Sports Management Commons^™

Fighting In Hockey -- Player Perceptions, Jordan Doroshenko

Sport Management Undergraduate

There is a certain amount of physicality involved in all levels of hockey. The aggressive styles of play and attitudes have evolved into one of the most violent team sports. Fighting has been utilized as a marketing tool to increase viewership of hockey. The fights have increased in recent years, and there are many perceptions that portray its significance within the sport. The media markets physical aspects of the game, which reaches players of all ages and influences them to follow suit. Social media websites, television shows, sport analysts, and movies have been created solely focusing on big hits, fights, …

Sport-Type Differences In Drinking Behaviors And Motives Among St. John Fisher College Student Athletes, Carly Szydlowski

Sport Management Undergraduate

In lieu of an abstract, here is the paper's first paragraph: It is known that alcohol abuse among college students has been, and remains, a very prevalent issue in our society today; however, some may not know the extent to which student athletes consume alcohol. Green, Uryasz, Petr and Bray (2008) conducted a study for the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in 2001 and found that approximately 80% of collegiate student athletes consumed alcohol on an annual basis, and that number has only risen. Not only are a large percentage of student athletes consuming alcohol, they are doing so much …

Head Coaching Gender Equality At The Division Iii Level, James Troutman

Sport Management Undergraduate

Throughout history gender discrimination has created barriers that have prevented women from achieving their desired career goals no matter what the work setting is. One way that steps were made towards the elimination of gender discrimination was the enactment of Title IX in 1972. Pervious research has examined barriers that women head coaches coaching men’s teams have had to overcome in order to acquire their position. The coaches who were used in that research either coached NCAA Division I men’s teams or all three divisions combined. The barriers these women experienced were both externally and internally barriers. The external barriers …

The Level Of Comfort Coaches Have For Dealing With Children With Behavioral Disabilities, Rebecca Campbell

Sport Management Undergraduate

Studies have shown that children with behavioral disorders should be included in sports. This research looks at the comfort level coaches have with the idea of having children with behavioral disorders on their team. The research goes further into this question by looking at training as a possible option to increase the level of comfort. The study looks into the survey that was conducted and goes into further explanation as to how this affects youth sports. The discussion of the findings shows who is most affected by this research and what else can be examined.

Avid Fan’S Impact On Casual Fans, Cory Law

Sport Management Undergraduate

In lieu of an abstract, here is the paper's first paragraph: The lifeline of the sporting industry is the fans that attend the games, purchase merchandise, consume media, and passionately follow their favorite team or sport. Sport organizations do whatever they can to attract fans to their games and entice them to buy more tickets, merchandise, concessions and consume more of their team through social media, visits to the team website, and following the team. A critical area for these sport franchises to examine is why fans attend sporting events and what makes them a loyal fan of a certain …

Female Fan Avidity In The National Football League, Kathrine Damato

Sport Management Undergraduate

Women have become increasingly interested in sports. Significantly so with the National Football League, 44% of NFL fans are female fans (Waller, 2013). This new found fandom has abruptly changed the demographic and target market of the sports fan base. Therefore, there has not been a significant amount of research done on the level of fan avidity of females. My goal was to observe the female NFL fan base and help to determine what level of avidity females were considered.

The Exploitation And Trafficking Of African Youth Soccer Players In Their Pursuit For Soccer Stardom, Christopher Guido

Sport Management Undergraduate

My topic will look at the issue of unlicensed soccer academies in Africa and how they exploit the families of kids with dreams of traveling to Europe and playing for major soccer clubs like Manchester United and Real Madrid. Before looking at this specific issue, the larger picture of human trafficking must be looked at as to why it happens in the first place. Looking at current laws and looking at their effectiveness of decreasing trafficking. Human trafficking awareness is the underlying goal because if people don’t know about the issue, no one will do anything about it.

