera lens where image regions farther from the center are compressed in a nonlinear fashion. The barrel distortion correction technique based on least squares estimation attempts to correct a distorted image by expanding it nonlinearly so that straight lines in the object space remain straight in the image space. The intensity value of a pixel in the expanded image is calculated by back mapping its position to the corresponding position in the distorted image and performing linear interpolation on the neighboring pixels. Distorted images …
Adaptive Segmentation Techniques For Object Region Extraction From Images With Complex Lighting Environment, Deepthi P. Valaparla
Adaptive Segmentation Techniques For Object Region Extraction From Images With Complex Lighting Environment, Deepthi P. Valaparla
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Automated image segmentation of objects in complex lighting environments is a difficult task since it is not possible to pre-define a threshold to distinguish the object from the background. It is ascertained that an effective threshold citation for such objects depends on the negative binomial distribution of the object region with respect to the background lighting. Based on this concept, a novel adaptive threshold selection method for automatic segmentation of the lumen region in endoscopic images is presented in this thesis. More precise lumen region and boundary are obtained by an integrated neighborhood search based region growing procedure whose speed …
Visual Speech Recognition Using Multiple Deformable Lip Models, Devi Chandramohan
Visual Speech Recognition Using Multiple Deformable Lip Models, Devi Chandramohan
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Motivated by the fact that human speech perception is a bimodal process (auditory and visual), several researchers have designed and implemented automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems consisting of both audio and visual subsystems, and shown improved performance relative to traditional purely auditory systems. Several visual speech reading approaches have used deformable templates to model the shape of a speaker's lips. Deformable templates are models of image objects, which can be deformed by adjusting a set of parameters to match the object in some optimal way, as defined by a cost function. Using a single deformable lip model has disadvantages such …
Wind Streamline Ambiguity Removal Of Microwave Scatterometer Data, Hans W. Zaepfel
Wind Streamline Ambiguity Removal Of Microwave Scatterometer Data, Hans W. Zaepfel
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
There is a class of satellite microwave scatterometers that return oceanographic information which includes wind vectors with directional ambiguity. The first part of the ambiguity removal process is to reduce the data to a directional ambiguity of 180°. This thesis shows that wind direction change contains the information required for streamline ambiguity removal and that syntactic pattern recognition techniques can be used to locate the areas of wind direction change. Spreading the information along the areas of wind direction change results in the removal of the streamline ambiguity. The algorithm is implemented and the results are presented showing that it …