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- Adaptive signal processing;mobile computing;mobile handsets;signal denoising;speech processing;time-frequency analysis;APHONIC;SDR;SIR;Signal-Distortion Ratio;adaptive thresholding for noise cancellation;binary mask construction;busy city square sounds;interference signal;listening tests;magnitude coefficients;mobile phone users;mobile user speech;mobile voice-driven applications;noise figure 20.0 dB;noise figure 5.0 dB;real-world interfering signals;signal channel adaptive threshold selection technique;signal-to-interference ratio;smart mobile environments;subway;threshold learning;threshold selection step;time-frequency components;violin busker;Interference;Mobile communication;Mobile handsets;Noise cancellation;Time-frequency analysis;Transforms;Urban areas;Blind Source Separation;Human Computer Interaction;Mobile Computing;Mobile Voice-driven Applications;Noise Cancellation (1)
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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Tiled Time Delay Estimation In Mobile Cloud Computing Environments, Ruairí De Fréin
Tiled Time Delay Estimation In Mobile Cloud Computing Environments, Ruairí De Fréin
Conference papers
We present a tiled delay estimation technique in the context of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) environments. We examine its accuracy in the presence of multiple sources for (1) sub-sample delays and also (2) in the presence of phase-wrap around. Phase wrap-around is prevalent in MCC because the separation of acoustic sources may be large. We show that tiling a histogram of instantaneous phase estimates can improve delay estimates when phase-wrap around is sig- nificantly present and also when multiple sources are present. We report that error in the delay estimator is generally less than 5% of a sample, when the …
Aphonic: Adaptive Thresholding For Noise Cancellation In Smart Mobile Environments, Ruairí De Fréin
Aphonic: Adaptive Thresholding For Noise Cancellation In Smart Mobile Environments, Ruairí De Fréin
Conference papers
We propose a signal-channel, adaptive threshold selection technique for binary mask construction, namely APHONIC, (AdaPtive tHreshOlding for NoIse Cancellation) for smart mobile environments. Using this mask, we introduce two noise cancellation techniques that perform robustly in the presence of real-world interfering signals that are typically encountered by mobile users: a violin busker, a subway and busy city square sounds. We demonstrate that when the power of the time-frequency components of the voice of a mobile user does not significantly overlap with the components of the interference signal, the threshold learning and noise cancellation techniques significantly improve the Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) …
Chaos-Based Encryption Keys And Neural Key-Store For Cloud-Hosted Data Confidentiality, N.N Mosola, M.T Dlamini, Jonathan Blackledge, J.H.P Eloff, H.S Venter
Chaos-Based Encryption Keys And Neural Key-Store For Cloud-Hosted Data Confidentiality, N.N Mosola, M.T Dlamini, Jonathan Blackledge, J.H.P Eloff, H.S Venter
Conference papers
Cloud computing brings flexible and cost-effective services. However, security concerns plague the cloud. Data confidentiality is one of the security concerns inhibiting the adoption of cloud computing. This concern stems from various cyberattacks directed towards gaining unauthorised access to cloud-bound or cloud-hosted data. This paper proposes a clientend encryption and key management system to curb cyberattacks that target compromising data confidentiality on the cloud.
