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- Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works (30)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Energy Analysis Of A Student-Designed Solar House, Samantha Wermager, Stuart Werner Baur
Energy Analysis Of A Student-Designed Solar House, Samantha Wermager, Stuart Werner Baur
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents the findings from an undergraduate research project concerning the energy efficiency, consumption, and generation of a 1000 ft2 (92.9 m2) solar house. The results were compared to a home of similar size and layout, built using traditional construction methods. The solar house was modeled after the Chameleon House: Missouri University of Science and Technology's 2013 entry in the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon. The efficiency of the design was analyzed using Energy-10 Version 1.8 software. For this comparison, a fictional American couple was created and a breakdown of their energy-use habits was recorded …
Mechanism Of Crumb Rubber Modifier Dissolution Into Asphalt Matrix And Its Effect On Final Physical Properties Of Crumb Rubber-Modified Binder, Amir Ghavibazoo, Magdy Abdelrahman, Mohyeldin Ragab
Mechanism Of Crumb Rubber Modifier Dissolution Into Asphalt Matrix And Its Effect On Final Physical Properties Of Crumb Rubber-Modified Binder, Amir Ghavibazoo, Magdy Abdelrahman, Mohyeldin Ragab
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Modification of asphalt by crumb rubber modifier (CRM) is mostly done through exchange of components between asphalt and CRM. At 160⁰ C and 10 Hz, CRM absorbs aromatics of asphalt and swells; however, at 220⁰ C and 50 Hz, CRM dissolves into the asphalt; this process leads to the release of different components of CRM including carbon black, fillers, and polymeric and oily components. Depending on interaction conditions, CRM dissolution is performed differently, and therefore the state and role of the released components can be different. In this research different mechanisms of dissolution of one size of CRM in asphalt …
Smart Rocks And Wireless Communication System For Real-Time Monitoring And Mitigation Of Bridge Scour -- A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke, Y. Rosa Zheng, Andriy V. Radchenko, Yan Tang, Brandon P. Schafer, Ying Huang, Z. L. Yang
Smart Rocks And Wireless Communication System For Real-Time Monitoring And Mitigation Of Bridge Scour -- A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke, Y. Rosa Zheng, Andriy V. Radchenko, Yan Tang, Brandon P. Schafer, Ying Huang, Z. L. Yang
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study aims to integrate commercial measurement and communication components into a scour monitoring system with magnets or electronics embedded in smart rocks, and evaluate and improve its performance in laboratory and field conditions for the movement of smart rocks. Properly-designed smart rocks were found to be automatically rolled into the very bottom of a scour hole and can give critical information about the maximum scour depth and effectiveness of rip-rap mitigation strategies. Four types of smart rock technologies were investigated in this proof-of-concept phase of study, including passive with embedded magnets, active with magneto-inductive communication, active with controllable magnet …
Phytotechnologies - Preventing Exposures, Improving Public Health, Heather F. Henry, Joel Gerard Burken, Raina M. Maier, Lee A. Newman, Steven Rock, Jerald L. Schnoor, William A. Suk
Phytotechnologies - Preventing Exposures, Improving Public Health, Heather F. Henry, Joel Gerard Burken, Raina M. Maier, Lee A. Newman, Steven Rock, Jerald L. Schnoor, William A. Suk
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Phytotechnologies Have Potential to Reduce the Amount or Toxicity of Deleterious Chemicals and Agents, and Thereby, Can Reduce Human Exposures to Hazardous Substances. as Such, Phytotechnologies Are Tools for Primary Prevention in Public Health. Recent Research Demonstrates Phytotechnologies Can Be Uniquely Tailored for Effective Exposure Prevention in a Variety of Applications. in Addition to Exposure Prevention, Plants Can Be Used as Sensors to Identify Environmental Contamination and Potential Exposures. in This Paper, We Have Presented Applications and Research Developments in a Framework to Illustrate How Phytotechnologies Can Meet Basic Public Health Needs for Access to Clean Water, Air, and Food. …
Plants As Bio-Indicators Of Subsurface Conditions: Impact Of Groundwater Level On Btex Concentrations In Trees, Jordan Wilson, Rachel Bartz, Matt Limmer, Joel Gerard Burken
Plants As Bio-Indicators Of Subsurface Conditions: Impact Of Groundwater Level On Btex Concentrations In Trees, Jordan Wilson, Rachel Bartz, Matt Limmer, Joel Gerard Burken
