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Pisa : Frequently Answered Criticisms, Ray Adams
Pisa : Frequently Answered Criticisms, Ray Adams
Prof Ray Adams
Studies such as PISA that attempt to compare outcomes across educational systems are expensive and difficult to implement. Further, the results of such studies are routinely criticized by educational commentators - particularly when the results are not consistent with their preconceived ideas about the relative merits and efficiencies of various educational practices and systems. This chapter discusses what is done to ameliorate the threats to the validity of PISA in five areas often targeted by commentators and reviewers as sources of invalidity in international comparisons. The five areas discussed are: (1) sampling - are the samples of students who undertake …
The Influence Of Equating Methodology On Reported Trends In Pisa, Eveline Gebhardt, Ray Adams
The Influence Of Equating Methodology On Reported Trends In Pisa, Eveline Gebhardt, Ray Adams
Prof Ray Adams
In 2005 PISA published trend indicators that compared the results of PISA 2000 and PISA 2003. This paper explores the extent to which the outcomes of these trend analyses are sensitive to the choice of test equating methodologies, the choice of regression models and the choice of linking items. To establish trends, PISA equated its 2000 and 2003 tests using a methodology based on Rasch Modelling that involved estimating linear transformations that mapped 2003 Rasch-scaled scores to the previously established PISA 2000 Rasch-scaled scores. This paper compares the outcomes of this approach with an alternative, which involves the joint Rasch …
The Impact Of Differential Investment Of Student Effort On The Outcomes Of International Studies, J Butler, Ray Adams
The Impact Of Differential Investment Of Student Effort On The Outcomes Of International Studies, J Butler, Ray Adams
Prof Ray Adams
International comparative assessments of student achievement, such as Trends in Mathematics and Science (TIMSS) and Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA) are becoming increasingly important in the development of evidence-based education policy. The potentially far-reaching influence of such studies underscores the need for these assessments to be valid and reliable. In education, increasing recognition is being given to motivational factors which impact on student learning. This research considers a possible threat to the validity of such studies by investigating the influence the amount of effort invested by test-takers has on their outcomes. Reassuringly, it is found that the reported expenditure …