Education Commons^™

School Principals' Understandings Of Student Difference And Diversity And How It Influences Their Work, Katina Pollock, Patricia Briscoe

Education Publications

This article explores how Ontario principals make sense of difference within student populations and how this sensemaking influences how they do their work. The article reports on a qualitative study in Ontario, Canada that included 59 semistructured interviews with school principals from English Public, secular school districts in Southern Ontario. Four themes emerged in principals’ descriptions of student populations: (a) perceiving everyone as the same, or homogeneous; (b) perceiving visible differences associated with particular religions, race, and cultures; (c) perceiving invisible or less visible differences, such as academic differences, socioeconomic status, mental health issues, gender identity, and sexual orientation; and …

Politics Versus Policies: Fourth Wave Feminist Critiques Of Higher Education’S Response To Sexual Violence, Rita A. Gardiner Ph.D, Michelle Shockness, Jennifer Almquist, Hayley Finn

Education Publications

This article uses the lens of fourth wave feminism to examine media accounts of institutional and student responses in two cases of sexual violence at institutions of higher education. Competing discourses reveal a disconnect between what institutions say they do and students’ actual experiences of the institutional handling of sexual violence cases. When policies, actions, and values are not fully aligned, institutions of higher education are unable to respond to societal and institutional injustices. Hence, recommendations for better alignment between institutional values and actions are proposed.

Canada’S Feminist International Assistance Policy And Private Sector Engagement In Education: Considering Action For Girls’ And Women’S Education In Asia, Deanna Matthews, Prachi Srivastava

Education Publications

This brief aims to inform potential action in view of two significant developments in Canada’s international assistance strategy — the $400 million commitment to girls’ and women’s education in response to the Charlevoix Declaration on Quality Education for Girls, Adolescent Girls and Women in Developing Countries and the strategy for engaging in private sector partnerships in the Feminist International Assistance Policy. The brief is based on original analysis of data on activity by private foundations and private sector impact investors in girls’ and women’s education in East Asia and the Pacific and South Asia, drawing on a larger regional-level …

Increasing Response Diversity To Intraverbals In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Gabrielle Lee, Xiaoyi Hu, Yanhong Liu, Chouyun Zou, Xia Cheng, Qi Zhao, Jingjing Huang

Education Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intraverbal prompts on response diversity and novelty in intraverbals posed to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The intraverbal prompts involving function, feature, and class (FFC) of an item were used in the training of three questions requiring multiple responses. Two Chinese boys with ASD (aged 5–6 years) served as participants. A multiple-probe across three behaviors design was employed. The results indicated that the intraverbal prompts effectively increased the number of divergent responses to all three questions. Novel responses emerged at a low level while generalization to similar questions …

Interrogating Discourses Of Global Education: Reconceptualizing Education As A Common Good?, Prachi Srivastava

Education Publications

This contribution analyses UNESCO's framework of education as a common good in the context of the Global South. It argues that dominant conceptions view education in a narrow, instrumentalist perspective. Despite its promise to reorient education as a broader social endeavour towards human wellbeing to lead meaningful lives (Sen, 1999), UNESCO's framework has failed to gain significant traction. I argue this is linked to challenges associated with: education and unemployment; global mobility and learning assessment systems; citizenship education; and the global governance of education policymaking.

Taste And Organization Studies, Rita A. Gardiner Ph.D

Education Publications

Using the example of the British fish and chip shop, I explore the socio-historical connections among culture, taste and organizations. Specifically, the British “chippie” illustrates how cultural tastes affect our comprehension of organizations. In examining this occupation in depth, we see how the fish and chip shop reveals the ways class and cultural prejudices affect how an organization is perceived. Considering an organization’s history offers us a glimpse into how organizational tastes are shaped by broader social processes. Additionally, I explore taste and organizations through diverse theoretical lenses. First, the chippie constitutes an organizational example of Pierre Bourdieu’s contrast between …

The Skills Gap Agenda In Canadian Higher Education Research Summary, Melody Viczko Dr, Jenna Lorusso, Shannon Mckechnie

Education Publications

Solving the skills gap is a difficult task due to the differing opinions on the subject. Even though these opinions may be different, they are all driven by the same assumptions that students are primarily motivated by economic reasoning in what they choose to study. We think that’s a problem, because there are many reasons that motive students and not all students have equal access to economic resources.