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Numerous Studies Have Demonstrated Trees' Ability to Extract and Translocate Moderately Hydrophobic Contaminants, and Sampling Trees for Compounds Such as BTEX Can Help Delineate Plumes in the Field. However, When BTEX is Detected in the Groundwater, Detection in Nearby Trees is Not as Reliable an Indicator of Subsurface Contamination as Other Compounds Such as Chlorinated Solvents. Aerobic Rhizospheric and Bulk Soil Degradation is a Potential Explanation for the Observed Variability of BTEX in Trees as Compared to Groundwater Concentrations. the Goal of This Study Was to Determine the Effect of Groundwater Level on BTEX Concentrations in Tree Tissue. the Central …
Dynamic Nonlinearity And Nonlinear Single-Degree-Of-Freedom Model For Cable Net Glazing, Ruo Qiang Feng, Jihong Ye, Guirong Yan, Jin Ming Ge
Dynamic Nonlinearity And Nonlinear Single-Degree-Of-Freedom Model For Cable Net Glazing, Ruo Qiang Feng, Jihong Ye, Guirong Yan, Jin Ming Ge
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Nonlinear Vibration Differential Equation and Vibration Frequency of Cable Net Glazing Subject to Earthquake Loading Was Determined, and a Geometrically Nonlinear Single-Degree-Of-Freedom Model for Cable Net Glazing Was Developed. the Nonlinear Response Spectra Were Established, and Nonlinear Time History Analysis with Finite Element (FE) Models Was Conducted to Verify Them. the Nonlinear Vibration Differential Equation and Frequency Obtained as Described in This Paper Provide a Basis for the Nonlinear Single-Degree-Of-Freedom Model for Cable Net Glazing. the Analytical Formula for the Nonlinear Frequency with a Simplified Expression is Highly Precise and Convenient for Use in Engineering Practice. for Larger-Amplitude Seismic …
Distribution And Accumulation Of Trichloroethylene And Trichloroacetic Acid In Hybrid Poplars, Lucas Odom, Joel Gerard Burken, Lee Newman
Distribution And Accumulation Of Trichloroethylene And Trichloroacetic Acid In Hybrid Poplars, Lucas Odom, Joel Gerard Burken, Lee Newman
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Hybrid Poplar Trees Are Known to Take Up Trichloroethylene (TCE) into above Ground Tissues, Where It Degrades into the Metabolites Trichloroacetic Acid (TCAA), Dichloroacetic Acid, and Trichloroethanol and Where Parent Chlorinated Solvents Volatilize to the Atmosphere. based on This Knowledge, Numerous Phytoremediation Applications Have Been Implemented for TCE and Other Chlorinated Solvents. Sampling of Plant Tissues Has Proven Effective for Phytoforensic and Phytoscreening Applications in Assessing Sites and Evaluating the Efficacy of Phytoremediation. However, Little is Known About the Appropriate Exposure Times and Sampling Locations Required to Obtain an Accurate Assessment of TCE and Metabolites. in This Study, Hybrid Poplars …
Report On Laboratory Testing Of Fastening Of Cfs Track To Concrete Base Materials With Pafs, With Revision, Ricardo Ramirez, Roger A. Laboube
Report On Laboratory Testing Of Fastening Of Cfs Track To Concrete Base Materials With Pafs, With Revision, Ricardo Ramirez, Roger A. Laboube
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The 2012 AISI S100 Section E5 includes design provisions for power-actuated fasteners (PAFs) for connection of cold-formed steel (CFS) to steel base materials. However, a need exists to develop an in-depth understanding when CFS wall tracks are attached to concrete base materials as part of interior and exterior wall framing applications. Current code requirements, as specified by ASCE 7 – 2010 Chapter 13 (Exception to Section 13.4.5), limit individual PAFs in nonstructural component connections as part of distributed systems, to a sustained tension service load of 90 lbs in concrete and 250 lbs in steel in Seismic Design Categories D, …
Numerical Simulation Of Vortex-Induced Vibration Of Two Circular Cylinders Of Different Diameters At Low Reynolds Number, Ming Zhao, Guirong Yan
Numerical Simulation Of Vortex-Induced Vibration Of Two Circular Cylinders Of Different Diameters At Low Reynolds Number, Ming Zhao, Guirong Yan
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Two-Degree-Of-Freedom Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV) of Two Rigidly Coupled Circular Cylinders of Different Diameters at a Low Reynolds Number of 250 is Investigated Numerically. While the Diameter Ratio and the Mass Ratio Are Kept Constant, the Study is Focused on the Effect of the Position Angle of the Small Cylinder on the Lock-In Regime of the VIV. Simulations Are Carried Out for Position Angles Α of the Small Cylinder Ranging from 0° to 180° with an Interval of 22.5° and the Reduced Velocities Ranging from 1 to 15 with an Increment of 1. in Order to Find the Effect of the …
Directional Phytoscreening: Contaminant Gradients In Trees For Plume Delineation, Matt A. Limmer, Mikhil K. Shetty, Samantha Markus, Ryan Kroeker, Beth L. Parker, Camilo Martinez, Joel Gerard Burken
Directional Phytoscreening: Contaminant Gradients In Trees For Plume Delineation, Matt A. Limmer, Mikhil K. Shetty, Samantha Markus, Ryan Kroeker, Beth L. Parker, Camilo Martinez, Joel Gerard Burken
