Tourism and Travel Commons^™

The Economic Impact Of Olympic Games: Effects Of Host Country Announcements On Stock Market Returns, Bryan Engelhardt, Victor Matheson, Alex Yen, Max Chisholm

Economics Department Working Papers

Roughly seven years before an Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) accepts bids from countries to host an Olympics. Subsequently, the IOC determines and announces to the world who has won (and lost) the right to host. Contrary to prior evidence, we find the announcements do not affect the bidding countries’ stock markets. We complement prior studies by including additional, more recent, years of announcements, by investigating whether there are effects prior to the announcement, and by testing for an effect both parametrically and non-parametrically.

Christianity And Gambling: An Introduction, Massimo Leone

Occasional Papers

Religions hold complex relations with games and, in particular, with gambling. The article focuses on Christianity. On the one hand, the history of this religion shows a tendency to condemn games as source of distraction from spiritual rectitude and to stigmatize gambling, above all, as opening to metaphysical randomness and, as a consequence, as challenge to the idea of divine omniscience. On the other hand, Christianity has also sought to reinterpret games, and even gambling, as possible occasion for moral improvement and as useful distraction from the hardship of monastic life. A theological perspective that reaches its peak in Thomas …

Penatalaksanaan Okupasi Terapi Dalamaktivitas Menggunakan Beha Dengan Konsep Bobath Pada Pasien Stroke Hemiparesis Sinistra Di Klinik Sasana Husada, Hidayati, E. R. N, Arum Pratiwi, Rita Aliya

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Stroke is brain attack due to vascular injury that can damage the brain permanently because of neurologist disorder. The purpose of this intervention is to improve patient's ability to wear bras according to Occupation Therapy's view. The method that will be used to improve the patient ability who suffer from function disorder, movement, and control due to the lesion in the central nerve system is Bobath Concept. By giving eight times intervention, it can be seen that there is improvement postural control and less pain in the shoulder area when it moved. The result of this shows that there is …

‘At The Altar Of Memory’: Great Irish Famine Memorials In Words And Images, E. Moore Quinn

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

After discussing some of the most important facts and figures pertaining to An Gorta Mór (the Great Irish Famine of 1845-1852), this article turns to some of the images of monuments, crosses, stones and sculptures erected in commemoration of those who succumbed during the period. Alongside the images are travelers' statements, many of which were captured by the author while journeying to 'dark pilgrimage' sites in Ireland, Canada and the United States.

When Brother Becomes Other: Communitas And Conflict Along The Camino De Santiago, Megan E. Havard

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

It is widely believed, both by scholars and practitioners of pilgrimage, that during the rite most if not all pilgrims experience communitas - a sense of community, of mutual understanding and acceptance of their fellow ritual initiates that is unfettered by traditional social structures or markers of difference. Nevertheless, evidence indicates that conflict also regularly arises among pilgrims, even as they navigate the same liminoid space in pursuit of a common goal. Pilgrims may experience conflict with one another due to differences in personality, divergent cultural backgrounds, the perception of scarcity of resources, the intrinsic stress of transformation, or myriad …

Interpreting Contemporary Pilgrimage As Spiritual Journey Or Aesthetic Tourism Along The Appalachian Trail, Kip Redick

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Pilgrimage and tourism can be interpreted as overlapping travel experiences. Given all the changes mass transportation and communication technologies have brought, understanding the phenomenon of pilgrimage becomes fraught with ambiguity. Is pilgrimage better understood as a tourist excursion that affords instances of religious devotion? Pilgrimage routes and long distance scenic trails have their aesthetic appeal, which pilgrims and tourists enjoy. Is there a difference in the way these two groups walk these trails that become manifest through aesthetic experiences and encounters? Looking at long distance hiking on the Appalachian Trail as spiritual journey opens up a reinterpretation of both pilgrimage …

The Maria Lionza Pilgrimage: From Sacred Mountains To Hotels, Cristina Carter

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

María Lionza is an indigenous Venezuelan religion that dates back to the 14th century. Combining Catholic, West African, and indigenous religions it was outlawed from being practiced until 1959. At this moment, María Lionza no longer hides from society, being transferred through means of oral tradition and family kinship, instead, it has built a strong foundation through politics and documented literature. As the pilgrimage has gained popularity and approximately 50% of Venezuelans attend, the state has become more involved. In 1960 the state named Mount Sorte (the location of the pilgrimage) a national park; giving them more authority over the …

Women's Words About Pilgrims To Santiago De Compostela, 1890 - 1920, Maryjane Dunn

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Many scholarly articles claim that the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela was moribund at the turn of the last century based on statistical surveys of the Cathedral and Hospital Real registers, but these numbers only represent a fraction of the persons who devoutly visited Santiago Cathedral. In reality, the late nineteenth and early twentieth century pilgrimage as described by five turn-of-the-nineteenth-century female authors.- Emilia Pardo Bazán, Katherine Lee Bates, Georgiana Goddard King, Annette Meakin, and Catherine Gasquoine Hartley - is itself in a liminal state, between the traditional pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela and the newer tourist-pilgrim. The writings by …

Ecology Of Pilgrimage: Building Socio-Ecological Community On The Way, Peggy L. Eppig

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

A developed sense of interdependence with the socio-ecological landscapes of pilgrimage can serve as a path for accepting and reducing the impact we have in our sacred travels. Developing ecological habits of mind allows the pilgrim to draw deeper meanings from and thus greater affinity with the natural world. Raising awareness of environmental issues and appreciating the interaction of humans and the natural world helps modern pilgrims play an important role in conservation and restoration of pilgrimage landscapes.

