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Full-Text Articles in Education

Technological Disadvantage Of The Digital Age, N. F. Johnson Dec 2004

Technological Disadvantage Of The Digital Age, N. F. Johnson

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

Debates continue about the relative benefits, costs and risks of the diffusion of computer-based technologies throughout society and schooling. One area that has received considerable attention is gender equity. Early work on gender and computers focused on differences between male and female access and use (e.g. Huff, Fleming & Cooper, 1992; Kirkman, 1993; Morritt, 1997; Nelson & Cooper, 1997; Sofia, 1993), with concerns focused on the potential for girls to be disadvantaged. In some respects, it is arguable that problems of gender equity in schools with respect to computers have been overcome. For example, in a small study I conducted …


“Being Healthy”: The Discursive Construction Of Health In New Zealand Children’S Responses To The National Education Monitoring Project, Jan Wright, L. Burrows Apr 2004

“Being Healthy”: The Discursive Construction Of Health In New Zealand Children’S Responses To The National Education Monitoring Project, Jan Wright, L. Burrows

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

In this paper we examine the discursive resources which year 4 and year 8 students draw on to construct meanings for health. Drawing on students’ responses to tasks in the New Zealand National Monitoring Project (Crooks & Flockton, 1999) we examine what students have to say about health, speculate on where these responses have come from, and on the implications of these for health education pedagogy. The students’ responses indicate that they are well-versed in “healthism” discourses which link practices like eating, exercise, smoking, drinking and taking drugs with “health”. The students’ responses also point to the construction of health …


Critical Inquiry And Problem-Solving In Physical Education, Jan Wright Jan 2004

Critical Inquiry And Problem-Solving In Physical Education, Jan Wright

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] Whether they agree that we are now in a period of postmodernity, late modernity or high modernity (Kirk 1997), social commentators do agree that we live in times characterised by profound social and cultural changes which are recognisable globally but reach into the everyday lives of individual. The nature of these changes is in large part attributed to enormous advances in technology which have allowed for the rapid processing and transmission of information within and across countries and cultures. On one hand, the greater accessibility of information from a larger range of sources has exposed different points of view …


Moving Out: The Impact Of Deinstitutionalisation On Salient Affective Variables For People With Mild Intellectual Disabilities, Rose Dixon Dr., Herb W. Marsh, Rhonda G. Craven Jan 2004

Moving Out: The Impact Of Deinstitutionalisation On Salient Affective Variables For People With Mild Intellectual Disabilities, Rose Dixon Dr., Herb W. Marsh, Rhonda G. Craven

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

This study examined the affective functioning of peopIe with mild intellectual disabilities through examining salient variables that impact of people with disabilities who have been deinstitutionalised. Its primary purpose was to extend previous research by incorporating adaptive behaviour, quality of life, in combination with multidimensional self-concept, self-esteem and locus of control, in a longitudinal/comparison design. The study utilised a longitudinal/comparison group design. The results showed that the people who were deinstitutionalised benefited in some aspects of multi-dimensional self-concept, some subscales of quality of life, and three out of five factors of adaptive behaviour. The findings have important implications for current …


The Nsw Det's Quality Teaching Framework And The Realities Of A Special Education Classroom, Leanna Formosa, Roselyn M. Dixon Jan 2004

The Nsw Det's Quality Teaching Framework And The Realities Of A Special Education Classroom, Leanna Formosa, Roselyn M. Dixon

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

In May 2003, the NSW Department of Education and Training introduced the Quality Teaching framework to NSW public schools for discussion and possible implementation. Principals and teachers were encouraged to use the framework for the twofold purpose of improving both teaching practice and student learning. While versions of the framework have been successfully used in USA and Australia, there is a paucity of research which reports on its merit, worth, or value for teachers of children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study is to explore the degree of congruence and/or 'fit' between the Quality Teaching framework and …


