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The Value Of Mental Arithmetic In Grades Seven And Eight, Edward Oren Kay

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

This study, entitled, "An Experimental Study of the Value of Mental Arithmetic in Grades Seven and Eight," is the report of an experimental investigation in teaching arithmetic. It was conducted for the purpose of determining whether or not the use of daily drill in the four fundamental processes or arithmetic, as well as in thought problems that involve one or more of these fundamental processes, has a tendency to develop general arithmetical abilities in children.

As far as the writer can determine, little research has been done in this area. The dearth …

An Investigation Of Attitudes Toward, And Proficiencies In, Junior-High-School Arithmetic, Robert Lee Andrews

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

Definition of the Problem

The problem of this study is (1) to determine the extent of the relationship between likes and proficiencies in certain areas of arithmetic in the seventh and eighth grades in the Milwood Junior High School, Kalamazoo, Michigan, and (2) to determine the extent of the relationship between dislikes and deficiencies.

An Experimental Study Of The Relative Effectiveness Of Drill And Incidental Teaching In The Learning Of The Multiplication Tables, Rena May Gates

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

The Importance of Arithmetic

Man, since ancient times, has found a need for the use of numbers. This need started with simple numeration of quantities in daily life, and developed gradually to the complex use of arithmetic in trade and exchange. In the simplest form of family life, the number sense was exhibited in counting members of the family, years in one's life, or articles in one's possession. But as a family contacted other groups, and simple exchange took place, a gradual increase in need for numbers resulted in greater use of systems …

A Comparison Of The Relative Effectiveness Of Teaching Seventh Grade Arithmetic With A Textbook And Without A Textbook, Alfred John Reynolds

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

The Place of Arithmetic in Modern Education

The subject of arithmetic is as old as human history itself and yet it holds a very important place in modern education. In order to have a clear understanding of its present position it is desirable that a brief history of arithmetic be given. Since the history of arithmetic is long and since much has been written concerning it, an attempt will be made here to cover only the main thread in its development.

The Babylonians, according to records, made the first use of arithmetic. Karpinski …

The Effect Of The Use Of A Textbook As Compared With Supplemental Material In Teaching Biology, Wayne A. Stafford

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

Biology in the Secondary School Curriculum

There is ample evidence, both direct and tacit, that biology has justified its place in the curriculum of the secondary school.

Among the direct evidence is that stated by Heiss, Obourn, and Hoffman¹ as follows:

"On the Senior High School level, general biology is well established as a tenth grade course and is usually offered as an elective for each of three years. There is a considerable body of evidence available that seems to indicate that both general science and biology are going a long way …