Engineering Commons^™

Model Predictive Current Control Of Switched Reluctance Motor With Inductance Auto-Calibration, Xin Li

Masters Theses

"The thesis is composed of three papers, which investigate the application of Model Predictive Controller (MPC) for current control of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). Since the conventional hysteresis current control method is not suitable for high power SRM drive system with low inductance and limited switching frequency, MPC is a promising alternative approach for this application. The proposed MPC can cope with the measurement noise as well as uncertainties within the machine inductance profile. In the first paper, a MPC current control method for Double-Stator Switched Reluctance Motor (DSSRM) drives is presented. A direct adaptive estimator is incorporated to follow …

Computer Aided Diagnosis Of Oral Cancer: Using Time-Step Ct Images, Jonathan T. Scott

Masters Theses

"In medical imaging it is a very common practice to use a technique known as Time-Step imaging in patients who might develop cancer. Time-Step imaging it a very powerful technique, however it can lead to unmanageable amounts of image data. Previously the only way to search all of this data was to manually look through all of the files. This had to be done by trained professionals who knew what to look for within the images and make a judgment about the patient based on the images. This paper discusses the development of an algorithm to have a computer search …

Optimal Techno-Economic Sizing Of Wind/Solar/Battery Hybrid Microgrid System Using The Forever Power Method, Sami Hamed Alalwani

Masters Theses

"Advancement in power electronics, energy storage, control, and renewable energy sources has led to the use of integrated renewable energy sources in islanded microgrids (MG). Also, the uses of integrated renewable energy sources have become more technically applicable, more economically feasible, and more environmentally friendly than conventional sources. As a result, electrification of rural villages using renewable energy technologies has started to become widely adopted around the world. Since generating power from renewable energy sources is highly intermittent and difficult to predict, the use of proper energy storage technology is important to eliminate mismatches between the load demand and generation. …

A New Equivalent Dipole-Moment Source Reconstruction Method For Ic Radiated Emissions Based On Near-Field Scanning, Xiao Ren

Masters Theses

"In this paper, a new dipole-moment model based on near-field scanning for representing equivalent IC radiation emissions on a PCB (Print Circuit Board) is presented. One set of dipoles (both electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles) are used to characterize near-field and far-field radiation from the source. In order to build the model, tangential electric field and magnetic field on a Huygens's box enclosing the radiation source are needed. Both the phase and magnitude of these tangential fields are obtained either in simulation or in measurement by near-field scanning method. Two steps are established to reconstruct the dipole moment. Firstly, a …

Steam Flooding Screening And Eor Prediction By Using Clustering Algorithm And Data Visualization, Na Zhang

Masters Theses

"Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques are vitally important in the oil industry because these techniques could not only extend the life of wells, but also produce 10% to 30% additional oil from the reservoir. However, selecting the most suitable EOR techniques for unknown reservoirs is not easy for decision making. Based on literature, EOR screening criteria could help to find the best candidates for unknown projects, which is classified into two categories: conventional EOR screening and advanced EOR screening. In this research, an artificial intelligent (AI) method, hierarchical clustering algorithm, is adapted to analyze both steam flooding projects and worldwide …

Compressed Sensing Techniques For Radial Ultra-Short Echo Time (Ute) Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Xiahan Yang

Masters Theses

"This thesis proposes two techniques, namely Compressed Sensing (CS) and self-gating, for pre-clinical (CMRI) to reduce scan time and RF exposure to mouse heart, simply experimental procedures, and improve imaging quality. The proposed CS technique reduces the number of radial trajectories in Ultra-short Echo Time (UTE) CMRI scans on a 7 Tesla MRI machine to acquire 13% to 38% of the fully sampled k-space data. To reconstruct the image, the Non-Uniform Fast Fourier Transform (NUFFT) is utilized in each iteration of the l1-norm optimization algorithm of the CS to reduce error and aliasing. Experimental results with a phantom and a …

Esd Event Locator, Syed Abrar Ul Huq

Masters Theses

"Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) presents one of the most common threats to electronic systems especially in the cases of high-speed digital systems. ESD event locator systems have been designed to determine the location of the source of the ESD event using different techniques. One such method of determining the origin of the ESD event, is the use of four antennas and a high-speed Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) system to capture the ESD events.