Incremental Joint Modelling For Dialogue State Tracking, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Incremental Joint Modelling For Dialogue State Tracking, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
Dialogue State Tracking is an important task in dialogue management as it provides a mechanism to monitor dialogue contributions. In this paper we introduce an Incremental Joint Model as a new approach to the task. Our tracker is capable of incrementally tracking Dialogue States. We base our model and analysis on the datasets provided in the Second Dialogue State Tracking Challenge (DSTC2). Our early stage evaluations are based on comparisons of our tracker with both the baseline model provide by the DSTC2 and also LecTrack: a state-of-the-art incremental LSTM-based tracker. The main finding of our experiments is that moving from …
The Impact Of Power Curve Estimation On Commercial Wind Power Forecasts - An Empirical Analysis, Gianni Goretti, Aidan Duffy, Tek Tjing Lie
The Impact Of Power Curve Estimation On Commercial Wind Power Forecasts - An Empirical Analysis, Gianni Goretti, Aidan Duffy, Tek Tjing Lie
Conference papers
An increasing number of utilities participating in the energy market require short term (i.e. up to 48 hours) power forecasts for renewable generation in order to optimize technical and financial performances. As a result, a large number of forecast providers now operate in the marketplace, each using different methods and offering a wide range of services. This paper assesses five different day-ahead wind power forecasts generated by various service providers currently operating in the market, and compares their performance against the state-of-the-art of short-term wind power forecasting. The work focuses on how power curve estimations can introduce systematic errors that …
Iot Based Recipes For Enabling Senior Citizens: Stakeholders Views On How Integration Of Iot And Web Services Can Enhance Well-Being And Inclusion Of Older People, Matteo Zallio, Damon Berry, John Mcgrory
Iot Based Recipes For Enabling Senior Citizens: Stakeholders Views On How Integration Of Iot And Web Services Can Enhance Well-Being And Inclusion Of Older People, Matteo Zallio, Damon Berry, John Mcgrory
Conference papers
The main body of research clearly highlights the world’s population is rapidly expanding. When this fact is combined with the increase in life longevity due to medical and social advances it alters the demographic balance in relation to age. Hence, the number of people aged 65 and over is constantly increasing. The potential of Smart Technologies and IoT-based devices to improve health has increased rapidly in the last few years and users are now in a position to contribute to the development of the interaction process and need to be properly trained on benefits of using new technologies. IFTTT (If …
A Hardware One-Time Pad Prototype Generator For Localising Cloud Security, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
A Hardware One-Time Pad Prototype Generator For Localising Cloud Security, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
In this paper, we examine a system for encrypting data before storing in the Cloud. Adopting this system gives excellent security to stored data and complete control for accessing data by the client at different locations. The motivation for developing this personal encryption came about because of poor Cloud security and doubts over the safety of public encryption algorithms which might contain backdoors. However, side-channel attacks and other unwanted third-party interventions in Cloud security, probably contribute more to the poor security record history. These factors led to the development of a prototype for personalising security locally which defeats cryptanalysis. The …
Chaos-Based Cryptography For Cloud Computing, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
Chaos-Based Cryptography For Cloud Computing, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
Cloud computing and poor security issues have quadrupled over the last six years and with the alleged presence of backdoors in common encryption ciphers, has created a need for personalising the encryption process by the client. In 2007, two Microsoft employees gave a presentation ``On the Possibility of a backdoor in the NIST SP800-90 Dual Elliptic Curve Pseudo Random Number Generators'' and was linked in 2013 by the New York Times with notes leaked by Edward Snowden. This confirmed backdoors were placed, allegedly, in a number of encryption systems by the National Security Agency, which if true creates an urgent …
One-To-Cloud One-Time Pad Data Encryption: Introducing Virtual Prototyping With Pspice, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Roberto Gandia Blanquer Dr, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
One-To-Cloud One-Time Pad Data Encryption: Introducing Virtual Prototyping With Pspice, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Roberto Gandia Blanquer Dr, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
In this paper, we examine the design and application of a one-time pad encryption system for protecting data stored in the Cloud. Personalising security using a one-time pad generator at the client-end protects data from break-ins, side-channel attacks and backdoors in public encryption algorithms. The one-time pad binary sequences were obtained from modified analogue chaos oscillators initiated by noise and encoded client data locally. Specific ``one-to-Cloud'' storage applications returned control back to the end user but without the key distribution problem normally associated with one-time pad encryption. Development of the prototype was aided by ``Virtual Prototyping'' in the latest version …
Objective Assessment Of Perceptual Audio Quality Using Visqolaudio, Colm Sloan, Damien Kelly, Naomi Harte, Anil C. Kokaram, Andrew Hines
Objective Assessment Of Perceptual Audio Quality Using Visqolaudio, Colm Sloan, Damien Kelly, Naomi Harte, Anil C. Kokaram, Andrew Hines
Conference papers
