Engineering Commons^™

Effect Of Spray Jet Interactions On The Liquid Distribution In A Fluidized Bed, Helal Elkolaly

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Many processes use spray nozzles to introduce liquid into a fluidized bed. One such process is the Fluid Coking Process which is used to upgrade bitumen. Poor liquid distribution in a Fluid Coker proves detrimental as agglomerates form which introduce mass and heat transfer limitations. The main objective of this thesis is to determine the effect of interacting spray jets on the liquid distribution in a Fluid Coker. This was accomplished by using a low temperature experimental model of Fluid Coking to estimate the liquid distribution. Preliminary screening of nozzle positions was accomplished by the use of conductance measurements. A …

Effect Of Temperature And Successive Sprays On Liquid Distribution In Fluidized Beds, Liliana Andrea Pardo Reyes

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Liquid injection in gas-solid fluidized beds is used in several industrial processes including food additive production, manufacturing of fertilizers, intermediate processing of pharmaceutical capsules and oil refining (i.e., Fluid Coking^TM and Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC)). Good quality in the liquid distribution on the fluidized particles is fundamental in these processes either to ensure uniformity in the formation of desirable agglomerates, or to minimize their formation when undesirable. In the Fluid Coking process, for example, improving the liquid distribution and minimizing agglomerate formation will result in increasing the overall yield of the process and avoid operability problems.

A new experimental …

Development And Study Of Measurement Methods For Jets And Bogging In A Fluidized Bed, Majid Hamidi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In the Fluid Coking process, if the local concentration of liquid is very high, particles may stick together which can eventually result in process upset because of poor fluidization or even defluidization, a condition commonly known in industry as "bogging".

Using a capacitance sensor, the void distribution in a bed of coke particles can be visualized. The voidage fluctuations caused by gas bubbles have been shown to change dramatically as the bed becomes bogged. Therefore, capacitance sensors should be able to predict the bogging condition in fluid cokers.

The first part of the thesis focused on designing noiseless capacitance sensors …