This thesis presents such an implementation which deals with the design of an analog front-end to a fast TI LM97600 ADC and a Virtex-5 Field-Programmable Gated Array …

A Study Into Improving Transformer Loading Capability Beyond Nameplate Rating, Aakanksha Pasricha

Masters Theses

"Utilities are becoming increasingly interested in the prospect of overloading the transformers beyond the nameplate rating to meet the increased demand for power as it may be more economically viable than installing a new transformer. The safety of the transformer has to be ensured while overloading it and hence there is a maximum loading beyond which the transformer should not be overloaded. A study has been performed on 38 transformer units and the factors that limit their overloading capability have been analyzed. Ancillary equipment ratings were found to be the most prominent limiting factor. Several case studies and evaluation results …

Design And Implementation Of A 20 Ghz Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Channel Emulator For Differential High Speed Serial Data Links, Wei Qian

Masters Theses

"High speed serial link is now the dominant signal propagation design in various communication, computing and embedded applications. Emulation of such channels is important in signal integrity design and product testing, where full channel simulation is restricted due to the need for protection of intellectual property and frequent channel reconfiguration. This thesis introduces robust lossy material and FIR filter design methods that can be used for channel emulation to provide a solution under these restrictions. Based on the channel characterizations normally obtained in the frequency domain by vector network analysis, different emulation strategies and optimization techniques are utilized to emulate …

Signal Integrity Analysis Of A Low Cost Pcb To Pcb System, Kancy Robison

Masters Theses

"This report presents the analysis of a low cost PCB to PCB cable and connector system focusing on its data rate limitations and optimizing transmitter and receiver operations. Economic factors have an ineluctable presence in digital hardware engineering and, as data rates are continually pushed to new bounds, finding cheaper alternatives in hardware while maintaining performance standards becomes more relevant. This study will show the measurement and simulation of a low cost digital system which includes a PCB board, connector, and a multi-pin flex cable (ribbon cable). These S-parameter and TDR measurements/simulations are used to gain an intuition for the …

The Dynamic Behavior Of A Solid State Transformer (Sst) During Recloser Operation In Distribution Systems, Fahd Amin Hariri

Masters Theses

"Electrical power systems are continuously facing increasing electrical power demand in the last years to meet the requirements of modern life style. In order to satisfy such needs electricity authorities are taking appropriate measures to enhance the performance of power networks. One of the solutions to meet the customer's demands for energy was the trend to use the renewable energy. The increasing use of renewable energy and other distributed generation sources made the electrical grid more complex. Many researches have been carried out to find out solutions to overcome this complexity. One of these researches -- which was on a …

Investigation Of Decoupling Capacitor Connection Methods Using Peec And Study Of Alien Crosstalk From A Broadr-Reach® Protocol Based System, Tamar Makharashvili

Masters Theses

"Power Distribution Network (PDN) for Printed Circuit Board (PCB) design requires proper power integrity analysis. In order to deliver a low-ripple DC voltage from a Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) to an Integrated Circuit (IC), a certain target input impedance should be achieved. Developing simple physics-based equivalent circuit models are essential for understanding how a system works and making crucial design decisions. In this work, the input impedance of a decoupling capacitor due to traces, pads and via discontinuities are investigated using the Physics-based Model Size Reduction (PMSR) method. Various decoupling capacitor connection methods are compared and design guidelines are provided …

Design And Implementation Of Low Complexity Wake-Up Receiver For Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks, Ming Yue

Masters Theses

"This thesis designs a low-complexity dual Pseudorandom Noise (PN) scheme for identity (ID) detection and coarse frame synchronization. The two PN sequences for a node are identical and are separated by a specified length of gap which serves as the ID of different sensor nodes. The dual PN sequences are short in length but are capable of combating severe underwater acoustic (UWA) multipath fading channels that exhibit time varying impulse responses up to 100 taps. The receiver ID detection is implemented on a microcontroller MSP430F5529 by calculating the correlation between the two segments of the PN sequence with the specified …