Research Summary: The Skills Gap Agenda In Canadian Higher Education, Melody Viczko Dr, Jenna Lorusso, Shannon Mckechnie

Education Publications

The issue of the ‘skills gap’ is an important discussion in higher education policy both in Canada and internationally. The idea of the skills gap is that there is an inconsistency between the skills of graduates and the needs of the labour market. The problem here is that there is no agreement about the nature of the skills gap, or that a skills gap even exists. Given that there is no agreement surrounding the issue of skills, we ask: What should we make of the different representations of the skills gap, and how are post-secondary students positioned in this issue?

Teaching Children With Autism To Understand Metaphors, Gabrielle Lee, Sheng Xu, Huiling Zou, Lina Gilic, Michelle M. Lee

Education Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an instructional procedure on the acquisition and generalization of metaphorical understanding for children with autism spectrum disorder. Three students (two boys, one girl, 5-8 years old) participated but only two completed the study. A multiple-probe design across two behaviors and three participants was used. The metaphors were categorized by topography: metaphors involving physical features and metaphors involving abstract properties. The instruction consisted of intraverbal training using echoic prompts, picture prompts, and textual prompts. The results indicated that the instruction was effective in establishing metaphorical understanding of target metaphors. Generalized …

Variability By Individual Student Characteristics Of Student Satisfaction With Promising International Student Teaching Practices, Clayton A. Smith, George Zhou, Michael Potter, Deena Wang, Miranda Pecoraro, Renan Paulino

Education Publications

This paper explores promising teaching practices for teaching linguistically and culturally diverse international students by identifying the teaching practices that have high levels of international student satisfaction and student perceptions of learning. Data were collected through an online survey at a mid-sized Canadian public comprehensive university. Variability of student satisfaction by individual student characteristics (e.g., level of study, year of study, age, gender, field of study, country of origin, length of time studying outside country of origin, parents’ educational level, and study location) is presented. Recommendations for professional practice are discussed

Figuring Out How Verb-Particle Constructions Are Understood During L1 And L2 Reading, Mehrgol Tiv, Laura Gonnerman, Veronica Whitford, Deanna Friesen, Debra Jared, Debra Titone

Education Publications

The aim of this paper was to investigate first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) reading of verb particle constructions (VPCs) among English–French bilingual adults. VPCs, or phrasal verbs, are highly common collocations of a verb paired with a particle, such as eat up or chew out, that often convey a figurative meaning. VPCs vary in form (eat up the candy vs. eat the candy up) and in other factors, such as the semantic contribution of the constituent words to the overall meaning (semantic transparency) and frequency. Much like classic forms of idioms, VPCs are difficult for L2 users. Here, we present …

Weighing Up Exercises On Phrasal Verbs: Retrieval Versus Trial-And-Error Practices, Brian Strong, Frank Boers

Education Publications

EFL textbooks and internet resources exhibit various formats and implementations of exercises on phrasal verbs. The experimental study reported here examines whether some of these might be more effective than others. EFL learners at a university in Japan were randomly assigned to four treatment groups. Two groups were presented first with phrasal verbs and their meaning before they were prompted to retrieve the particles from memory. The difference between these two retrieval groups was that one group studied and then retrieved items one at a time, while the other group studied and retrieved them in sets. The two other groups …

Teaching “Imaginary Objects” Symbolic Play To Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Gabrielle Lee, Sheng Xu, Shufang Guo, Lina Gilic, Yunhuan Pu, Jiacheng Xu

Education Publications

Symbolic play skills are important in language acquisition and child development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties demonstrating such play behaviors. Imaginary objects symbolic play refers to play behavior in which children perform play actions without actual objects. Three boys with ASD (3-7 years) participated in this study. A multiple-probe across three participants and two settings design was employed to evaluate the effects of intraverbal training on the acquisition and generalization of imaginary objects symbolic play. Results indicated that all children acquired and maintained target imaginary objects play activities. Generalization to untaught activities occurred in one child. …

