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Western Kentucky University

Health and Physical Education

Mentally tough

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Full-Text Articles in Education

Enhancing Mental Toughness In Dancers: An Intervention Study With Longitudinal Analysis And Clustering Approaches, Zoe Beck, Logan Lefke, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2024

Enhancing Mental Toughness In Dancers: An Intervention Study With Longitudinal Analysis And Clustering Approaches, Zoe Beck, Logan Lefke, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT), a psychological construct, is pivotal in achieving peak athletic performance. The literature on MT, predominantly observational in nature, remains notably limited within the realm of dance. PURPOSE: To understand the impact of an MT intervention on dancers by examining score changes over time and identifying distinct response patterns through clustering. METHODS: Female athletes (N = 39; Mage = 19.86, SD = 1.21) participated in a structured intervention designed to enhance MT, with scores collected before the intervention, after, and at a 6-week follow-up. MT scores were collected using the Mental Toughness Index …


Machine Learning Analysis Of Chronotype And Mental Toughness In Predicting Sleepiness Among Collegiate Dancers: Preliminary Findings, Alyssa Hudson, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2024

Machine Learning Analysis Of Chronotype And Mental Toughness In Predicting Sleepiness Among Collegiate Dancers: Preliminary Findings, Alyssa Hudson, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Understanding the interplay between chronotype (a trait-like characteristic denoting an individual's inherent preference for sleep and activity periods), mental toughness (MT; a state-like construct that equips individuals with the skills to endure adversity while pursuing goals), and sleepiness (a fluctuating state of propensity towards dozing off) is critical in domains where optimal performance is crucial, such as in athletics. The utilization of machine learning (ML) techniques to explore the impact of MT and chronotype on sleepiness categorization is notably scarce in collegiate dancing; thus, this approach could provide novel insights into managing dancers’ health and performance. PURPOSE: To evaluate …


The Inter-Relationship Of Coaching Profiles And Levels Of Mental Toughness: Preliminary Results Of A Pilot Study., Pedro J. Flores-Moreno, Isela R. Ramos-Carranza, Lenin T. Barajas-Pineda, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2021

The Inter-Relationship Of Coaching Profiles And Levels Of Mental Toughness: Preliminary Results Of A Pilot Study., Pedro J. Flores-Moreno, Isela R. Ramos-Carranza, Lenin T. Barajas-Pineda, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) is a personal, state-like capacity that facilitates the initiation and continuation of goal-directed activities in several domains, including sports. Sport coaches are key agents in positions of authority. Coaching philosophy has been identified as one of the key parts in the development of environments that promote MT. The Coach Orientation Questionnaire (COQ) groups coaches in six profiles (Traditional, Technological, Innovative, Collaborative, Communicator, and Confrontational) mostly based on their professional training, personality, and experience. Coaches’ levels of MT and coaching COQ profiles have not been investigated together. PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between the COQ coaching profiles …


Mental Toughness Trait Or State A Case Of Female, Ncaa Division I Soccer Players, Cece Rivera, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2020

Mental Toughness Trait Or State A Case Of Female, Ncaa Division I Soccer Players, Cece Rivera, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The importance of mental toughness (MT) in sport settings is well recognized. However, there is an ongoing debate on whether MT is a state or a trait. Recent findings supports the notion that, although there is considerable stability, MT levels could fluctuate over time. Undoubtedly, this has implications over the likelihood of developing MT and its conceptualization. PURPOSE: To examine whether MT levels fluctuate significantly or are relatively stable over time. METHODS: All 30 players of the same Atlantic 10 women’s soccer team agreed to participate (Mage= 20.3, SD=1.7). The Mental Toughness Index (MTI) …


Arbitrary Metrics In Mental Toughness Research: A Pilot Study Of Female, Ncaa, Division I Basketball Players And Their Strength And Conditioning Coach, Hanna Merrell, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2020

Arbitrary Metrics In Mental Toughness Research: A Pilot Study Of Female, Ncaa, Division I Basketball Players And Their Strength And Conditioning Coach, Hanna Merrell, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Over the past two decades, mental toughness (MT) has become one of the most popular concepts in the field of positive psychology and more particularly, in both basic and applied sport psychology. However, the dependence on arbitrary metrics remains one of the major disapprovals of MT research as a whole. Although recently relationships of MT and objective performance indicators have been investigated (e.g., race time), arbitrary metrics still appear inadequate to support answers when it comes to the actual meaning and practicality of self-reported MT scores. Multi-rating, via cross-verification from various sources, can increase the validation of scores of …


Xiv Men’S Volleyball Pan American Cup: Team Mental Toughness Correlates Perfectly With Final Placement, Marieke Van Der Mark, Pedro Flores, Lenin Barajas, Ciria Salazar, Grant Morgan, Jeffrey Forsse, Andreas Stamatis Feb 2020

Xiv Men’S Volleyball Pan American Cup: Team Mental Toughness Correlates Perfectly With Final Placement, Marieke Van Der Mark, Pedro Flores, Lenin Barajas, Ciria Salazar, Grant Morgan, Jeffrey Forsse, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) has been associated with competitive and non-competitive performance indicators in sport. On average, mentally tougher participants tend to be more successful. However, even in team-sport research, team MT is often disregarded over individual MT measurements. Results in team settings are trivial on whether team MT is related to athletic achievement/competitive performance. Volleyball is under-investigated in the applied MT literature. PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between team MT levels and competitive performance in volleyball. METHODS: Five national volleyball teams (i.e., Cuba, Mexico, Suriname, Dominican Republic, USA) were recruited during the XIV Men’s Pan American Cup ( …


Mental Health Best Practices In Ncaa: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Self-Compassion, R. Noah Padgett, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Zacharias Papadakis, Paul J. Deal, Andreas Stamatis Dr. Feb 2019

Mental Health Best Practices In Ncaa: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Mental Toughness And Self-Compassion, R. Noah Padgett, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Zacharias Papadakis, Paul J. Deal, Andreas Stamatis Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Based on National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) reports, student-athletes’ well-being is compromised by sub-clinical issues of mental health (MH) disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Preliminary data have shown a positive relationship between mental toughness (MT) and MH, self-compassion (SC) and MH, and SC and MT. To date, possible indirect causal relationships between these three constructs have not been investigated. PURPOSE: To confirm the three aforementioned relationships in NCAA athletes and explore the mediation role of MT and SC on the SC-MH and MT-MH relationships, respectively. Hypotheses: (1) MT will correlate positively with MH, (2) SC will correlate positively …