Political Pilgrimage During China’S Cultural Revolution: The Case Of Dazhai, Ian S. Mcintosh

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

During China’s Cultural Revolution (1966-76) political pilgrimage was a tool for promoting the communist ideal of collectivism. This paper explores the creation in the 1960s by Chairman Mao Zedong of one of the foremost sites of political pilgrimage, the small agricultural commune of Dazhai in north-central China. I argue that in the days of militant atheism, all the factors usually associated with the creation of a religious pilgrimage site were present and utilized to great effect by the communists to create a ‘super symbol’ of China’s desired future. These factors included a miracle, charismatic leadership, altruism, poignant sites of historical …

Enacting The Glastonbury Pilgrimage Through Communitas And Aural/Visual Culture, Kathryn R. Barush

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The sacred sites of Glastonbury in Somerset, England have long been places of pilgrimage, connected to the legend of the journey of Joseph of Arimathea to the British Isles, and have fired the imagination from the Middle Ages to today - inspiring the Arthurian legends, folk-stories and song, and visual representations. In response to the question ‘What is Pilgrimage,’ this essay seeks to explore the conjunction of artistic representations and geographic journeys to and among the ancient topography and mysterious structures of Glastonbury, with a particular focus on how sacred travel, and especially an experience of communitas, can be engendered …

Concerning The Spectacular Austerities, Brian Bouldrey

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Modern pilgrims are the updated versions of hermit athletae Dei, athletes of God, as the Desert Fathers are called by Dorotheus the Theban. Are the more ascetic of religious pilgrims going too far with their spectacular austerities?

What Is Pilgrimage?, George D. Greenia

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The term ‘pilgrimage’ has become a commonplace in modern conversations about any travel that is announced as ‘intentional,’ ‘purposeful,’ ‘transformative,’ or simply promises to be ‘authentic.’ Scholars have to navigate between the twin advantage and liability that pilgrimage studies operate under no one disciplinary lens or unified methodology, and the historical range is infinite. Many feel that modern tourism needs to preserve a place for the respectful non-believer without degrading the experience of traditional religious pilgrims. To some degree all intentional travelers are open to an experience of the transcendent that’s compatible with their belief systems and they are willing …

What Is Pilgrimage? A Report Of The Panel At The 2017 Symposium On Pilgrimage Studies, William & Mary, October 7, 2017, Robert C. Nickerson, George D. Greenia, Ian S. Mcintosh, E. Moore Quinn

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

No abstract provided.

Vol. 6(Ii) - Cover And Table Of Contents

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Fundamentals Of International Aviation, Alan Bender

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Not applicable.

Walking The Paths Of Fr John Sullivan: A Potential Irish Pilgrimage Route And Trail For The Sick And Needy, Vreny Enongene, Kevin Griffin, Tony Kiely

Conference papers

Spiritual tourism is said to be growing in popularity globally, and so is the interest in the development of products and services to meet the needs and expectation of this growing market segment. Scholars are equally interested in the development of niche faith-based markets and products, as evident in the most recent international conference on niche market formation for faith-based tourism that took place in Malta on the 20^th of October 2017. However, it is equally evident on a global scale that destinations that are host to ecclesiastical heritages are increasingly developing and redeveloping new and old products respectively, …

The Importance Of Community Engagement For The Development Of Rural Sacred Sites, Vreny Enongene, Kevin Griffin

Conference papers

https://www.thric2018.ie/uploads/6/9/2/5/6925239/thric_conference_proceedings_2018.pdf

According to the partners of sacred places, there is growing evidence of the centrality of sacred places in community life www.sacredplaces.org. Crucial given their regional sustainable economic development potential (Enongene & Griffin, 2016). Thus, for both parties to tap in to these potentials, a collaborative approach, that engages all community stakeholders is essential in addressing their shared problem and providing practical and effective solutions to issues affecting their well-being. Essential given that Community engagement has been acknowledged as a powerful tool in the achievement of long-term sustainable outcomes. To buttress this argument, quite recently, there has been a …

Ninth Island, Las Vegas: Hawaiian Gaming Tourism And The California Hotel, Cynthia Van Gilder, Dana Herrera

Occasional Papers

Many people do not realize that Las Vegas, Nevada is home to a unique niche tourism: it is overwhelmingly the vacation destination of choice for residents of the state of Hawai’i, even affectionately termed the “Ninth Island.” Many credit the strong Hawaiian interest in Las Vegas to the fact that there is no legal gaming in the state of Hawai’i, however, data indicates that it is not just the opportunity to gamble that bring Hawaiian tourists here, but also the specifc amenities and experience offered at one particular hotel and casino, The California Hotel. Nicknamed “The Cal,” this establishment is …

Editor's Introduction, Hazel Andrews

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

No abstract provided.