Toward A Definition Of Transnational Girlhood, Catherine Vanner

Education Publications

In this article, I join a conversation about the definition and value of the term transnational girlhood. After surveying the fields of transnationalism, transnational feminism, and girlhood studies, I reflect on the representation of girls who act or are discussed as transnational figures. I critique the use of the term, analyze movements that connect girls across borders, and close by identifying four features of transnational girlhood: cross-border connections based on girls’ localized lived experiences; intersectional analysis that prioritizes the voices of girls from the Global South who, traditionally, have had fewer opportunities to speak than their Global North counterparts; recognition …

Training Car Wash Skills To Chinese Adolescents With Intellectual Disability And Autism Spectrum Disorder In The Community, Gabrielle Lee, Yunhuan Pu, Sheng Xu, Michelle W. Lee, Hua Feng

Education Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of video modeling and visual task analysis on the acquisition, maintenance, and engagement of washing cars for three Chinese adolescents with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Video-based training was conducted in the conference room of a university-affiliated autism research center in China, and the hands-on training using visual task analysis took place in a local car wash. Three male adolescents (16-19 years old) participated in this study. A multiple-probe across four tasks design was used. Results indicated that the training was effective in increasing independent and accurate responses of …

Connecting Best Practices For Teaching Linguistically And Culturally Diverse International Students With International Student Satisfaction And Student Perceptions Of Student Learning, Clayton A. Smith, George Zhou, Michael Potter, Deena Wang

Education Publications

This paper explores promising teaching practices for teaching linguistically and culturally-diverse international students by identifying the teaching practices that have high levels of international student satisfaction and student perceptions of learning. This study is based on the belief that the most effective teaching practices are where promising teaching practices, student satisfaction, and student perceptions of learning meet. Researchers used a mixed-methods research design that included an online-survey questionnaire, focus-group discussions, and individual interviews. All of the promising teaching practices identified as having high levels of student satisfaction have medium/high perceptions of student learning. Some of the promising teaching practices with …

The Impact Of Individual Differences On Cross-Language Activation Of Meaning By Phonology, Deanna Friesen, Veronica Whitford, Debra Titone, Debra Jared

Education Publications

We investigated how individual differences in language proficiency and executive control impact cross-language meaning activation through phonology. Ninety-six university students read English sentences that contained French target words. Target words were high- and low-frequency French interlingual homophones (i.e., words that share pronunciation, but not meaning across langauges; mot means ‘word’ in French and sounds like ‘mow’ in English) and matched French control words (e.g., mois – ‘month’ in French). Readers could use the homophones’ shared phonology to activate their English meanings and, ultimately, make sense of the sentence (e.g., Tony was too lazy to mot/mois the grass on Sunday) …

Hygge, Hope And Higher Education: A Case Study Of Denmark, Marianne A. Larsen

Education Publications

Higher education institutions have been profoundly reshaped by processes associated with neoliberalism. In this chapter, Larsen outlines the ways in which Denmark has ushered in marketdriven reforms to the Danish higher education system to enhance their institutional competitiveness over the past 30 years. Research on the impacts of neoliberal higher education reforms on faculty is reviewed and the author discusses her experiences (at a Canadian university) with market-driven, accountability reforms. The chapter shifts direction and provides the reader with an overview of the concept of hygge, an idealized Danish term that has connotations of coziness, safety, friendliness, and intimacy. Larsen …

Towards Transparency : A Report On Piloting The Invest-Ed Tool On Private Sector Investment In Education With Philanthropic And Impact Investing Actors In Asia, Prachi Srivastava, Robyn Read

Education Publications

The market size of global education is estimated to reach USD 10 trillion by 2030. Concurrently, there has been a growth in private-sector engagement in education generally, the sector occupying the top priority for many private investors operating in Asia. However, there is a paucity of concrete data and little transparency in reporting, inhibiting knowledge-sharing. The central concern of this pilot project was to develop an openly accessible tool to begin to fill these gaps.

