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Teacher Education and Professional Development
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From Forced Tolerance To Forced Busing: Wartime Intercultural Education And The Rise Of Black Educational Activism In Boston, Zoe Burkholder
From Forced Tolerance To Forced Busing: Wartime Intercultural Education And The Rise Of Black Educational Activism In Boston, Zoe Burkholder
Department of Educational Foundations Scholarship and Creative Works
In this article, Zoë Burkholder explores the historical interplay of the emergence of tolerance education in the United States and the rise of black educational activism in Boston. By uncovering a pointed lack of tolerance education in Boston and a widespread promotion of tolerance education in other cities in the early half of the twentieth century, the author reveals how racial, historical, and political factors complicated tolerance education's local implementation in Boston. Informed by local racialized politics in the 1940s, the predominantly Irish Catholic teaching force in Boston declined to teach lessons on racial tolerance that were popular nationwide during …