Becoming A Beginning Teacher: An Online Mentoring Experience For Pre-Service Physical And Health Educators, Douglas Hearne, Lori Lockyer, Gregg Rowland, John Patterson Jan 2004

Becoming A Beginning Teacher: An Online Mentoring Experience For Pre-Service Physical And Health Educators, Douglas Hearne, Lori Lockyer, Gregg Rowland, John Patterson

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

A key feature of any professional education is opportunity for students to engage in meaningful practical learning experiences. In pre-service teacher education, the practicum is a central component. However, due to increasing student numbers and limited resources in university and school sectors, the practicum has undergone challenges in recent years. As a result, innovations to enhance the practical component of this professional degree have been sought. This paper highlights the findings of one aspect of a larger study that used asynchronous Web-based communication tools to facilitate mentoring and peer support through the practice teaching experience. Analysis of qualitative data including …


Ibm Kidsmart Early Learning Programme European Evaluation, John Siraj-Blatchford, Iram Siraj-Blatchford Jan 2004

Ibm Kidsmart Early Learning Programme European Evaluation, John Siraj-Blatchford, Iram Siraj-Blatchford

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have become essential tools in modern life and their use in education is increasing rapidly at all levels. It is only recently, however, that they have been introduced more widely to children of pre-school age and one very important reason for this is to prepare them for their future lives in the knowledge society. In Europe there is a growing awareness that the foundation for technological literacy, life-long learning and creativity should be laid in the earliest years of a child's education. The pre-school education sector is still, however, at a very early stage of …


Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 3 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Karen Hanna, Louise Quinn, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart Jan 2004

Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 3 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Karen Hanna, Louise Quinn, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed from the age of 3 until the end of Key Stage 1 (age 8). Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres in Northern Ireland. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 8 years of age. In addition to the effects of pre-school experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual …


Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 1 Of Primary School, Louise Quinn, Edward Melhuish, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart Jan 2004

Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 1 Of Primary School, Louise Quinn, Edward Melhuish, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …


Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 2 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart Jan 2004

Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The End Of Year 2 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed from the age of 3 until the end of Key Stage 1 (age 8). Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres in Northern Ireland. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 8 years of age. In addition to the effects of pre-school experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual …


User Control And Task Authenticity For Spatial Learning In 3d Environments, Barney Dalgarno, Barry Harper Jan 2004

User Control And Task Authenticity For Spatial Learning In 3d Environments, Barney Dalgarno, Barry Harper

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes two empirical studies which investigated the importance for spatial learning of view control and object manipulation within 3D environments. A 3D virtual chemistry laboratory was used as the research instrument. Subjects, who were university undergraduate students (34 in the first study and 80 in the second study), undertook tasks in the virtual laboratory and were tested on their spatial knowledge through written tests. The results of the study indicate that view control and object manipulation enhance spatial learning but only if the learner undertakes authentic tasks that require this learning. These results have implications for educational designers …


Developing A Learning Object Metadata Application Profile Based On Lom Suitable For Australian Higher Education Context, Shirley Agostinho, Sue Bennett, Lori Lockyer, Barry Harper Jan 2004

Developing A Learning Object Metadata Application Profile Based On Lom Suitable For Australian Higher Education Context, Shirley Agostinho, Sue Bennett, Lori Lockyer, Barry Harper

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports recent work in developing of structures and processes that support university teachers and instructional designers incorporating learning objects into higher education focused learning designs. The aim of the project is to develop a framework to guide the design and implementation of high quality learning experiences. This framework is premised on the proposition that learning objects are resources that can be incorporated within a learning design. The learning design serves as the pedagogical model that drives the development. The first phase of the project required an analysis of metadata schemas by which learning objects could be described, to …


Six Words Of Writing, Many Layers Of Significance : An Examination Of Writing As Social Practice In An Early Grade Classroom, Pauline Harris, Philip Fitzsimmons, Barbra Mckenzie Jan 2004

Six Words Of Writing, Many Layers Of Significance : An Examination Of Writing As Social Practice In An Early Grade Classroom, Pauline Harris, Philip Fitzsimmons, Barbra Mckenzie

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper explores a six-year-old child's text that he wrote at school. We explore this text in order to demonstrate how even a simple text embodies many complex aspects of writing. These aspects include how writers represent texts, compose meaning, achieve social purposes, and position readers. We more deeply examine these aspects of writing practices in terms of contexts of situation and culture in which a child writes. In this examination, we consider how a child's experiences, predispositions and resources form a significant part of their classroom writing context.