Emi Analysis Of Dvi Link Connectors, Abhishek Patnaik

Masters Theses

"EMI problems are not uncommon in high speed communication systems. As the system clock frequencies increases, so does the challenges in controlling the EMI in such systems. A connector is a very important part of a high speed communication system. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is found to be tightly correlated to mode conversion: from differential-mode (DM) signals to common-mode (CM) currents and further to antenna-mode (AM) currents on the outside of cables or enclosures. Moreover, in such high speed systems, coupling to an adjacent cable-connector system is not uncommon. It is essential to understand and quantify this coupling path in order …

Analysis And Comparison Of Two High-Gain Interleaved Coupled-Inductor Boost Converters, Venkat Sai Prasad Gouribhatla

Masters Theses

"The main objective of this thesis is to compare and analyze two different high-gain dc-dc power electronic converters based on coupled inductors and capacitor-diode multiplier cells. The idea of these converters is to integrate the solar energy with a 400V DC microgrid. DC microgrids are more efficient, less expensive, and more reliable compared to AC microgrids. They also favor the integration of renewable energy sources. With the growing need for the utilization of more renewable sources of energy, photovoltaic panels have become one of the trending technologies which convert the energy from the sun to a useable electrical power. But …

Multi-Objective Optimal Dispatch Of Distributed Energy Resources, Ayomide Longe

Masters Theses

"This thesis is composed of two papers which investigate the optimal dispatch for distributed energy resources. In the first paper, an economic dispatch problem for a community microgrid is studied. In this microgrid, each agent pursues an economic dispatch for its personal resources. In addition, each agent is capable of trading electricity with other agents through a local energy market. In this paper, a simple market structure is introduced as a framework for energy trades in a small community microgrid such as the Solar Village. It was found that both sellers and buyers benefited by participating in this market. In …

A Subband Kalman Filter For Echo Cancellation, Rakesh Vijayakumar

Masters Theses

"This thesis involves the implementation of a Kalman filter for the application of echo cancellation. This particular Kalman filter is implemented in the frequency domain, in subbands, so as to make it faster and of lesser calculational complexity for real time applications. To evaluate the functioning of this subband Kalman filter, comparison of the performance of the subband Kalman filter is done with respect to the original time domain Kalman filter, and also with other subband adaptive filters for echo cancellation such as the NLMS filter. Additionally, since background noise affects the working of any adaptive filter, the newly developed …

Detection And Cancellation Of Sinusoidal Fading Power Variation In Wireless Communication Systems, Sushruth Sastry

Masters Theses

"Fading channel estimation in wireless communication systems depends on an expected model for fading and any assumptions made about the channel itself. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the communication system is affected by how closely these assumptions made in designing the estimation technique match the deployment environment. Any unforeseen disturbances or hindrances in the environment deteriorate the BER performance of the system when the estimation system is not designed to combat such disturbances. To deal with such unforeseen obstacles, additional mathematical models can be proposed to model such disturbances and then the estimation techniques can either be reinforced …

Comparative Study Of Three Types Of Inverters Based On The Output Total Harmonic Distortion, Paterrson Thomas

Masters Theses

"In this thesis, three cases of power electronic inverters are taken into consideration to analyze their performance in terms of total harmonic distortion in their output voltage and output current. Firstly, a single H-bridge inverter is simulated. Staircase switching technique is used to generate the gating pulses for the switches. Only one switch is made to toggle for every half cycle. The fundamental harmonic component of the desired output voltage is considered to be 120 V. Secondly, the same topology is used with a Bipolar PWM gating technique. The switching frequency of the carrier wave is 33*60 Hz. Thirdly, a …

The Development Of Near Field Probing Systems For Emc Near Field Visualization And Emi Source Localization, Hui He