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Tree Sampling Methods Have Been Used in Phytoscreening Applications to Delineate Contaminated Soil and Groundwater, Augmenting Traditional Investigative Methods that Are Time-Consuming, Resource-Intensive, Invasive, and Costly. in the Past Decade, Contaminant Concentrations in Tree Tissues Have Been Shown to Reflect the Extent and Intensity of Subsurface Contamination. This Paper Investigates a New Phytoscreening Tool: Directional Tree Coring, a Concept Originating from Field Data that Indicated Azimuthal Concentrations in Tree Trunks Reflected the Concentration Gradients in the Groundwater Around the Tree.To Experimentally Test This Hypothesis, Large Diameter Trees Were Subjected to Subsurface Contaminant Concentration Gradients in a Greenhouse Study. These Trees …
Energy Dissipation Of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Members, David A. Padilla-Llano, Christopher D. Moen, Matthew Eatherton
Energy Dissipation Of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Members, David A. Padilla-Llano, Christopher D. Moen, Matthew Eatherton
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Wind-Induced Torsion Vibration Of The Super High-Rise Building Of Shenzhen Energy Center, Feng Ruo-Qiang, Ye Jihong, Guirong Yan, Li Qing-Xiang, Yao Bin
Wind-Induced Torsion Vibration Of The Super High-Rise Building Of Shenzhen Energy Center, Feng Ruo-Qiang, Ye Jihong, Guirong Yan, Li Qing-Xiang, Yao Bin
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Synchronous Multipoint Scanning System Technique in Wind Tunnel Tests and Random Vibration Theory Method Were Used to Analyze the Wind-Induced Torsion Vibration of Some Irregularly Shaped Super High-Rise Buildings in Downtowns. the Torsion Vibration Modes and the Spectra of Torsion Wind Load Were Studied, and the Proportions of Mean Wind Torsion, Inertia Torsion and the Mass Eccentricity Torsion Caused by Horizontal Inertia Forces Are Discussed. the Following Conclusions Can Be Drawn. First, the Third and Fourth Modes Have Torsion Vibration Shapes, and their Frequencies Are in the High-Energy Area of the Spectra of the Torsion Wind Load; the Third …
Dynamics And Dislodgment From Pore Constrictions Of A Trapped Nonwetting Droplet Stimulated By Seismic Waves, Wen Deng, M. Bayani Cardenas
Dynamics And Dislodgment From Pore Constrictions Of A Trapped Nonwetting Droplet Stimulated By Seismic Waves, Wen Deng, M. Bayani Cardenas
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Seismic waves affect fluid flow and transport processes in porous media. Therefore, quantitative understanding of the role of seismic waves in subsurface hydrodynamics is important for the development of practical applications and prediction of natural phenomena. We present a theoretical fluid dynamics model to describe how low-frequency elastic waves mobilize isolated droplets trapped in pores by capillary resistance. The ability of the theoretical model to predict the critical mobilization amplitudes (Ac) and the displacement dynamics of the nonwetting droplet are validated against computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our theory has the advantage of rapid calculation of Ac …
North American Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Uncertainty In Radar-Rainfall Composite And Its Impact On Hydrologic Prediction For The Eastern Iowa Flood Of 2008, Bong Chul Seo, Luciana K. Cunha, Witold F. Krajewski
Uncertainty In Radar-Rainfall Composite And Its Impact On Hydrologic Prediction For The Eastern Iowa Flood Of 2008, Bong Chul Seo, Luciana K. Cunha, Witold F. Krajewski
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Key Points A significant potential source of error exists in mosaicked radar-rainfall maps. Different radar calibration offsets lead to misestimation of rainfall amounts. Systematic error in rainfall significantly affects hydrologic predictions. This study addresses a significant potential source of error that exists in radar-rainfall maps that are combined using data from multiple WSR-88D radars of the Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) national network in the United States. This error stems from different radar calibration offsets that create a border within discontinuous rainfall fields at the equidistance zone among radars. The discontinuity in rainfall fields could lead to misestimation of rainfall over …
Sensors For Integrated Monitoring And Mitigation Of Erosion, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke, Zhi Zhou, Ying Huang, Andro Radchenko
Sensors For Integrated Monitoring And Mitigation Of Erosion, Genda Chen, David Pommerenke, Zhi Zhou, Ying Huang, Andro Radchenko
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Methods and systems for measuring erosion. Systems of various embodiments include a sensor adapted to be placed where earthen material is expected to move and to sense a condition related to that movement (for instance, the position of the sensor). The sensor includes a receiver for receiving a wireless signal (be it acoustic, magneto-inductive, etc.) from another sensor which conveys an identifier for the second sensor. The first sensor also includes a signal generator that generates a second (possibly wireless) signal conveying that identifier and its own identifier. Systems of some embodiments include a second receiver placed outside of the …