Digital audio broadcasting services transmit substantial amounts of data that is encoded to minimize bandwidth whilst maximizing user quality of experience. Many large service providers continually alter codecs to improve the encoding process. Performing subjective tests to validate each codec alteration would be impractical, necessitating the use of objective perceptual audio quality models. This paper evaluates the quality scores from ViSQOLAudio, an objective perceptual audio quality model, against the quality scores of PEAQ, POLQA, and PEMO-Q on three datasets containing fullband audio encoded with a variety of codecs and bitrates. The results show that ViSQOLAudio was more accurate than all …
On The Development Of A One-Time Pad Generator For Personalising Cloud Security, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
On The Development Of A One-Time Pad Generator For Personalising Cloud Security, Paul Tobin, Lee Tobin, Michael Mckeever, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
Cloud computing security issues are being reported in newspapers, television, and on the Internet, on a daily basis. Furthermore, in 2013, Edward Snowden alleged backdoors were placed in a number of encryption systems by the National Security Agency causing confidence in public encryption to drop even further. Our solution allows the end-user to add a layer of unbreakable security by encrypting the data locally with a random number generator prior to uploading data to the Cloud. The prototype one-time pad generator is impervious to cryptanalysis because it generates unbreakable random binary sequences from chaos sources initiated from a natural noise. …
Design Of A Community-Supported Capable Microwave System For People With Intellectual And Physical Disabilities, Matteo Zallio, Damon Berry, Paula Kelly, Hicham Rifai, Modestas Jakuska
Design Of A Community-Supported Capable Microwave System For People With Intellectual And Physical Disabilities, Matteo Zallio, Damon Berry, Paula Kelly, Hicham Rifai, Modestas Jakuska
Conference papers
Product personalisation has become a central topic and expected part of every day life. Different people have different characteristics and abilities and every single user has different needs which means that products have to be tailored accordingly. Micro- wave ovens are one of the most commonly used home appliances. People use them to quickly heat or cook certain foods. Today, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statis- tics, more than 90% of U.S. households own a microwave oven [11]. This project seeks to enable people with intellectual disabilities and physical impairments to perform sim- ple cooking tasks. The target …
Simulation And Analysis Of Switched Reluctance Generator For Renewable Energy Applications, Simone Sartori, Malabika Basu, Michael Farrell, Andrea Tortella
Simulation And Analysis Of Switched Reluctance Generator For Renewable Energy Applications, Simone Sartori, Malabika Basu, Michael Farrell, Andrea Tortella
Conference papers
The purpose of the paper is to investigate the application of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) for future wave energy converters. This machine presents some favourable features as compared to others. The machine optimal operation can be obtained after a detailed assessment of the control strategy. For this purpose, a SRG model is implemented in Matlab® Simulink® environment to find out the values of the switching angles which maximize the converted power and to set up an appropriate control of the power exchange with the grid to which the machine is connected. The simulation results provide evidence that a proper …
Investigation Into The Local Nature Of Rate Of Change Of Frequency In Electrical Power Systems, Damien Doheny, Michael Conlon
Investigation Into The Local Nature Of Rate Of Change Of Frequency In Electrical Power Systems, Damien Doheny, Michael Conlon
Conference papers
In recent years power systems world-wide have seen large increases in wind power penetration and this trend is expected to continue. This is having the undesirable consequence of reducing the inertia of electrical power systems, especially at times of high wind generation. Reduced inertia makes a power system more susceptible to a larger rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) following a grid disturbance, such as the sudden disconnection of a load or generator. High RoCoF events could trigger generator protective devices or anti-islanding RoCoF relays, disconnecting generation from the grid, compounding the initial grid disturbance and in extreme cases result …
Bacterial Foraging Optimized Statcom For Stability Assessment In Power System, Shiba Paital, Prakash Ray, Asit Mohanty, Sandipan Patra, Harishchandra Dubey
Bacterial Foraging Optimized Statcom For Stability Assessment In Power System, Shiba Paital, Prakash Ray, Asit Mohanty, Sandipan Patra, Harishchandra Dubey
Conference papers
This paper presents a study of improvement in stability in a single machine connected to infinite bus (SMIB) power system by using static compensator (STATCOM). The gains of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller in STATCOM are being optimized by heuristic technique based on Particle swarm optimization (PSO). Further, Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) as an alternative heuristic method is also applied to select optimal gains of PID controller. The performance of STATCOM with the above soft-computing techniques are studied and compared with the conventional PID controller under various scenarios. The simulation results are accompanied with performance indices based quantitative analysis. The analysis clearly …
Nonlinear Control Methods For Single-Ended Primary-Inductor Power Converters, Samet Biricik, Tuan Ngo, Hasan Komurcugil, Malabika Basu
Nonlinear Control Methods For Single-Ended Primary-Inductor Power Converters, Samet Biricik, Tuan Ngo, Hasan Komurcugil, Malabika Basu
Conference papers