Holding Environments: Creating Spaces To Support Children's Environmental Learning In The 21st Century, Karen Malone Jan 2004

Holding Environments: Creating Spaces To Support Children's Environmental Learning In The 21st Century, Karen Malone

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

For many children across the globe, whether in low or high income nations, growing up in the 21st century will mean living in overcrowded, unsafe and polluted environments which provide limited opportunity for natural play and environmental learning. Yet Agenda 21, the Habitat Agenda and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child all clearly articulate the importance of urban environments as the context for supporting children's sense of place, community identity and empathy with the natural world. I will argue in this paper that these attributes are all key drivers for supporting children in their role as …


Where Is The Story?: Intertextual Reflections On Literary Research And Practices In The Early School Years, Pauline Harris, Jillian Trezise, W N. Winser Jan 2004

Where Is The Story?: Intertextual Reflections On Literary Research And Practices In The Early School Years, Pauline Harris, Jillian Trezise, W N. Winser

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The authors gave the following talk at the 2003 NCTE Annual Convention in San Francisco upon receiving the Alan C. Purves Award, presented to the RTE article from the previous year's volume judged most likely to have an impact on classroom practice. Writing as lead author, Pauline Harris traces the history of her interest in children's intertextuality through her life as a classroom teacher, her doctoral studies in the Bay Area, and her recent work with colleagues Jillian Trezise and W. N. Winser in Australia. As they describe the impetus behind their award-winning article and suggest directions for future research, …


'I Don't Really Know, So It's A Guess': Women's Reasons For Breast Cancer Risk Estimation., Nancy Humpel, Sandra C. Jones Jan 2004

'I Don't Really Know, So It's A Guess': Women's Reasons For Breast Cancer Risk Estimation., Nancy Humpel, Sandra C. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Women of all ages have been found to overestimate both the incidence and the mortality rate from breast cancer and the reasons for this are unclear. A qualitative study asked eighty three women (mean age = 44 years) how likely they thought they were to get breast cancer and to explain the reasoning behind their choice. Based on their responses, women's perceptions were categorised as: no risk (5%); reasonably accurate (30%); overestimated (22%); and greatly overestimated (43%). Four main themes emerged from the reasons given: 'Don't know/guess', 'family history' of breast cancer, 'age' related reasoning, and making their decision from …


A Matter Of Trust - Patient's Views On Decision-Making In Colorectal Cancer, Glenn P. Salkeld, Michael J. Solomon, Leonie Short, Phyllis N. Butow Jan 2004

A Matter Of Trust - Patient's Views On Decision-Making In Colorectal Cancer, Glenn P. Salkeld, Michael J. Solomon, Leonie Short, Phyllis N. Butow

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: To determine which aspects of the treatment decision process, therapy and outcomes are most important to patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Design: Cross-sectional survey. Participants: A total of 102 men and 73 women who had completed primary treatment for CRC in two teaching hospitals in Central Sydney, Australia. Main outcomes measures: Patient's rating of the importance of the decision-making aspects and outcomes of treatment for CRC. Results: Trust in their surgeon and confidence of specialty training are of paramount importance to CRC patients. Patients also have a strong desire to get on with treatment quickly and rate the risk …


Inclusion Of Cost Effectiveness In Licensing Requirements Of New Drugs: The Fourth Hurdle, R Taylor, M. Drummond, Glenn P. Salkeld, S Sullivan Jan 2004

Inclusion Of Cost Effectiveness In Licensing Requirements Of New Drugs: The Fourth Hurdle, R Taylor, M. Drummond, Glenn P. Salkeld, S Sullivan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Increasing numbers of countries are considering cost effectiveness in decisions about which drugs to make available for prescription. How do the different approaches work and is it time for standardisation?