Consumer Behavior & Loyalty Toward Endorsement Livestrong And The Lance Armstrong Scandal: An Analysis Of Consumer Behavior & Loyalty, Brandan Jason

Sport Management Undergraduate

Celebrity-athlete endorsement is a popular and growing resource for current marketing strategies among many corporations. In this respect, there are various questions regarding the worth of celebrity-athletes as a means of marketing and generating consumer loyalty. Corporations and brands must take into account the possible consequences that can be associated with these individuals, specifically when they fall under scandal that leads to a misrepresentation of the corporation or brand that they endorse. In addition, they must consider how these associations affect consumer behavior and loyalty intentions toward their brand or products. This paper will address the following question: When an …

Success Or Bust? An Analysis Of Draft Position And Nfl Success, Connor King

Sport Management Undergraduate

The National Football League (NFL) draft is a reverse-order event that positions the teams with the worst record in the NFL to draft first, thus enabling those teams to get the best talent from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to help their team grow and be successful. In today’s NFL draft, there are 7 rounds of selections which includes 32 selections for 32 teams. While literature exists on what statistics are relevant toward evaluating specific positions and how that knowledge is used to select draft picks, there is no existing research that examines NFL success based on statistics and …

The Factors Of Awareness And Fan Identification Of Soccer Fans, Joseph Mcavoy

Sport Management Undergraduate

Professional soccer is a growing sport in America. The sport of soccer itself is still a growing sport among Americans. How people in America begin to identify themselves as soccer is not yet identified. I want to identify the factors of awareness and fan identification of soccer fans. I plan on surveying people through social media to see how they became soccer fans. I believe that through this research I will help identify the factors that lead people to become interested in soccer. This will help America create more soccer fans

Perception Of Ticket Scalping In New York State, Kevin M. Lute

Sport Management Undergraduate

The development and growth of the secondary ticket market over the last few decades was discussed, in order to see how it has become what it is today. The goal of the research is to see how people living in New York perceive ticket scalping and whether or not they respect the law. The expanding use and popularity of secondary websites such as StubHub are discussed, and how most transactions take place over the internet. Additionally, the current trends in the ticketing industry are mentioned and how organizations have attempted to curb scalping over the last few years. As a …

Value Of An Nhl Player, Ryan Mcginnis

Sport Management Undergraduate

The National Hockey League (NHL) consists of 30 teams which are located in all diverse types of markets around North America. With these teams being in different size markets, it is becoming more difficult to survive in the rigid economic times. With sports being a billion dollar industry, the NHL is an organization who is really struggling because of the lack of support from fans and sponsorships. With money being an issue, owners of these 30 NHL teams, have to make a decision whether they want to be a winning organization or a profitable organization. With this being said owners …

Community Relations Programming In Non-Traditional Nhl Markets, Charles Ragusa

Sport Management Undergraduate

In the past twenty years, USA Hockey participation figures have grown at exponential rates, with overall amateur participation numbers reaching the half-million mark for the first time in 2011 (USA Hockey, 2012). Much of the overall growth of hockey in the United States has occurred in what some may define as non-traditional markets. These non-traditional markets comprise of Southern, mid-Atlantic, and West Coast cities, and several of the expansion and relocation teams that have grown since the early 1990s. In order to understand the growth of the sport, it is first important to look into what community outreach programs have …

The Boston Bruins’ Use Of Social Media To Engage Fans In Promotions, Samantha Rogan

Sport Management Undergraduate

The topic of my research paper is the Boston Bruins’ use of social media to engage fans in promotions. More specifically, my research question is how do professional hockey teams use social media sites, such as Twitter, to increase fan engagement with team promotions? This research is important because we learned more about how social media sites are utilized in a positive way and were able to see what it takes to make these social media sites successful at the professional sport level. Some findings that have already been conducted on this topic include the different types of promotions and …

Assessing The Emotional Pull Of Advertising, Kristine M. Smith

Sport Management Undergraduate

The consideration of different running shoe advertisements provoking different emotions in sport consumers was examined in this research. The concept of different emotions leading to different buying behavior of consumers was also looked to be studied. Through snowball sampling, a survey was sent out to participants and results were examined. General demographic questions were asked along with questions about what different feelings participants experienced from looking at three different advertisements. They were also asked how these feelings would change their buying behavior. Responses were categorized into positive, negative, and neutral feelings and intent to purchase was also compared. Participants included …