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- General Provisions, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- General Provisions, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Product Data, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Product Data, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Truss Design, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Truss Design, 2012 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Special Section On Natural Treatment Systems: More Than Just A Solution To Pollution, Joel Gerard Burken
Special Section On Natural Treatment Systems: More Than Just A Solution To Pollution, Joel Gerard Burken
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Parameters Influencing Pressure During Pumping Of Self-Compacting Concrete, Dimitri Feys, Geert De Schutter, Ronny Verhoeven
Parameters Influencing Pressure During Pumping Of Self-Compacting Concrete, Dimitri Feys, Geert De Schutter, Ronny Verhoeven
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Main Difference between Conventional Vibrated Concrete (CVC) and Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is Observed in the Fresh State, as SCC Has a Significantly Lower Yield Stress. on the Other Hand, the Placement of SCC by Means of Pumping is Done with the Same Equipment and Following the Same Practical Guidelines Developed for CVC. It Can Be Questioned Whether the Flow Behavior in Pipes of SCC is Different and Whether the Developed Practical Guidelines Can Still Be Applied. This Paper Describes the Results of Full-Scale Pumping Tests Carried Out on Several SCC Mixtures. It Shows Primarily that the Slump or Yield …
Cold-Formed Steel Bolted Connections Without Washers On Oversized Slotted Holes, Phase 1, American Iron And Steel Institute
Cold-Formed Steel Bolted Connections Without Washers On Oversized Slotted Holes, Phase 1, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron And Steel Institute
Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Response Surface Method Based On Radial Basis Functions For Modeling Large-Scale Structures In Model Updating, Linren Zhou, Guirong Yan, Jinping Ou
Response Surface Method Based On Radial Basis Functions For Modeling Large-Scale Structures In Model Updating, Linren Zhou, Guirong Yan, Jinping Ou
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Response Surface (RS) Method based on Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) is Proposed to Model the Input-Output System of Large-Scale Structures for Model Updating in This Article. as a Methodology Study, the Complicated Implicit Relationships between the Design Parameters and Response Characteristics of Cable-Stayed Bridges Are Employed in the Construction of an RS. the Key Issues for Application of the Proposed Method Are Discussed, Such as Selecting the Optimal Shape Parameters of RBFs, Generating Samples by using Design of Experiments, and Evaluating the RS Model. the RS Methods based on RBFs of Gaussian, Inverse Quadratic, Multiquadric, and Inverse Multiquadric Are …
Real Time Bridge Scour Monitoring With Magneto-Inductive Field Coupling, Andriy V. Radchenko, David Pommerenke, Genda Chen, Pratik Maheshwari, Satyajeet R. Shinde, Viswa Pilla, Y. Rosa Zheng
Real Time Bridge Scour Monitoring With Magneto-Inductive Field Coupling, Andriy V. Radchenko, David Pommerenke, Genda Chen, Pratik Maheshwari, Satyajeet R. Shinde, Viswa Pilla, Y. Rosa Zheng
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Scour was responsible for most of the U.S. bridges that collapsed during the past 40 years. The maximum scour depth is the most critical parameter in bridge design and maintenance. Due to scouring and refilling of river-bed deposits, existing technologies face a challenge in measuring the maximum scour depth during a strong flood. In this study, a new methodology is proposed for real time scour monitoring of bridges. Smart Rocks with embedded electronics are deployed around the foundation of a bridge as field agents. With wireless communications, these sensors can send their position change information to a nearby mobile station. …
Sheathing Braced Design Of Wall Studs, B. W. Schafer
Sheathing Braced Design Of Wall Studs, B. W. Schafer
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
This report was prepared as part of the American Iron and Steel Institute sponsored project: Sheathing Braced Design of Wall Studs. The project also received supplementary support and funding from the Steel Stud Manufacturers Association. Additional project information and documentation is available at www.ce.jhu.edu/bschafer/sheathedwalls. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the American Iron and Steel Institute, nor the Steel Stud Manufacturers Association.