From Travellers To Activist Global Citizens? Practitioner Reflections On An Activist/Volunteer Tourist Project, Sameena Dalwai, Brendan Donegan

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Where their parents sought an essentially passive observation of the exotic while "roughing it‟ on foot and in sleeper class, a new generation of young travellers from the global North seek authentic experience in the global South through opportunities to actively engage with the realities of poverty-stricken slums as volunteer tourists. Free of their conventional social ties and uninhibited in their attempts to carve out new global citizen roles for themselves, the youths experience a bonding „communitas‟ with each other, and when they return home their social status is raised in the eyes of employers and peers. This paper focuses …

Aoraki/Mt Cook And The Mackenzie Basin’S Transition From Wilderness To Tourist Place, Anna Thompson-Carr

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

The natural landscapes of New Zealand are a key attraction for domestic and international visitors for a variety of recreation and leisure purposes. This paper explores the interactions between heritage and recreational values for a region in New Zealand known for its sublime landscape (Bell and Lyall 2002). The paper discusses the transient movements and activities of visitors encountering this sociocultural landscape, often seeking to view the iconic landmark - Aoraki/Mt Cook – part of the Te Wahipounamu South West New Zealand World Heritage area – which is accessed via the Mackenzie Basin. Aoraki/Mt Cook National Park is a wilderness …

From Liminoid To Limivoid: Understanding Contemporary Bungee Jumping From A Cross-Cultural Perspective, Bjørn Thomassen, Maja Balle

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

This article is about bungee jumping and how it reflects the world in which we live. During the 1980s bungee jumping became one of the most popular ways of seeking a ‘real experience’, when the practice was commercialised and introduced as a leisure activity all around the world. This happened in the same period as outdoor sport activities or ‘outdoor recreation’ exploded in kinds and numbers, clearly linked to the ‘experiential turn in tourism’ and the proliferation of ‘adventure tourism’. A key feature of these activities is the experience of danger: going to the limits, or indeed, standing on the …

Another Space: Gleaning The Urban Littoral, Les Roberts

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Another Space is a short ethnographic film about artist Antony Gormley‟s installation „Another Place‟ at Crosby Beach north of Liverpool. The visuals, shot on a visit to the beach in Easter 2009, are cut to a mosaic of voices drawn from interviews conducted with visitors to the beach. Respondents are asked what the artwork means to them and what feelings and emotions it evokes. This article, written as an accompaniment to the film, as well as to Hazel Andrew‟s study published in the edited volume Liminal Landscapes: Travel, Experience, and Spaces In-between (2012), provides an auto-ethnographic reflection on the installation …

Conference Report: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.1 2012, Graham Busby

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

No abstract provided.

Book Reviews: Journal Of Tourism Consumption And Practice Volume 4 No.1 2012, Maximiliano E. Korstanje

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

Prison: Cultural Memory and Dark Tourism. Jacqueline Z. Wilson. (2008) Peter Lang Publishing, New York. Pp. 247, Hb. ISBN 978-14331-0279-0 The Conquest of Holidays. Short History of tourism in Argentina. Elisa Pastoriza. (2011) Buenos Aires, Edhasa. P. 293, Hb. ISBN 978-987-628-115-7.

Mirroring The Anthropologist: Reflex-Ions Of The Self: The Gendered, Indigenous, Reflexive Self, Filareti Kotsi

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

No abstract provided.

Touristing Home: Muddy Fields In Native Anthropology, Claudia N. Câmpeanu

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

In this paper, I explore dilemmas of conducting fieldwork at home. Using examples of my field and analytical notes, I illustrate the emotional, affective charge the process of ethnographic writing can take, especially when one positions herself as a feminist and attempts to produce feminist work. I argue that there is value in allowing ourselves to inhabit this messy analytical space and to use this experience as a basis for useful theorizing.

Researching Tourism: Reflexive Practice And Gender, Hazel Andrews, Pamila Gupta

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

No abstract provided.

Single Or Married? Positioning The Anthropologist In Tourism Research, Chiara Cipollari

Journal of Tourism Consumption and Practice

In this paper I reflect upon the difference „stages‟, appellations, and roles I went through during my fieldwork in Botiza, a village situated in the North-western part of Romania. The village has developed a form of locally managed rural tourism since 1994. My fieldwork coincided with a period of transformation, in which there were very few tourists and local tourism politics were hardly developed, through a period of exponential growth in tourism demand between 1995 and 2001. Both the populace and the administration have had to review local social dynamics, in order to organise the village and deal with the …