Major Junior Or Ncaa Hockey: Which Path Should Be Chosen?, Christopher Roeder

Sport Management Undergraduate

Each year in Canada and the United States, thousands of talented teenaged hockey players are faced with a life changing decision. They must make a choice between playing in the Canadian Hockey League (CHL) or going to college and playing NCAA DI (National College Athletic Association, Division I) hockey. This is such a big decision because each of these choices can help lead a player to a professional career, but in very different ways. The CHL is structured more like the NHL in the number of games they play and the day to day schedule of practice and games. College …

Baseball: America’S Past Time?, Kevin Sullivan

Sport Management Undergraduate

Baseball has always been known as America’s game and has been embedded into our society for decades. Unfortunately we have seen a swing that has led America’s youth to abandon the game that has been cherished by so many before them. Youth athletes have been switching to sports that they are finding to be exciting, something that has been missing from the sport of baseball in the United States for some time now. This paper looks to address the question: what factors contribute to youth baseball players leaving/quitting the sport? From the research I have conducted I have found that …

Women And Weight Training, Alexandra Rohloff

Sport Management Undergraduate

There are many motivational factors or barriers that effect women to weight train at a recreational standard. In this research, weight training is any use of resistance machines, bands or the lifting of weights. Through this research, the question of how do women who weight train differ from those who do not in a physical, mental and social aspect is answered. Furthermore, this research identifies what the specifics are refraining women from weight training and how to make these barriers motivate women to weight train based off of all the positive benefits it has for women. The theory that helped …

Ncaa Sanctions And Their Effect On Athletic Success, Aidan Wiese

Sport Management Undergraduate

Cheating is a part of everyday life and is prominent aspect in the competitive nature of business. The ultimate goal of cheating is to gain an advantage over your competitors and ultimately be successful. Even though cheating is considered wrong, why do people still do it? The risk of being caught and punished is seemingly outweighed by the reward of success from cheating. This concept is relevant in the sporting world as well with the violation of rules by college athletic programs. In the highly competitive division I level of intercollegiate athletics the goal is to be the best. To …

Analysis Of Cosma Accredited Sport Management Curriculums, Kyle Anthony

Sport Management Undergraduate

The main focus of this paper is to analyze the curriculums of accredited sport management schools, focusing on the course offerings of all 11 accredited schools. The research question being asked is what curricular similarities and/or differences are there between the accredited sport management programs. A content analysis of all the course catalogs of the accredited schools will be done, using the 13 content areas required by COSMA to be covered, as a code for the content analysis. Courses will be sorted into content areas, and then analyzed based to see if there are any common themes or differences between …

Identifying Themes Among Broke Former Nfl Athletes, Shelby Christensen

Sport Management Undergraduate

The purpose of this research was to identify any potential variables that may predict the financial struggles of retired NFL athletes. It was important to validate previous research while determining new unidentified areas of concern. Available data of bankrupt and non-bankrupt former NFL (National Football League) athletes was collected to run the analysis. Results showed there were five significant predictors within the analysis. These variables could lead to more informative and useful retiree programs in and outside of the NFL.

Television: The Effect It Has On Small Market Sports Franchises, Stephen Cannuli

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

"In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

Large market baseball franchises are gaining an enormous advantage over smaller market franchises and television is playing a major role in this ongoing problem. This advantage exists for a number of reasons. Most important and most talked of is the reality that large market franchises have more capital than those who make their living in the small market areas do.

