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Single And Multiple Surface Scatterings From Rough Surfaces, Chin-Yuan Hsieh, Shun-Hsyung Chang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The objective of this paper is to study the contributions of multiple scattering and compare it with those of the single scattering from randomly rough surfaces. The existing Kirchhoff, small perturbation and IEM scattering model cannot be used to predict the multiple scattering along the azimuth angle. In this paper we modify the IEM model by adding the phase terms in Green’s function and its derivative for multiple scattering. The function of phase term is significant to investigate the contribution of multiple scattering in the upward and downward directions. The contribution by multiple scattering is mainly based on the normalized …