Pre-School Experience And Literacy And Numeracy Development At The End Of Year 2 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart Jan 2004

Pre-School Experience And Literacy And Numeracy Development At The End Of Year 2 Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Karen Hanna, Kathy Sylva, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Pam Sammons, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed from the age of 3 until the end of Key Stage 1 (age 8). Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres in Northern Ireland. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 8 years of age. In addition to the effects of pre-school experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual …


The Effective Provision Of Pre-School Education (Eppe) Project: Findings From The Early Primary Years, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart Jan 2004

The Effective Provision Of Pre-School Education (Eppe) Project: Findings From The Early Primary Years, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This brief focuses on the main findings related to pre-school effects on children's development up to age 7.


Temporal Requirements For Configuration, Switch, And Shape-Change Detection In Novel Objects, Simone Favelle, Stephen Palmisano Jan 2004

Temporal Requirements For Configuration, Switch, And Shape-Change Detection In Novel Objects, Simone Favelle, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 27th European Conference on Visual Perception, 22-26 August 2004, Budapest, Hungary


From Theory To Practice: What Does The Metaphor Of Scaffolding Mean To Educators Today?, Irina Verenikina Jan 2004

From Theory To Practice: What Does The Metaphor Of Scaffolding Mean To Educators Today?, Irina Verenikina

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The current emphasis on rising educational standards in Australian society (eg A Commonwealth Government Quality Teacher Initiative, 2000) has stimulated a growing interest in Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory widely renowned for its profound understanding of teaching and learning. The metaphor of scaffolding commonly viewed as underpinned by socio-cultural theory and the zone of proximal development in particular, has become increasingly popular among educators in Australia (Hammond, 2002). Teachers find the metaphor appealing as it "offers what is lacking in much literature on education - an effective conceptual metaphor for the quality of teacher intervention in learning" (Hammond, 2002, p.2). However, there …


Designing And Researching A Youth Development Model For Physical Activity Participation, Jan Wright, Stuart Woodcock, Jeanette Webb Jan 2004

Designing And Researching A Youth Development Model For Physical Activity Participation, Jan Wright, Stuart Woodcock, Jeanette Webb

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

The project to be described in this paper was originally conceived in the context of research that points to depression as a major factor influencing the health and well-being of young women (Biddle 1995; Yarcheski 2001) and other research that suggests a relationship between participation in physical activity and improvements in the protective factors associated with depression.


Support Or Spoon Feeding? Research Skills Training For First Year Marketing Students In A Large Class, S. R. Lambert, V. K. Yanamandram Jan 2004

Support Or Spoon Feeding? Research Skills Training For First Year Marketing Students In A Large Class, S. R. Lambert, V. K. Yanamandram

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

This paper describes the work done by the authors to develop and evaluate a new worksheet and quiz assessment developed to explicitly teach the skills required by marketing students to complete their studies and to be successful professional marketers. While concerns were raised in the teaching faculty that such interventions might amount to spoon feeding, the authors felt that there was sufficient evidence to suggest that such an activity was an effective learning support, especially in such a large first year class. Student survey results indicate that for many students the activity successfully taught a repeatable process of how to …


Game Sense Online - Utilising The Web For The Professional Development Of Physical And Health Education Teachers, Philip J. Pearson, Jacob Towns, Gregg S. Rowland, Paul Webb Jan 2004

Game Sense Online - Utilising The Web For The Professional Development Of Physical And Health Education Teachers, Philip J. Pearson, Jacob Towns, Gregg S. Rowland, Paul Webb