Social Media’S Correlation To Fan Behavior, Aj Van Scott

Sport Management Undergraduate

Social media and fan behavior are two very interesting topics. More and more people are learning more about social media everyday and it is here to stay, it is not a fad, and people expect organization to be posting about games or events so that they can find out the information on social media. It is important for organizations to be on Twitter or Facebook because it is important to integrate into people’s lives. Fan behavior research proves that environmental factors are one of the biggest deterrents for fans when it comes to trying to attend games and that record …

How Are Student Athletes Perceiving Female Coaches, Avery Light

Sport Management Undergraduate

This study was designed to assess the perceptions that student athletes have of female coaches and relate these perceptions to the establish factors within the literature review. Research has suggested possible explanations for the decline of females coaching female sports, however, the focus has not been on the extreme low number of women coaching male sports. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to gain an understanding as to why females are not coaching male sports. A cross sectional survey will be designed and sent out to Male and female student athletes within the NCAA Division III Empire 8 conference. …

Recruiting: An Undervalued Asset?, Brandon G. Harrison

Sport Management Undergraduate

NCAA Division I basketball has grown to be an enourmously lucrative business venture in recent years. However, in order to capitalize on the revenues that can be generated by NCAA Division I basketball schools need to be successful. Therefore, it is important to address what can lead to success. Previously, it was thought that coaching status and skill were the key factors leading to success. However, research has been done to discover the relationship between recruiting and success in Division I Football, but very little research has been done on Division I Basketball. The purpose of this study is to …

Nba Star Power: Impact On Attendance, Cory Metcalfe

Sport Management Undergraduate

In lieu of an abstract, here is the paper's first paragraph: One challenge many team’s in many different leagues face is the ability to recognize fan motives and fan attendance to their team’s games (Ouray 2006). Team owners struggle every year to find the best balance between winning games, winning championships, training players and hiring coach’s all on the base of making money. Teams in the National Basketball Association (NBA) earn money through T.V contracts, licensed goods, and Ticket sales. Many different owners in different leagues have their own approaches and goals when the thought of raising attendance at games …

Division Iii Student-Athletes Perceptions Of Pay For Play, Daniel P. Maloney

Sport Management Undergraduate

Since the NCAA was first created, the subject of academic corruption in intercollegiate athletics has been of significant concern and empirical inquiry (Ridpath, 2008). There are many current issues that are still ongoing today such as: the denial of payment of Division I football players, the exploitation of student-athletes in academics, and the difference in treatment between student-athletes and students academically. Although this may not always hold true at all Division I schools, previous studies have concluded the values and missions of the NCAA seem to be misaligned with what they are actually promoting. I would like to prove that …

Pba Format Change: Aligning With Fan Motivations?, Jeremy Armison

Sport Management Undergraduate

According to the 2007 US Census, bowling has one of the highest participation rates in sports. With 43.5 million participants it ranked 5th in sports/activities behind walking, exercising with equipment, swimming, and camping, yet it struggles at the professional level (US Census, 2007). Changes to the format of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) have been made in the past with little success. The PBA is hoping to change that with this new format change which includes team competition. Team sport spectators are motivated by different factors than individual sport spectators but there has not been research done on PBA fans. …

Why Do Fans Use Coping Mechanisms And What Can The Nhl Do To Keep Fans Interested?, Joseph E. Radulski

Sport Management Undergraduate

There have been many lockouts in professional sports over the last decade (Drewes, 2005). The NHL has had four lockouts in the last twenty years (Fitzpatrick, n.d.). In the past research has shown during a lockout fans will find ways to cope with the loss of a season (Grieve, Shoenfelt, Wann & Zapalac, 2009; Winfree & Fort, 2008). After the lockout in 2004-2005 the NHL used marketing strategies to attract new fans to the sport (Gee, 2009; Batchelor & Formentin, 2008).

There has been no previous research on why fans choose the coping mechanisms they use. There has also been …

Media’S Representation Of Player Performance, Dj Sanzotta

Sport Management Undergraduate

A player’s statistical performance during a given week of an NFL season is something that influences the way the media views them. Statistical performances are often a great barometer of how talented a player is. The quarterback position in the NFL is often one that the media puts under a microscope. Players are constantly praised or criticized for their ability to lead their respective teams as well as their ability to fill up a stat line. During the 2012 NFL season there were many quarterbacks that the media tended to focus on. Drew Brees, Cam Newton, Russell Wilson, Tony Romo …