This paper investigates nonlinear control methods for single-ended primary-inductor converters (SEPIC). The fastswitching and average models show the converter nonlinearity in terms of inductor currents, capacitor voltages, and the switching duty cycle. The control law intuitively should be nonlinear to drive and guarantee the system stability. Two different control laws based on the passivity and back-stepping technique are examined and designed to have asymptotically global stability in the system. Unlike the passivity method which regulates the duty cycle directly, the back-stepping method adjusts the switching duty by a driver integrator/low pass filter system. The simulation results have shown the benefits …
Professional Roles And Employability Of Future Engineers, Kevin Gaughan, S. Craps, M. Pinxten, G. Saunders, M. Leandro-Cruz
Professional Roles And Employability Of Future Engineers, Kevin Gaughan, S. Craps, M. Pinxten, G. Saunders, M. Leandro-Cruz
Conference papers
Although there is high degree of agreement on the importance of transversal skills for engineers, employers observe a significant gap between expectations and reality. This paper discusses the need for the development of a framework of professional roles for future engineers and the implementation of dedicated skills education in engineering curricula to train students for this role. Based on an extensive literature study, an overview is given of previous research on this topic. The paper also outlines the next steps that will be taken by the authors as part of a European project PREFER to develop and implement these roles …
The Application Of Digital Accelerometers For Wired And Non-Wired Mechanomyography, Niall Campbell, Thomas Egan, Catherine Deegan
The Application Of Digital Accelerometers For Wired And Non-Wired Mechanomyography, Niall Campbell, Thomas Egan, Catherine Deegan
Conference papers
The objective of this paper is to consider the use of digital accelerometers for Mechanomyographic applications. The digital outputs of the accelerometer require the consideration of additional interfacing hardware for any commercial data acquisition systems being considered. The Arduino open-source platform is shown to meet this requirement. This platform also provides access to set the data registers on the accelerometer to output data at the resolution, speed and format required. Results show that digital accelerometers provide an accurate representation of the MMG signal. The second objective of this work was to extend this digital platform to design a wireless MMG …
Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting For The Integrated Single Electricity Market (I-Sem), Katie Kavanagh, Martin Barrett, Michael Conlon
Short-Term Electricity Load Forecasting For The Integrated Single Electricity Market (I-Sem), Katie Kavanagh, Martin Barrett, Michael Conlon
Conference papers
The electricity market structure in Ireland is being reconstructed in order to meet with the requirements of the EU Third Energy Package. The forthcoming Integrated-Single Electricity Market (I-SEM) differs from the current market structure in many ways. However this research addresses the issue of balance responsibility under the I-SEM. Given the volatility of prices in the Balancing market, observed in similarly-structured markets around the world, Irish supply companies need to be able to accurately forecast their customers' load in the Day-Ahead market in order to manage risk in the Balancing market. This paper presents a means for suppliers to implement …
New Grid-Tied Cascaded Multilevel Inverter Topology With Reduced Number Of Switches, Shahab Sajedi, Malabika Basu, Michael Farrell
New Grid-Tied Cascaded Multilevel Inverter Topology With Reduced Number Of Switches, Shahab Sajedi, Malabika Basu, Michael Farrell
Conference papers
Performance of multilevel inverters (MLI) are distinguished because of their low harmonic waveform generation, low filtering requirements on AC side and high voltage application. Among different (MLI) topologies, cascaded multi-level inverters (CMLI) are easier to implement and are much more cost effective. The main drawback of multilevel inverters is requirement of more than one isolated DC source and a lot of switches which makes them bulky and expensive to implement. To address this issue, researchers have investigated new topologies with reduced number of switches compared to conventional multilevel converters. In this paper, a new grid-tied cascaded multi-level topology with reduced …
An Equivalent Circuit For Corona Discharges Caused By A Point To Plane Arrangement At Ac, Dc And Combined Voltages, Tobias Dezenzo, Thomas Betz, Andreas Schwarzbacher
An Equivalent Circuit For Corona Discharges Caused By A Point To Plane Arrangement At Ac, Dc And Combined Voltages, Tobias Dezenzo, Thomas Betz, Andreas Schwarzbacher
Conference papers
In this paper a new two stage equivalent circuit for corona discharges is introduced. Its aim is to fill the gap between complexity of the circuit and accurate representation of the physical properties, which underlay a corona discharge. The first stage represents the voltage distribution and the occurrence of a discharge with respect to the applied voltage. The second stage models the physical discharge behavior like ionization, number of electrons, positive and negative ions as well as their interaction. The proposed circuit is able to model the different modes of corona discharges, which is experimentally verified. The simulation results are …
Investigation Of Electrical Defects Arising From Excessive Sidewall Force And Excessive Tensile Strain On Power Cables, Darren Mcconnon, Joseph Kearney, Tom Looby, James O'Shaughnessy
Investigation Of Electrical Defects Arising From Excessive Sidewall Force And Excessive Tensile Strain On Power Cables, Darren Mcconnon, Joseph Kearney, Tom Looby, James O'Shaughnessy
Conference papers
The study includes a comprehensive review of the existing literature and guidelines regarding the effects of sidewall force and tensile strain on power cables during installation. The most appropriate diagnostic test methods required to analyse these effects are also assessed. The results of tests and analysis of the existing literature are then combined in an attempt to determine a realistic basis for guidelines and recommendations relevant to cable installation forces.