Ccfss Special Edition Technical Bulletin Spring 2013, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss Special Edition Technical Bulletin Spring 2013, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)
No abstract provided.
Molecular Diversity Of Bacteroidales In Fecal And Environmental Samples And Swine-Associated Subpopulations, Regina Lamendella, Kent C. Li, Daniel B. Oerther, Jorge W. Santo Domingo
Molecular Diversity Of Bacteroidales In Fecal And Environmental Samples And Swine-Associated Subpopulations, Regina Lamendella, Kent C. Li, Daniel B. Oerther, Jorge W. Santo Domingo
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Several swine-specific microbial source tracking methods are based on PCR assays targeting Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene sequences. The limited application of these assays can be explained by the poor understanding of their molecular diversity in fecal sources and environmental waters. In order to address this, we studied the diversity of 9,340 partial (>600bp in length) Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene sequences from 13 fecal sources and nine feces-contaminated watersheds. The compositions of major Bacteroidales populations were analyzed to determine which host and environmental sequences were contributing to each group. This information allowed us to identify populations which were both exclusive …
Pore Geometry Effects On Intrapore Viscous To Inertial Flows And On Effective Hydraulic Parameters, Kuldeep Chaudhary, M. Bayani Cardenas, Wen Deng, Philip C. Bennett
Pore Geometry Effects On Intrapore Viscous To Inertial Flows And On Effective Hydraulic Parameters, Kuldeep Chaudhary, M. Bayani Cardenas, Wen Deng, Philip C. Bennett
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this article, the effects of different diverging-converging pore geometries were investigated, and the microscale fluid flow and effective hydraulic properties from these pores were compared with that of a pipe from viscous to inertial laminar flow regimes. The flow fields are obtained using computational fluid dynamics, and the comparative analysis is based on a new dimensionless hydraulic shape factor β, which is the "specific surface" scaled by the length of pores. Results from all diverging-converging pores show an inverse pattern in velocity and vorticity distributions relative to the pipe flow. The hydraulic conductivity K of all pores is …
A Novel Approach To Detecting Breathing-Fatigue Cracks Based On Dynamic Characteristics, Guirong Yan, Alessandro De Stefano, Emiliano Matta, Ruoqiang Feng
A Novel Approach To Detecting Breathing-Fatigue Cracks Based On Dynamic Characteristics, Guirong Yan, Alessandro De Stefano, Emiliano Matta, Ruoqiang Feng
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
During the Service Life of Structures, Breathing-Fatigue Cracks May Occur in Structural Members Due to Dynamic Loadings Acting on Them. These Fatigue Cracks, If Undetected, Might Lead to a Catastrophic Failure of the Whole Structural System. Although a Number of Approaches Have Been Proposed to Detect Breathing-Fatigue Cracks, Some of Them Appear Rather Sophisticated or Expensive (Requiring Complicated Equipment), and Others Suffer from a Lack of Sensitivity. in This Study, a Simple and Efficient Approach to Detecting Breathing-Fatigue Cracks is Developed based on Dynamic Characteristics of Breathing Cracks. First, Considering that Breathing Cracks Introduce Bilinearity into Structures, a Simple System …