Masters Theses

"The objectives of this research are to visualize the frequency dependent electromagnetic field distribution for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) applications and the radiating source reconstruction on complex shaped electronic systems. This is achieved by combining near field probing with a system for automatically recording the probe position and orientation. Due to the complexity of the shape of the electronic systems of interest, and for utilizing the expertise of the user, the probe will be moved manually not robotically. Concurrently, the local near field will be recorded, associated with the location and displayed at near real time on the captured 3D geometry …

An Improved Planar Cavity Model For Dielectric Characterization, Benjamin Jay Conley

Masters Theses

"Accurate characterization of the dielectric properties of the laminate materials used in printed circuit board fabrication is critical for maximizing the performance of modern high speed circuitry. While many techniques exist for characterizing dielectric materials, most existing techniques are either limited in accuracy or highly impractical for use with planar, copper-clad laminate sheets. A common method involves forming a cavity from the printed circuit board material and calculating the permittivity and dissipation factor from the measured resonant frequencies and quality factor of the cavity. This resonance technique makes the assumption of an ideal cavity, which leads to errors in both …

Methods For Checking And Enforcing Physical Quality Of Linear Electrical Network Models, Mikhail Zvonkin

Masters Theses

"Most CAD tools allow system-level simulation for signal integrity by computing and connecting models together for the various sub-parts. The success of this model derivation depends on the quality of the network parameters. Different errors may seriously affect the quality of the frequency characterization: frequency-dependent measurement errors, errors due to the numerical simulation and/or discretization, etc. When these errors are large, model assembly and simulation becomes difficult and may even fail. This thesis gives an overview of the most significant properties of physically valid network parameters, describes existing methods for checking and enforcing these properties, and presents several new methodologies …

On-Die Sensors For Transient Events, Mihir Vimal Suchak

Masters Theses

"Failures caused by transient electromagnetic events like Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) are a major concern for embedded systems. The component often failing is an integrated circuit (IC). Determining which IC is affected in a multi-device system is a challenging task. Debugging errors often requires sophisticated lab setups which require intentionally disturbing and probing various parts of the system which might not be easily accessible. Opening the system and adding probes may change its response to the transient event, which further compounds the problem.

On-die transient event sensors were developed that require relatively little area on die, making them inexpensive, they consume …

Mr4rf: Mem-Device With Impedance And Their Usage With Impedance Matching Networks For Passive Rfid Tags In The Uhf, George H. Harris

Masters Theses

"The passive RFID tag in the UHF has been employed in several different applications including, tracking, logistics, and as a sensing platform for the Internet of things (IoT). The tag is ideal for this industry due to its unique design. It harvests all of its energy from the environment, and is small, cheap, and requires little to no maintenance. However, there are two major issues limiting the potential of the passive RFID systems: the limited power harvested by the tag, and the high susceptibility to interference and coupling. In particular, dynamic environments render the traditionally fixed, RF impedance matching network …

Adaptable Ring, Bayes Theorem And Dual Gradient Analysis: An Approach To Automatic Shape Detection, Skin Lesion Segmentation And Focus Detection Respectively For Medical Image Analysis, Kanakam T. Maddala

Masters Theses

“Vision-based applications are increasing with the increase in technology and are making a huge impact in this global civilization. A vision-based measurement approach for pill shape detection was developed for medical pill identification, a focus detection method was developed for digital dermoscopy, and a machine learning approach was used for automatic lesion segmentation, which assists in automatic melanoma diagnosis. Rapid and accurate pill identification is needed by medical and law enforcement personnel during emergencies. But, one of the main parameters in pill identification is the shape of the pill. An Adaptable-Ring approach describes a novel technique to accurately detect the …

Emission Source Microscopy Applications On Emi Source Localization And Emi Mitigation With Lossy Materials, Xiangyang Jiao

Masters Theses

"In Section 1, the emission source microscopy (ESM) methodology will be introduced and used to identify the sources of radiation on different DUTs. As the new technology generation, the integration density and the operating speed of integrated circuits have been increasing steadily. However, root cause diagnostics to locate the source of EMI radiation is more problematic in the complex system. The ESM technique provides a powerful tool to detect and characterize the active sources of radiation. The amplitude and phase of fields are measured on a plane away from the DUT, and this measurement can get rid of the evanescent …