Switchable Windows - Spectral Transmission And Switching Times, Philippe Lemarchand, Eoin D. Mclean, Brian Norton
Switchable Windows - Spectral Transmission And Switching Times, Philippe Lemarchand, Eoin D. Mclean, Brian Norton
Conference papers
The switching time and spectral transmission in fully clear and fully opaque states of polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC), suspended particle device (SPD) and electrochromic (EC) switchable windows were evaluated to assess their suitability to control solar heat transmission though glazed façade and comfort to building occupants. The transmission measurement on a SPD film showed a very effective absorption modulation in the visible range but fast decrease in the near infrared region. The switching speed was demonstrated to be related strongly to wavelengths. A SPD film with a larger absorption and faster switching speed in the infrared region was shown …
Design Of An Underwater Cable Fault Location Device To Precisely Locate Submarine Cable Faults, Glenn O'Reilly, Joseph Kearney, John Lawler, Tom Looby
Design Of An Underwater Cable Fault Location Device To Precisely Locate Submarine Cable Faults, Glenn O'Reilly, Joseph Kearney, John Lawler, Tom Looby
Conference papers
The objective of the paper is to develop a robust and reliable method to pinpoint submarine cable faults. Submarine cables have existed for over 100 years but there is still no single method used to determine the precise location of a submarine cable fault. The various methods used to pinpoint cable faults, both submarine and non-submarine were researched and investigated to produce a method which would accurately pinpoint submarine cable faults. From this, the idea of a hydrophone string was derived from a non-submarine pinpointing method currently used. The hydrophone string was tested and it accurately pinpointed the location of …
Reactive Power Control For Smarter (Urban) Distribution Network Management With Increasing Integration Of Renewable Prosumers, Arsalan Zaidi, Keith Sunderland, Massimiliano Coppo, Michael Conlon, Roberto Turri
Reactive Power Control For Smarter (Urban) Distribution Network Management With Increasing Integration Of Renewable Prosumers, Arsalan Zaidi, Keith Sunderland, Massimiliano Coppo, Michael Conlon, Roberto Turri
Conference papers
Smart cities need to deliver reliable electric energy while utilizing every renewable energy source available in a sustainable manner. Increasing renewable electricity capacity, through Distributed Generation (DG) such as small wind and PV generation, causes difficulties for the distribution network operator (DNO) in sustaining adequate and appropriate power quality across the network. The positive impacts provided by such energy sources can be undermined by voltage increases and voltage balance issues. To overcome these problems, urban distribution networks need to transform ideally into smarter energy networks that can deliver renewable electricity locally, predictably and in a controllable and optimized manner. The …
Clustering Opportunistic Ant-Based Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Xinlu Li, Brian Keegan, Fredrick Mtenzi
Clustering Opportunistic Ant-Based Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Xinlu Li, Brian Keegan, Fredrick Mtenzi
Conference papers
The wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have a wide range of applications in many ereas, including many kinds of uses such as environmental monitoring and chemical detection. Due to the restriction of energy supply, the improvement of routing performance is the major motivation in WSNs. We present a Clustering Opportunistic Ant-based Routing protocol (COAR), which comprises the following main contributions to achieve high energy efficient and well load-balance: (i) in the clustering algorithm, we caculate the theoretical value of energy dissipation, which will make the number of clusters fluctuate around the expected value, (ii) define novel heuristic function and pheromone update …
Bootstrapping Labelled Dataset Construction For Cow Tracking And Behavior Analysis, Aram Ter-Sarkisov, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Bootstrapping Labelled Dataset Construction For Cow Tracking And Behavior Analysis, Aram Ter-Sarkisov, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
This paper introduces a new approach to the longterm tracking of an object in a challenging environment. The object is a cow and the environment is an enclosure in a cowshed. Some of the key challenges in this domain are a cluttered background, low contrast and high similarity between moving objects – which greatly reduces the efficiency of most existing approaches, including those based on background subtraction. Our approach is split into object localization, instance segmentation, learning and tracking stages. Our solution is benchmarked against a range of semi-supervised object tracking algorithms and we show that the performance is strong …