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

In 2005, a new Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE) Years 7–10 Syllabus will replace the current syllabus and be implemented with Year 7 and Year 9 students in NSW secondary schools. Informed by contemporary research, the new syllabus represents changes to both the content and the teaching strategies traditionally utilised by teachers. One area that has undergone major changes within the syllabus has been that of the teaching of games, with the move towards a Game Sense framework. It is expected that the implementation of the new syllabus will also be accompanied by a variety of traditional professional …


Analysing Sportsmedia Texts: Developing Resistant Reading Positions, Jan Wright Jan 2004

Analysing Sportsmedia Texts: Developing Resistant Reading Positions, Jan Wright

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

[Extract] The American educator Darryl Siedentop includes in his definition of a physically educated person the capacity to be 'involved critically in the sport, fitness and leisure cultures of their nations' (in Tinning 2002: 338). David Kirk uses the term physical culture to refer to the meanings, values and social practices concerned with the maintenance, representation and regulation of the body through institutionalised forms of physical activity such as sport, physical recreation, and exercise (Kirk 1997). He argues that in the process of their engagements with physical culture, young people do not merely 'participate' in physical activities, they are also …


University Student Administration And Quality Improvement - A Holistic Approach, Narottam L. Bhindi, P Shanahan Jan 2004

University Student Administration And Quality Improvement - A Holistic Approach, Narottam L. Bhindi, P Shanahan

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

This paper explores links between quality in student administraiton with overall university quality. It identifies the need for a holistic approach to quality improvement in student administration within Australian universities. It suggests that the challenge for quality improvement is to first develop a knowledge of stakeholders' conceptions of quality and then design matching quality improvement processes and procedures within a 'learning organisation' context. Further, it argues that long term success in the area of quality improvement will be determined by 'authentic leadership' within a context of organisational cultural change.


Doctors' Views About The Importance Of Shared Values In Hiv Positive Patient Care: A Qualitative Study, A Lawlor, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer Jan 2004

Doctors' Views About The Importance Of Shared Values In Hiv Positive Patient Care: A Qualitative Study, A Lawlor, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Robert Veatch has proposed a model of the doctor-patient relationship that has as its foundation the sharing of values between the doctor and the patient. This paper uses qualitative research conducted with six doctors involved in the long term, specialised care of HIV positive patients in South Australia to explore the practical application of Veatch's value sharing model in that setting. The research found that the doctors in this study linked "values" with sexual identity such that they defined value sharing, in part, as a shared set of values and beliefs about sexual identity and practices. They voluntarily identified themselves …


The Ethics Of Pharmaceutical Industry Relationships With Medical Students, Wendy Rogers, Peter R. Mansfield, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Jon N. Jureidini Jan 2004

The Ethics Of Pharmaceutical Industry Relationships With Medical Students, Wendy Rogers, Peter R. Mansfield, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Jon N. Jureidini

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

  • Little research has been done on the extent of the relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical students, and the effect on students of receiving gifts.

  • Potential harms to patients are documented elsewhere; we focus on potential harms to students.

  • Students who receive gifts may believe that they are receiving something for nothing, contributing to a sense of entitlement that is not in the best interests of their moral development as doctors.

  • Alternatively, students may be subject to recognised or unrecognised reciprocal obligations that potentially influence their decision making.

  • Medical educators have a duty of care to protect students from …


Birth Parents And The Reunification Process: A Study Of The Mendocino County Model, Laura Frame, Amy Conley Wright, Jill Duerr Berrick Jan 2004

Birth Parents And The Reunification Process: A Study Of The Mendocino County Model, Laura Frame, Amy Conley Wright, Jill Duerr Berrick

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of this study is to closely examine key services offered by the Mendocino County Family Service Center (MCFSC), in order to better understand the change process for birth parents in the child welfare system, their service needs, and the potential usefulness of the MCFSC model in meeting those needs. In particular, the study sought to examine the role of the Intake and Empowerment groups, to identify the key components of the group interventions that appeared to facilitate a change process for birth parents; and give voice to the experience of birth parents with respect to this change process …