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Full-Text Articles in Education
An Initial Development Of A Hardiness Scale For Elementary School Students, Stephen Ferrara
An Initial Development Of A Hardiness Scale For Elementary School Students, Stephen Ferrara
Educational Specialist, 2009-2019
There are limited studies that have investigated levels of hardiness in children. There is even less information on finding hardiness scales that have been normed on children in elementary school. The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Hardiness Scale for Children (HSC), which assesses the three subscales of hardiness: Challenge, Control, and Commitment. 121 elementary school students (2nd-5th grade) were selected to complete the HSC. Their parents were also asked to complete a three-item scale to measure their child’s hardiness. The results indicated that older children tended to give themselves …
Inter-Rater Reliability: A Question Of Measurement In Social Science Research, Lani Kai Eggertsen Goff
Inter-Rater Reliability: A Question Of Measurement In Social Science Research, Lani Kai Eggertsen Goff
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Erik Erikson (1968) set forth the framework for the conceptualization and adolescent identity formation in the late 1960's. The assessment of identity invokes a subjective measurement of a youth's process and current standing regarding sociopsychological development. According to Adams (1987) throughout Erikson's writings a "conscious sense of individual identity," a process of "ego synthesis" and formation of sense of social "ideals and social identity" are central considerations when discussing identity.