This report provides a detailed overview of the process of developing and piloting Invest-ED with philanthropic and impact investing actors supporting education in Asia. Invest-ED …

A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Evaluation Of A Universal Healthy Relationships Promotion Program For Youth, Deinera Exner-Cortens, David Wolfe, Claire Crooks, Debbie Chiodo

Education Publications

Bullying and mental health problems are pressing concerns for adolescents. Given their burden, we need to find efficacious ways to prevent these experiences. However, existing prevention programs tend to be single-issue and may not focus on the universal capacities required to reduce these problems among youth. To this end, we evaluated the universal, small groups Healthy Relationships Plus (HRP) program, which focuses on the promotion of positive mental health and the reduction of bullying and substance misuse. A sample of 212 youth from Southwestern Ontario were randomly assigned to the HRP or an attention-control condition over an 8-day period during …

Using A Multiliteracies Approach In Adult Education To Foster Inclusive Lifelong Learning, Patricia A. Gouthro, Susan M. Holloway

Education Publications

This paper examines strategies that can inform everyday teaching practices of adult educators as well as teacher educators in adult and higher education through a multiliteracies approach. Using original film footage of teaching and learning, interviews with educators and learners, and analysis of curricular planning materials created by the participants, this research attempts to identify and examine features of effective pedagogy and the philosophical decision-making behind its creation.

Mapping A Multiliteracies Pedegogical Approach In Adult Education And Higher Education., Susan M. Holloway, Patricia A. Gouthro

Education Publications

This paper examines strategies that can inform everyday teaching practices of adult educators as well as teacher educators in adult and higher education through a multiliteracies approach. Using original film footage of teaching and learning, interviews with educators and learners, and analysis of curricular planning materials created by the participants, this research attempts to identify and

Comparative And International Education / Éducation Comparée Et Internationale, Marianne A. Larsen, Vanessa R. Sperduti

Education Publications

The first section of this article provides a brief history of Comparative and International Education (CIE), the official journal of the Comparative and International Education Society of Canada, over its almost 50-year history. The second section outlines general characteristics of the journal, including the role of the editors and editorial board, the bilingual nature of the journal, special issues, and book reviews. The article reviews the current general operations associated with the journal, providing details about financial aspects and changes in the production and dissemination processes as it moved from a print to an online format in 2012. …

Framing International Education In Global Times, Paul Tarc

Education Publications

No abstract provided.

Superintendents’ Work (Intensification) In A Shifting Policy Climate: Enacting A Student Discipline Strategy, Brenton Faubert, Cameron Hauseman

Education Publications

In this case narrative, senior superintendents reckon with the challenges of implementing a revised strategic policy for student discipline in an intensified work environment. Challenges include: (a) providing professional learning to familiarize leaders and educators with regulatory requirements; (b) a problematic trend of school and district leaders avoiding long-term suspensions; (c) the disproportionate number of minoritized students who are suspended/expelled; and (d) securing the resources needed to realize the punitive and preventative elements of the strategy. The case description is followed by three exercises— case framing, reflective practice, and action plan—that instructors can use in graduate-level courses and professional development …

Mapping International Refugee Access To Higher Education, Melody Viczko Dr, Marie-Agnès Détourbe Dr, Shannon Mckechnie

Education Publications

There are approximately 25 million refugees around the world, and over half of this 25 million are under the age of 25. While many refugees hold strong aspirations to attend higher education, about 3% of refugees have access due to political, social and economic challenges. The challenge is how to understand, support, and develop successful greater access to higher education for refugees.

A Comparison Of Guided Notes And Video Modules In An Online Course, Gabrielle Lee

Education Publications

The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of guided notes versus video modules as a supplement to textbook readings on student quiz scores and to evaluate the overall effectiveness of guided notes in a fully online course. A total of 15 graduate students, aged 22 to 30, participated in this study. The study combined an adapted alternating treatments design and a pretest-posttest design with all participants experienced in both teaching methods in the same sequence. The experimental conditions contained the textbook readings supplemented with guided notes versus video modules. Results indicated both guided notes and video modules …

Evaluating The Use Of An Online Video Training Program To Supplement A Graduate Course In Applied Behavior Analysis, Gabrielle Lee, Tzu-Fen Chang

Education Publications

The primary purpose of the present article was to evaluate the effects of a supplemental online video program on student quiz performance for an online course in applied behavior analysis. Nineteen graduate students, in ages ranging from 22 to 40, agreed to participate in this study. A within-subject group design was used. The control condition contained textbook readings and accompanied selfguided notes, while an online video training program was added to supplement the experimental condition. Results indicated that the students scored significantly higher in their weekly quizzes under the condition supplemented with the online video training program. The students perceived …